Show VJ 01 D f c I 1 PT ION V ff f 4 P W IZ 14 xa 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 5 xi wa t aft me A 1 ef va 1 women 0 are Now Trained 1 as for service with the kil united states army photo by ae 7 orders of the gov 1 K to the engineering e r iv 2 department of the united za 9 states army to stop enlisting men as in a special camouflage dl iff rd P vision ends a chapter in military cam huflage in america A little more than a year ago it was doubtful whether or not the briny would have any great use for in the le forces abroad by the recent decree mill tary camouflage Is made an essential in every regiment like engineering trench digging mop map making road building and there fire now according to military camou fleurs flears in new york city about export expert abroad with the per forces the new order makes it necessary for each regiment in every training camp on this side to have at least 10 to train other men in tho the new art of camouflage whence will these there new come who Is to make them krofl clent when even the best framed tra ned old military find and naval men admit igno rancel rance until the airplane came in the cavalry was the scouting arm of the army says a writer in new york times now a large part of the cavalry of the united states army has been dismounted and put to machine guns the airman Is the scout tills this was the chief factor in raising camouflage to its present rank of importance A mounted scout could scarcely be deceived by artificial camouflage now the scout passing at heights of about 1600 1500 feet cannot tell whether the camouflage if clever Is artificial ills kodak however Is not so easy to fool it will record many things which escape the eye for that reason lights and shades depressions and knolls in the terrain and shadows have to be carefully stud led by the military camou fleur that makes it necessary tor for him to know shade and tone value as they register on the eye of the birdman and on the camera lens under the instruction of IL II ledyard towle of the seventy first infantry Is the new york division of military camouflage in which the men belong to the new national army and wear the uniform and insignia of the engineers and on the sleeve the letters 31 C 1 l military tary Camou fleur they include landscape gardeners artists miniature painters portrait painters photographers woodworkers wood workers mural decorators draftsmen and engineers gi it Is probable that these men will be used to instruct the various regiments in military camouflage methods of teaching an observer need only follow these to the GO CO acre tract which the city of yonkers donated to lieutenant towle for or camouflage work or into their great classroom in new york city to get an idea of the chief achl methods of 0 teaching the value ot of depressions pres color values lights and ad shades and locations there are arc adjustable ju stable wires that tilt the miniature terrain boards to just the desired blant so BO that the soldier can view them from the angle of a sharpshooter as it from an airplane from the rear rear or from in front gauzy curtains create tin an illusion of 0 various lights at different hours thus light blue curtains make the twilight just before dawn light rose and blue and yellow make dawn noonday and dusk curtains the evening from 1500 feet telephone poles camouflaged disappear dugouts with it a path crossing over the root roof are like the side of the hill even the gray blue and red caisson wagon moving along the road Is a blur of color canvases in triangular shape tied to tile the foot of the telephone poles outward and on both sides conceal the road to au an observer on foot or in the air at a thousand feet the hill looks deserted on an almost treeless plain with no distinguishing feature save a neglected old path yet that hillside harbors six dugouts dug outs several observation and listening posts men cannon machine guns and a network of telephone lione wires beyond yonkers there are trench sections w with fill no muns land and its barbed wire entanglements entangle ments and dug outs the trenches are dug so deep that the heads of the men do not show above the surface and the sod removed to dig them Is replaced the openings of the dugouts of the trenches are not ns as Is sometimes supposed far behind the trenches they are in the trenches with the entrance on the enemy side bombs may fall in the mouth of the dugout but seldom inside the obvious Is sometimes as aa good ns as the invisible lieutenant towle said recently for instance the famous dummy fleet the british used another camouflage to which the germans were dupes was a red cannon scantily camouflaged camou fl aged placed by the british at the summit of a lull the cannon was visible to every german scout flying over it but it seemed so obviously a fake fak that not a single enemy bomb was dropped on it yet it held beld its position tor for a long time find and at night poured its stream of fire into the enemy the same idea Is carried out by file american who model dummy men and guns for decoys the enemy air scout sees a partly camouflaged cannon or machine gun with its men bending over it at work and the smoke pouring from its nozzle intermittently lie ile cannot see completely hidden from view a real cannon whose men are firing a deadly volley from under cover and whose ammunition comes to them through tunnels such experiments are being made by the military at yonkers there are arc other tricks to be learned tor for they also do their own painting of army equipment before using it although nn an ambulance or army truck may not be entirely invisible on account of the he various backgrounds it must pass it can be mottled into a very poor target in motion it will appear as a blur caused by heat rays for it Is mottled in the colors whose values constitute colors which the suns rays would make natural camouflage discarded at first natural camouflage was used almost entirely A clump of trees and brush hid bid a whole machine gun company a group of rocks harbored a listening post and a deserted mill might hold a regiment but the enemy has learned that even the trees and stones hoar hear and a natural camouflaged refuge Is never safe wholly from air attack now the most innocent seeming object Is nevertheless tin nn object and therefore a target for the scout whereas it perfectly smooth hillside with no distinguishing marks may be almost entirely undermined and yet not arouse suspicion lieutenant towles men learn earn cam huflage from the defensive and offensive points of view how to advance under cover and how to defend themselves under cover they have invented scouting and sharpshooters suits which alil h when worn by the soldier make him appear like a bit of the landscape as a boulder a log a stump or a part of the foliage of a tree women being trained american women omen tire are being trained according to the same method as the men under the league tor for national service and under lieutenant towle discussing their work he sned there any reason why the women do ns as well as the men as that Is in making the materials behind the lines jt heavy work but it demands ingenious workers skilled in details tryon hall tty old C K X G billings place on washington heights bought by john D ro gefeller ke feller jr to be given ultimately to the city for a park Is the spot chosen tor for the practical experimental work by the women hither they go with nith lieutenant towle to try out ther camou camouflage flae suits and be photographed wearing ilem them in different positions to see that they blend with different colors of the landscape and would be invisible to the enemy not only on the firing line but on the plates of the enemy photographer this Is the most serious work that has been undertaken under the nu au spices of the national league for womans comans service the members of the camouflage corps of whom there are about 40 confidently expect to cross the water to assist in the camouflage work fit at which english and french women are already busy they will not be accepted by the government as regular workers and enlisted for the service until they have completed their training and shown that they have made good but the tact fact that lieutenant towle Is on leave in order to instruct them Is sufficient proof that their work will be chusid considered no age limit for women there Is no age limit up or down for women joining the corps but each member must have had some practical technical training before she joins th this 1 1 keeps p from the corps very young girls the members are ou oung ng N omen who are self supporting they are artists architects metal N workers wood carvers photographers etc it la is an exceptionally versatile and responsible group they take a three months course under lieutenant towle each member of the class makes bud and develops her own camouflage suit according to her own ideas with fill the foundation of instruction that she hall haa received suits as they have been constructed ted by the girls so far are in one piece like a divers suit with a hood covering the head A human face shows in fit the distance and the corps is experimenting with veils as as face coverings earth brown Is the usual foundation color and upon this go yellows IT 8 ge geens ells grays and splashes of ii black ack |