Show I CLIFF DWELLERS ARE DIFFERENT Ancient Skeleton of Woman Proves This Theory SO SAYS PROF HEWETT BONES UNEARTHED IN MAKING AN EXCAVATION V Santa Fe N II M July 10 A skeleton skeleton skeleton ton found In making an excavation for Prof Prot house on La Garita hill bill was turned over to the Museum of American Archaeology and Director Edgar I L Hewett after making an ex examination X of tho the specimen has ban made the following tollo statement concerning it Jt The rho skeleton Is that of an Indian woman probably under twenty years yean of age at death The cranium and some lome of the long bones were recovered r The Tho stature was low not to exceed five feet teet and the tho muscular development rather small Tho The teeth were In good condition the full Cull number neing pres present enL ent tho the wisdom teeth having the ap appearance appearance appearance of having boon been recently cut The skull Is III greatly flattened at rt the back on the tho right side sido This artificial de do deformation formation of or tho the skull was character characteristic r of all the ancient tribes of the Rio nio Grande valley It was doubtless caused by the tho binding of the head upon the cradle Cradic board In Infancy It is III a atypical atypical atypical typical skull the long narrow type This Is I of especial Inter Interest est edt because of tho the fact that the Pueblo Indians of tho present day are pre predominantly predominantly dominantly short broad headed there thoro being from fifteen to per cent of the tho other type typo among them It was upon tilts this characteristic that we wore able to de determine termine that the ancient cliff clift dwellers dweller and mesa meBa dwellers dweller of the tle plateau west of oC the Rio Ulo Grande rande were not Identical with the Pueblo Indians the former having been boon a perfectly pure stock one hundred per cent doll dohi while the Pueblos are a t mixed stock but predominately brachy short broad hooded headed This fact would seem to relate the tho Inhabitants of prehistoric Santa ec o e eto oto to the ancient the name we wo have given to the prehistoric culture west of the Rio Ulo Grande Orande more closely than tho modern Pueblos Pueblo It would b be most Interesting if It should be found that that ancient ages agos ago overspread the entire Rio Itlo Grande Orande val valley vallet al aller let ley It would now practically establish that the Pueblos are composed of a astrain astrain astrain strain of the tho old stick to which was WAll added a much stronger strain from somewhere else elee The older culture prevailed and survives In groat great part to the th present time because the climatic conditions of tho the time Ume and place naturally tended to the establish establishment ment mont of Pueblo habits mode of life social order ord r and religion relt lon But the physical character and probably the language ge of the newcomers prevailed d dIn In this connection Mr Harrington BarrIngton has recently made mado tho the intensely interest interestIng InterestIng interesting Ing discovery discover announced In the cur current curent curent ent rent number of oC the American Anthro Anthropologist Anthropologist that there IB Is striking similarity between one of the and the tho Kiowa of th the Great plains The Tho Tewa Tew name namo for the tho site where Santa Fe now stands was w Tewa The place of the shell beads hear dear the tho water ater and a large terraced pueblo stood on the Fort Marcy tarcy hill bill where tho military breastworks have lIao long covered Its It ruined walls alls A smaller pueblo later called Analco A or Aztec tec word aU ati water saUl the other side ebb co Cu on On the oth uth other other er or side sido III do of or the water stood south BOuth of the Rio Ufo Santa Fe on the site alte of San Ml MI MIguel 11 guel church Some years ago I called attention to the fact that portions of Its Ita walls still exist In the foundations of the tho Oldest house In fn Santa Santo SantaFe SantaFe Fe built upon the tile ruins of o the Indian pueblo early In the seventeenth nth c con n tury We Ye now know that a third pue pus pueblo pueblo blo existed in very early times in the valley north of or the river There is An n ancient burying ground under the back part of the old palace and the al nl alteration of the building necessarY for forthe forthe forthe the purposes of the museum disclosed o ed within the massive wall of or the central axis portions of an ancient wall characteristic of Indian archi architecture before the art of making adobe bricks was ws learned from rom the Spaniards Identical with the fragments of oC walls formerly to be seen soen In the foun bun foundations foundations of th the oldest house bou and antI un in under inder tn der the fortifications of Fort Marcy also identical with those that we have discovered In the course cour e of oC our excavations excavations excavations at prehistoric San Ildefonso the ruin that Is cut through by the tho Denver Denvor Rio Grande Grand railroad a mile north of Its lla Iron bridge Abiquiu and OJo C These walls evident evidently ly survived the tho partial destruction de of tho palace In Nono None of or these towns were occupied cl clat at the time when the Santo Santa Fe valley alley was first seen by white men AH AU were In ruins but the evidences at hand band justify the the belief that If one could have bae stood upon the spot where the city now stands looking east front from the site of the Church of Our Lady of Gaudalupe five hundred years ago there thero would have bo boon boen n seen on what we call Fort enable arable size consisting of one largo large ter Maroy hill hili an Indian town of consid raced pueblo and one or more smaller buildings near by b a kiva kha or sanctuary of oC the hill bill side south of or the river on San Miguel slope H a small mall pueblo two stories high and passing pawling back and forth front from these thelle two towns town to the river r then considerably larger than now the water carriers curriers with their olla ollas on their heads In the foreground tho the historic hl Old Palace has haa undergone the vicissitudes of nearly three centuries would have been seen a cluster of or ru ruined ruIned ined med mounds tho the remains of an earlier town over which some of the earliest houses hou es of Santa Fe were doubtlessly built Such Is our conception of Prehistoric tone Santa Fe and for It there Is III abundant documentary doC and ant archaeological cal evidence In this form it will be presented by Carl all In the first of a cycle of paintings painting now being exe executed for tho the historic corridor In the archaeological museum In the Old Pal Palace Palace Palace ace representing the principal epochs in the civilization of this place placeIt It Is of the greatest greate t Importance that all archaeological romaine remains uncovered uncovered ered ored in works of building and ditch ditchIng ditchIng ditching Ing In and about Santa Fe be careful carefully ly preserved This is especially so of skeletons for no other evidence throws so much light on the problems of the earliest Inhabitants of this thin region the ancestry of or the Pueblo Indian Indians and kindred l questions Question It Is hoped that all nil such uch remains will vill be placed In the museum where they can cun bo be b scientifically I cally studied and their value made known Otherwise they are utterly lost The museum and what hat it contains belongs to all the people It t exists solely for their benefit and if JC all Join In Its lla It can become a groat Institution In for tor public When remains are aro found If It the mu museum museum seum Ileum Is la notified a member r of oC Its Hit stare staff will go at once to a l t In recovering reco them thorn and preparing them for or removal Valuable specimens are arc often damaged beyond recovery by careless or un unskilled unskilled skilled handling and moreover mor over In every cost case thero there are certain observations observations observations that should bo be made mado on tho ground while the specimen spool men Is In place by one who Is accustomed to such work In the tho study of ancient life nothing Is 13 more moro Instructive than thon the tho phenomena connected with burial In Inthe Inthe Inthe the position In which the thc body was as In the toothed method of or wrapping the tho disposition of oC objects about the dead lead the th people gave ext rr lon to their lr lrI thoughts thou concerning those questions which have been through all ale ages as I they are today to ay the HIt ones mot mOlt com corn and most baffling to the hu man mind If Ie viewed In this light a skeleton or mummy ceases to be simply an object of morbid curiosity and be bo becomes becomes comes One of serious thoughtful inter interest est eat es t |