Show SOME THEORIES OF SCIENTISTS Second Days Session of Inter International International international national Congress on Tuberculosis REGARDED AS HEREDITARY STARTLING DECLARATION OF PROFESSOR FISHER Washington Sept 29 The second days daya session of or the International Con Congress Congress gress on Tuberculosis opened at this morning The entire morn mornIng mornIng mornIng Ing was wa devoted to the wor kor Section 1 I with Dr II IL Welch of ot Baltimore presiding pr Participating in the discus discussions which dealt principally with such pleases phases of ot tuberculosis as channels of ot in infection latent Intent infection predisposition and heredity were many distinguished medical scientists from abroad Surgeon General Simon Von of ot St Sl Petersburg Russia honorary physician at the czars court contributed his views on Heredity in Tuberculosis All tendency to disease that appears In Jn any individual asserted Dr Von Uh is to be regarded as hereditary whether or not the corresponding dis disease disease disease ease can be traced back each time to parent parents or ancestors The tendency to 10 consumption is inherited and may be de developed developed eloped by various agencies Numerous autopsies show that every man over SO 00 0 years of or ae age has old remains of or a tu tubercular tubercular tubercular infection These facts show how comparatively easy the human or organism organism organism can overcome the tubercle bacilli and give us the indication for tor our treat treatment ment the strengthening of ot the organism by b hygienic and means We must seek Leek to destroy de troy the tubercle bacillus but our chief endeavors must be directed to toward toward toward ward strengthening the body Routes of Infection Dr Julius Bartel of ot Vienna discussing the routes rout s of ot infection said The infection from pharynx stomach find and intestines is far more frequent par particularly particular particularly during early earb life than has gen generally generally generally been considered Of Ot less tess Import Importance Importance importance ance as compared with general hygienic regulations is the constant dispute con concerning concerning l tho the more frequent ent mode of ot In Infection Infection whether due to swallowing or in inhalation Inhalation halation inasmuch as it is difficult to Judge tho the relative effects of ot deglutition and aspiration Dr Carl Hurt of Berlin in his views on the subject of o predisposition of ot the apices of or the lungs to pulmonary losis declared that aside from infection the cause of pulmonary tuberculosis in n youthful individuals Is to be sought in inan Inan inan an Individual predisposition due to ana anatomic anatomic anatomic tomic and functional disturbance of or the normal conditions around the superior aperture of ot the thorax The final out outcome outcome outcome come of at this battle between the tubercle bacilli and the tissues depends on the degree of or the functional disturbance he declared Transmitted by Germs Dr Samuel Bernheim of Paris ing from clinical facts taets and experiments on or animals drew the conclusion that tu is 15 chiefly transmitted by b aerial germs and by way of ot the respiratory respirator tract He further stated that the tile skin may serve as n a channel of ot entrance to tuberculosis In conditions particularly fa ta favorable a to contamination although this could not be considered a D factor of or first Importance Other speakers on the program and their subjects were Professor N Ph Leyden Leden Channels of Infection Dr G Kuss Russ France Franc Sources and Paths of ot Tuberculosis Infection Professor Francis Latent Tu Tn Profesor A j S Warthin Ann Arbor Mich The Present State of ot Our Knowledge Concerning Heredity In Tu Tn Dr Johann Von Buda lInda The Role of ot Inherited Predisposition in tho the Etiology of ot Tuberculosis Professor ProCessor B Stiller of Buda Pest Pulmonary Tuberculosis and After a recess Sections 1 and 2 of or the congress held a Joint session this after atter afternoon afternoon noon convening at The prin principal principal principal cipal subjects discussed were cre and Tuberculin Index and Serum Di Diagnosis DIagnosis Diagnosis Startling Prediction That people now living hiving In the united States are doomed to fill till con consumptives consumptives consumptives graves graes unless something is done to prevent It was the startling dec of or Professor Irving Fisher ot Yale university In an address on The Cost of ot Tuberculosis before the Inter International International International national Tuberculosis congress today toda Professor Protessor Fishers address created a sen sensation sensation Professor Protessor Fisher Fl her further declared that the persons parsons who die of ot tion annually in this country countr cost in hard cash c h over oer one billion dollars a year yearA car carA A French Theory Theor TheorIn In Section 1 I In which It Is expected the most of the scientific discussions and discoveries will develop there was a dis discussion discussion cession of great Ireat Importance to the con congress congress gress at nt this tills mornings session when Pro fessor Calmett of Lille France director of or the Pasteur Institute advanced th theory theor that the tubercle bacilli arc tak taken taken taken en Into the system by b swallowing Here inhalation ha ban been considered r d the principal method of or contracting tion Infection by inhalation was warm ly defended by Professor Protessor of ot Hol 1101 land Past Assistant Surgeon Victor G C Helf Helt Helter cr or of at the United States State public health and anti marine hospital service and direr tor of health heRlth of or tho the Philippine islands island asserted that in tropical countries where tuberculosis and hookworm disease pro pre all pail elimination of the hookworm pro better results In diminishing the mortality from tuberculosis than any other measure that has yet been tried on a 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