Show e ANCIENT Various Ways of Keeping Track of S S Ho Before the Days of Clocks Boston Dally Daily Globe In the United States the oldest time timepiece piece prece Is the famous Endicott sundial made Blade In London in 1638 1630 and it was wasS brought to this country the same year yearb S b GoVernor Endicott at the time he brought the fleet of ships laden with emigrants to settle In and around Salem The dial stOOd for a great number of In trout front of the Endicott mansion In salem Iem and was us in the hande of the family fally until sixty or seventy years ago agoS when It was IUS placed in the care of the S india Marine society of Salem The society held it in trust t until 1 It came Into the possession or of ort t the Essex x institute where it now rests In a I Jass case in the museum BeIng unable to reclaim the original I 8 of the family have on differ I 1 lIt had replicas made In br nae and placed near their rest d ces rl sundial of King Ahu who lived H 74 yam yeats before Christ Is the first dial on record in the World This dial was a graduated in Instrument haying having degree marks of some kind which showed the daily course of the sun The Old Testament tens tells UtI us that It wAs wan k known n In Jerusalem as early as 8 seven centuries s before Christ and thE thema ma of its mention indicates that It wits a novelty In that city elty at that The sundial took man many forms I The Art rt of dialling involved I tech leal problems of considerable complex complexity ity and It is very er likely that this con conI contributed I t to the knowledge of oC mathe the world possessed ed at period I Impert Imperfect ct sUndials were common In InI Ro Ronit rie About a century and a half be for the Christian era so common in indeed Indeed I deed thAt as new inv now flows days afford material for the pars para grapher they were targets for the fun tun funY ny Y of the period I e Romans later perfected a sun sua suitable to their latitude Which w much more ace accurate The dial w ater adopted nd awl Improved by byS I n nations and some very cc ac accurate S curate ones were made by I throughout Europe EuropeA A dial or rather a series of dials of every conceivable de description form forming formIng ing a structure was erected in White halt hail London In 19 1609 by order of King Charles II It was the Invention of Francis Hall a Jesuit and professor of mathematics at Liege Vertical dials inclining dials and dials for showing De time t as computed by various arious nations at periods were all Included and ranged on platforms Of these bowls or brackets ap appear r to tobe he be have been hn the ha t 0 I I on brat to show the hour by consisted of a lIlUe glass bow I filled with clear water This bowl boM was about three inches In and was placed in the middle of another sphere about six Inches in diameter consisting of several rings or circles representing the hour circles In the heavens The hour was known by applying the hand band to these circles when ben the sun I shone and that Circle where the hand handI handfelt I felt burned by the sunbeams passing i through the bowl with wat watI water showed tue true hour I King Alfred mEasured time by burn hug candles marked with ith circular lines to Indicate the hours Ingenious de were adopted to prevent draughts from strIking the flame and thus s sIt It were make time speed on Its flight by melting the tallow of th the candle before it was wall burned but this Mas a very cry imperfect method of time timekeeping tImekeeping keeping The gnomon the predecessor S of tM the sundial was probably oe Of f th the ear earliest earliest liest devices for the bf f time Ume and it ma may reasonably be concluded that the Egyptian pyramids with their great altitude formed d part of a de dc design sign for time keeping by the shadow thrown thron on the dE desert rt sands The obe I U hisk k too in all probability served the purpose for as a matter of hi history tol an I obelisk at Rome was 88 actually used for fora a sundial In the time of Emperor Au Augustus rustus gustus The rising and setting of the Sun and the changes of the moon were edly the first records of tune time kept by byman man the shepherd of the early arly ares ages time tIm hv bv full moons The of a trees shadow gave Warning that night was re preaching when another day Or period of time would be at an end If w we could step on of a Malay we should see floating in a bucket of water a cocoanut shell hay hav having tug ing tl a small hole in the bottom through which the water by slow degrees finds finda Us its ay Into the int interior TM The hole In the shell Is so proportioned that the thel l will fill and sink In an hour when the Uie man on watch tall the time and sets It a oat afloat a again in inThe The Chinese have hae a water ater clock In Use At the present time which Invention Invention tion they a ascribe cribe to who lived according to their chronology more than centuries before C Christ ChristA rist ristA A water lock clock or ma machine machine chine very vel similar to the Chinese in instrument strument and named DArned the clepsydra was by the ancient Greeks In tie de the amount or of time speck speak speakers ers In court should take to make their arguments This machine was In the form of a spherical vessel with A min minute ute opening at the bottom and a short neck neek at the top Into which the water was poured The running ou out of the water could be stopped stepPed b by closing t the neck The association of this device with the courts of that time J is shown In Inmany inmany many ways In important cases case of great moment to the state hach ach party was allowed 10 amphorae In about fifty gallons of water ater as the time on which to make their arguments Demosthenes showed the value he placed on the time allotted him to speak for during an interruption in one of his speeches he turned to a acourt acourt court officer with a peremptory You t there tre Stop that water The time system of early Rome was of the rudest character The day and i night each were divided mt I 55 four the periods of whir were roughly determined by ria i m or orthe orthe the courses es ot of Ute the su anD and six sta sixTh Th A watched for t e mo moment moment ment when froze m Ute the senate ii se b he first caught sl sight ht of the sun between the rostra and the t when he proclaimed publicly the hour of noon From the annie point he watched the declining sun lid and proclaimed its disappearance On the mantel In the trustee rOOm of the Boston public library a k Which WU was bought in PaSts paris and sent to this country In 1800 at it itis is said of 1 1000 to be set up in the there present re building of the library which was as at that time Incomplete It is a reproduction In bronze by M or of R a celebrated design of Jean B an artist of the early part of the sixteenth century sow in inthe Inthe the mu museum eum at Brues IS The whole structure of the cluck clock hu has been chiseled by hand band and no duplicate cate hu has ever been beeD made from k It The bronze is richly gilded and ald the wings wingson I Ion on either side of the face which are In reality doors to protect the face or of orthe the clock ve are colored It was exhibited at the Paris tI n of 1889 1881 and tile the design wu was con considered one of the finest works of art artor or oC Its Ill kind exhibited I |