Show CHEMISTRY and arid the CLEANING of CLOTHES is matter in the wrong place The D DIRT business of the laundress is to remove it The business of the chemist is to tell teU her how to do it How a hit it of science applied each Monday will add weeks to the life of your linen is explained in Popular Science Monthly by I. I Newton Kugelmass Kugelmass Kugelmass Kugel- Kugel mass professor of chemistry Howard College The life of clothes may be prolonged 25 per percent cent by scientific laundering according to Prof Kugelmass The Tho laundering process procesa is started with soaking soaking soaking soak soak- ing to loosen the dirt and save rubbing and there there- r by the goods time and energy says ays Prof Kugel Kugel- mass The Thc great mistake made is to begin soaking soaking soak soak- ing with hot water This coagulates the albumin albumin- ous matter and starch making them stick on the clothing with resultant blotches Start with a water cold bath for cold water dissolves the L 1 lb starch and ana anu a alu ons oUS matter and gets rid of them for good t The kind of water used should not be a matter of in differ differ- I ence Woolens galore have been ruined by washing them in naturally naturally naturally nat nat- hard water i The sticky soap settles set set- settles H ties in the pores of I the wool fibre and materially reduces its wearing qualities For I safety and efficiency tin ll i v prepare the water before before before be be- fore using it for cr Wt but re TN washing Add a minimum minimum min min- sAP borax of soda-ash soda ammonia A 1 Typical Case of Before and After Washing in Hard Har Water Vater I Ito or washing g soda enough Causing the Fibres to B Become come Clogged with Decomposed Soap Which Is Insoluble to precipitate the ob- ob d miner al s. s J. J ec Stir let lct the tho water settle and then allow the clear clearwater clearwater clearwater water to flow into the washing tub Vr With th the water prepared the next step is in inthe the actual washing operation which involves combined combined combined com com- mechanical agitation and cleansing action of soap To get maximum service from soap we wo must know how it works Soap first dissolved in the water reacts chemically giving a mild mil 1 alkaline alki alka line medium This medium prepares the wa way The rest of the soap is very finely divided into microscopic particles all 2111 evenly distribute throughout the whole all solution solution all the water is ii 3 soapy E Each ch soap particle is a worker worker worker-a a dirt dir The more finely divided the particle and the greater the number the thc more efficient the cleaning The best condition is attained by hy slightly increasing the alkalinity with a mild alkali alkali soda These fighters dirt-fighters work best in a j 1 moderately Iy alkaline field uN Neutral soap and a mild alkali together g giu gh ivy the most efficient washing medium The policy of leaving the clothes overnight in iq th th- th dirty soap bath rots them Using raw bleaching powder means mOrE more mor harmful effects on the clothes than hard water iter and caustic soda combined Treat the bleaching powder with soda in a separate vessel To liTo bleach blench with little injury use the leas soda eoda in making up the bleach liquor so as not to have large alkalinity keep the materials in th the bleach a minimum length of time heat the bleach l bath gradually to prevent too rapid giving off ot of o the thc ox oxygen gen and rinse thoroughly else the ble blear bleda liquor will rot the fabrics Rinsing should be thorough after each opera opera- tion Insufficient rinsing after the first suds decreases decreases de de- de creases the soap efficiency in the second suds after the bleach ruins the clothes before bluing leaves Ica the alkalinity to cause uneven setting of aI the blue and also leaves the alkalinity to convert the starch st. into yellow decomposition products during ironing |