Show I. I r MOTORING PROBLEMS I Ia a v r r. r I ILLIAM r H H. STEWART JR president president W WILLIAM vy dent of or the Stewart Automobile company compan of New ew York and a leading authority on construction upkeep upkeep up up- keep and operation of ot automo automobiles ileA gives helpful answers to motorists in ever every Sunday Issue of ot The Herald Herald- If In a n. quandary over operation operation operation op op- op- op of your car car address your OUr question question ques ques- tion thou to Motoring Department Tho The Republican Herald and Mr Ste Stewart art will vill give I e his export expert advice in the following fol rol- to- to 10 lowing ln Sunday Sunda issue of ot The Herald- Herald Republican Copyright by W W. H H. Stewart Motoring Department The Tho Herald- Herald Republican I noticed a small email leak in one ono of tile the cylinders this morning which was caused b by a R. blowhole In the tho casting Tho Tile cooling water I know should not be allow allowed d to leak especially especially espe espe- during these hot days and I would appreciate clate your our suggestion for I Its repair Is it necessary to have It welded T. T K r It If the hole i IB 18 a very small one it can be repaired b by using cement called Smooth on n otherwise would suggest gest that the tho hole be drilled tapped and 1 plugged ed By Dy using lead on the threads of ot the plug the leak will be bo stopped After Arter filling level with tho the casting and retouching with cylinder paint the re repair repair repair re- re pair wilt vIlt hardly be noticed If It however however how how- ever e there Is a crack extending from the leak It would be advisable to have h same sarno welded even thou though h it be moro cx expensive penSive I Motoring Department Tho The Herald- Herald Republican Will you OU kindly answer this question In your columns I am tho the owner of a ton four truck had it 11 overhauled o h by myself and a friend had everything In good shape all new rings and each cylinder clInder holds a pretty fair compression all the valves cs ground and tested tooted but tho engine doesn't de develop do- do clop the power It is a four-cylinder four engine four tour Would you OU give me the tho approximate s setting of the Uhe ex exhaust exhaust ex- ex haust and admission valves also the tho time tho the spark should bo be set at for tor starting R. R W. W The exhaust valve should open ap approximately approximately approximately ap- ap proximately C 45 degrees before bottom center and close approximately 10 de degrees derees do- do grees rees past top center The inlet valve e should open ope approximately 10 degrees past to top center and close approximately approximate approximate- ly 20 degrees past bottom center Tho The exact setting netting of ot the tho valves depends upon the motor size of at the valves etc The above sett ngo applies to the fourc four four- c cylinder Under type motor I If YOU you are Bre using the battery batter and coil ignition the spark must be bo retarded In starting otherwise the motor will kick back and cause injury to the party cranking It It If the tho motor is started on magneto there is not so 80 much danger of or kicking back and the spark can be bemore bemore bemore more advanced In this case When tho the engine is running the spark should bo be advanced If It the spark Is IB not advanced tho motor will not develop tho the power It should The amount of advance anco of or the tho spark depends upon the speed of ot the motor Whoa When the tho engine is pulling hard the tho spark must be bo slightly retarded retarded retarded re re- re- re to meet this condition others other wIse a n. spark knock will result c Motoring Department Tile The Herald- Herald Republican The clutch on my car drags or slips causing me no end of or trouble A change chango in tho proportions of oil and kerosene In the clutch case results In a drag while starting starling or or- slipping after the car has gone gona less les than half a mile Various proportions of oil and kerosene havo been tried and tho the clutch lutch has been flushed out re repeatedly re- re Also havo have adjusted tho the I clutch spring but without success What do you suggest to eliminate tho the trouble 7 L. L L L. Unless a disc clutch is In good condition condition con con- It will grip when whon starting the car Usually this trouble can bo be overcome o by cleaning th the discs disc which should bo be dono done about twice a n year However there are aro so 80 maui many differently different different- ly h designed disc clutches In use uio that that- nearly all have to havo have different treat treat- ment If It the tho plates of or tho the clutch have been bent or buckled the trouble you OU mention may manifest Itself Tho The multiple disc dine clutch when In good con- con MM M 4 M H H MM j T LJ HINTS H 5 4 4 4 One Ono of ot tho the advantages el claimed A 4 for the full floating type typo of rear H 4 44 4 axle is that in the event of or trouble 4 1 In ill the it is an ens easy 5 tin matter to remove the driving 4 shafts and tow the tho car home on ons oni 4 i s the Idle wheels It Is 19 not generalI general- general 4 1 l I ly appreciated however howe that the 4 4 same Bame applies to the ordinary semi semi- H 4 floating system With this arrangement ur- ur 4 I 4 4 It is possible to clear 4 t 4 ono one or both of or the rear wheels of or H 4 4 the tho driving relation morel merely by removing removing re- re 4 1 moving the wheel and taking taking- out 4 1 4 tho driving ke key so o that it win will H 4 1 turn on tho shaft 4 4 1 4 The Tho difference between the tho tire 1 mileage of or different drivers de depends depends do- do 1 i 4 ponds qui quite to largely largel upon the care 1 used to avoid sharp substances 1 In the road A small sharp cor 1 ner nerd d stone stono will vill often orten make a break In tho the fabric and a broken I I beer bottle bottlo will sometimes cut a 1 4 fearful gash Tire wear also Increases in increases increases In- In creases in a fourfold ratio com com- 4 p pared red with speed Almost any H 1 4 tire will run miles if It carefully care- care H 4 fully favored 4 4 It should be remembered that not eVer every nut is made mode to loosen b by H 4 turning to the left Lock nuts on 4 1 t- t axles generally generall tighten up In the tho H t direction tho the car runs tho the right right- H 4 hand nut being right-handed right and H 1 Hf f vice versa ersa It is well not to forget 4 1 f- f this for tor many a thread has been 1 ruined by trying to unscrew some 1 part by turning it to the left lett H which only served to render it 4 tighter Of or course most nuts H I studs and other threaded l parts arts H Hare 4 are right handed but there are H exceptions 4 1 44 4 1 t Those who are arc troubled with oil 4 1 4 exuding from rear box or reali rear real H axle aclo should try tn tho the curative e cf- cf 4 i p of a small mall air vent Such H escapes escapee of ot the oil ore often otten caused w I b by Internal pressure the tho result of ot 4 1 the Increase of ot temperature pro- pro 4 i 4 under running conditions 4 The oil besides being thinned b by tIl the higher r temperature I is U. forced 5 f out oy uy tho pressure ami anu nones 9 t tf 94 f- f value the the value of or somo some kind of ot oten en vent t. t A. A 4 4 short vertical tube into 4 the top tOl of ot the tho gear Rear box or differential differential dif dif- 4 casing easing will ill answer for forI I all practical purposes but if for 4 any reason it docs does not suit sui t the tho 4 4 hole can easily eally bo plugged f ff f A small leak In a gasoline feed 4 pipe may not be bo noticed especial especial- 4 ly iy in summer when whon the gasoline 44 4 4 evaporate e quite rapidly This may maybe f be bo not only tho the reason for small f fH 4 H- H mileage per gallon of ot fuel used 4 I but it may be a dangerous erous source 4 of ot fire i iM i 4 M M M M 44 HI 4 M 4 4 1 should have hove an equal amount of friction between each disc If It any of or ortho tho the discs are bent or out or round tho the foregoing will bo ho Impossible The Tho clutch spring spring- should not be taken up UI more moro than three or four turns turn of ot tho adjusting nut Your trouble could be remedied b by Installing a ft new set of ot bronze discs k A I Motoring Department The Tho Herald Herald- Republican why Vh Why is It that some moro more car builders use aluminum cases casos and others use iron cast crank cases Is there any groat great difference in cost or strength Thanking you OU in advance I lam am U U. U UW W. W Aluminum rn Is used on account of ot its lightness iron Cast is lit much cheaper but weighs considerably moro more Aluminum Alum Alum- mum has about tho same sarno strength as iron cast but is about third one-third l r- r muter A graae aluminum casting IB is much to be preferred v Motoring Department The Tho Herald Herald- The Republican The grease greaso from tho the differential differential dif dif- case on my car works through tho axle housing out into tho the brake brale drum of left leU wheel Although the right wheel gives no trouble I have reduced the tho quantity of ot grease in the differential differ differ- as 08 low as is consistent but it still works out Please state what Istl is istle istle tl tle e causo of it It and how it can be remedied Some Somo have advised that a ahole aholo hole halo bo be bored In the axle housing but this appears to bo be a 0 makeshift rem rem- edy READER nEADER If It to too much oil or grease is used Inthe Inthe in inthe the differential it will work out through th the wheel bearings Usually there is a grease packing ring just inside in- in side of ot tho wheel hub or axle housing This Thu packing ring undoubtedly needs replacing Instead of ot reducing tho the quantity of ot lubricant in the tho rear axle to 10 a a. minimum would suggest that you ou use UBO a a. heavier kind of grease During the tho warm weather It It is advisable to tous us use uSo a n. heavier grease rea e than what Is used In the cold weather V r j-r jfe Motoring Department Th The Herald Herald- Republican How How can call I Bt stop P tho the rattling In the brake bands on my car B B. B J. J Possibly the brakes brake need When worn down they generally generall are noisy Also Al up or ot bush ush the |