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Show ofil Work of Traite Unions Alike cause per cent of the strike! and these were more successful than t any others. More than 23 per cent were due to a.dispute as to the recognition of union rules, 13 per cent on accounLot-ih- e ofjeuefit to thT Employer and the Employe. cent t0 eDforce ' Cclastrus, wages; 1 0 8horter workday -- - (By W, U. BEATTIE.) Secretary of the Newly Created Department of Labor In the Cabinet; and failed In 76 per cent of the cases where this was the only cause. Advocates of arbitration as a means of Settling these disputes claim that the statistics do not show the advance which this movement has made, and the compilers of the report admit that In many' cases this method had been adopted before a Strike or lockout occurred. Less than 2 per cent were settled by this method, while about 12 per cent of all strikes and lockouts were adjusted by resort to the joint agreement. .That. & number- - of - these strikes were of minpr importance is shown by the fact that the average duration of them per establishment was only 25 days, though the lockouts extended on an average of 84 days. Building trades workers were apparently the most dissatisfied, as they caused 26 per cent of all the strikes ordered. first Monday In September, Gratifying Betterment of Ecogenerally known as Labor Day, nomic Conditions Shown in marks another milestone In the g half-holida- y THE L I - get-xil- :r sh-refc- ba er bse was tie toff 1 pa liSQL: to C- - LT Iffsrty tx. au: orange-colore- ui 'i u t j ti Lffzx cl ffra d seeds. Choose a dark, rainy day. If possible, for the transplanting, otherwise do this work' at sunset we mean In' transplanting seedlings. Water the seed bed thoroughly a short time before you begin to transplant; then lift the plants, with all the soil their roots will hold, and remove to the . .... permanent bed. Keep the seedlings covered "with a wet cloth, so that the boat and wind -will not dry them. With a sharp pointed stick make the hole for ths plant and then fill It with water. Plant the seedling in this paddle, drawing the dark toil about the stalk when Ibe.. ground - has beea flraed ' about' tho plant aa much as possible. . A miniature water garden is prao tical, and will prove most interesting, needing less attention than a flower bed Ha alze. Have a sugar or vinegar barrel cut to two, or use a wooden tub. Sink, this in ths soil. Make a potting box about twelve Inches square and fill with rich mug from a pond, or use half rich loam, adding to the mud or loam about of welt rotted manure. Plant the nymphae root In this and place to the tub, fill with water until It la two or three' Inches deep over the root When the growth commences and the leaves ap pear, water may he added from time to time until the tub Is full. Never ireTTnthl I chftn6 the &ter ipiy replace that which evaporates. . j B r"I , nfa P with block center of escli barrel. the n one-bush- el half-barre- four-bush- el There to no other part of The farts equipment, that requtrescloser at tentlon than that of the harness, both the harness and ths harness. The harness room should be conveniently located in the barn, and chould he made SI close end dust proof as posslbto ti make 1L However, there will he considerable dust and dirt accumulate despite the efforts to keep It out Is the drawing we see an apartment made especially for the light har ness, lap covers and storm curtain etc., which should never be permitted to toy raound. on the benches or ban rels to the barn as we sometimes ses them. 'This closet or cabinet tor ths light harness, is made of matched flooring, to stripped over all cracks heavy-weig- light-drivin- g t half-barr- five-slght- half-barr- s el Practical Illustration for ths Harness Room. The constitutional amendment passed in 1894 at the beheet of the workers, numerous manufacturers and those who favor Industrial reforms, solved for all time the prison labor problem so tar ns the empire state is concerned. Here the competitive convict sys-tehas been abolished. . Contract labor in penal institutions Is now a memory, the state and its political divisions taking tor their own use all goods made by prisoner ' If this method of employing convicts were established to every state in the anion free labor would not have any cause for com- that wouIdAdmlt the, least bit harness room should be Just large enough to accommodate the hAr; ness, whip Up cover etc., just that, part of the farm equipment that. to. used in harnessing the team t If made larger, there will be an accum-- , ulatlon of a variety of things, such' i empty kegs,' barrel' boxes and other things too numerous to .me tion. t j m - ness. It should he washed and regularly. ccn r tof Celts Feat i sl t7 rxz. .oiled i Every colt' Owner should possets' ft foot rasp.. Never mind about a knife; tho lea the knife is .used around the foot the better., The first time the smith if of the ordinary kind gets at the foot he will probably cut it enough, to last a lifetime. If the colt has been handled and quieted before it. to weaned, it will allow the foot to b raised and leveled .with the rap. Study the columns of bones that go. into the fool "No foot, no horse," will t seldom apply to the colt whosa ovter keeps the foot level. to-C- t:t har-- i har-- , JL t Z-- - ; i. Haring a good room for the ness to not all to caring tor the Care of Manure Spreader, Nothing in the operation of any machine to as important as the and the manure spreader is so exception to this rule, says Dairy Farmer. It should be oiled frequently. When you first start using a new spreads you should go over it caretelly, oiling all moving parts Then watch the machine closely for 4 while, and you will soon learn that Sarts must be oiled several times to i days work. Give the machine the right kind of a start and It will save lollare ' lor' you to needless repair plaint Mil Get into the habit of oiling It Organized labor, aided by scores of wgularly as needed. Don't think that Measlee to very sdvaaeed thinkers among the social does not need oil when It Is cov-re- p'z. Clues it to a c philosophers and broad minded stateswith manure. It may not be a very rapiffy wt:i c men. to at present agitating for uni- lice 1 s at time but it pays to the outkrti form labor legislation to the different md. job : r;: . c Ec'i-r-e state ' " 7' 5 the etose of another 1- , " crazier ectrry f Iff: the efforts tr?-vwil 7 f - L Fra2, s now tr.'-- ty li t j; t i To eserre the v:ry tr:'i ti b c 1 tffl irJ I X to r:r:w tb I: b c lubri-Mtio- of dir, .The Care , . flooring, tot stripped over all cracks', stantial benefit Cci ,1 are large enough to be handled. Cut- HARNESS room on farm ting of the leaves begins in the autumn and continues throughout the Illustration Shows Apartment for Ao winter, and often until quite late In commodstlon of Light Paraphei the spring, provided prices) remain . nail Robot and Curtain good. Crops grown in frames are usually superior In quality and appearance to those grown In the open and should he given more care In handling and marketing. The cost of production is somewhat higher than for outdoor as is now is entered it termed, lng. into between associations ef mechan- crops, and it Is essential that they be out up in neat packages in order to ics and manufacturers. The Legislation of the moat vital impor- bring the highest market-price- . tance to laboring men and women has more successful growers give the teen enacted in this last quarter cen- work of gathering, grading and packtury in New York state as well as in ing the crop their closest personal every other state in the onion. Rego-atlo- attention and use only clean, attractof jchlld labor, hours for wom- ive packages for handling and shipens employment, protection of health, ping. Parsley is shipped in employers liability4 all have taken a l hampers, and in conspbuous place, not to mention the crates, barrel broad public previsions for laboring Sugar barrels are mens comfort by way of establishing sometimes need. When making shipsmall parks, recreation piers and,. the ments la the large barrels it is cusvarious movements calculated to stim- tomary to place a block of Ice in ulate all classes, even the poorest, to the top of each barrel The barrel is then covered with a piece of bur ilgber standards of living. And now there is u Womens Trade lap. Radishes and beets are - tied in Union league, which corresponds to the mens Central Federated union. bundles end shipped In hamper bas3ut this women's organization includes kets or in the veneer barrels so comunions which hsvs both xromen and monly used for handling spinach and men .worker effective kale. ' It is a very ' Lettuce is usually shipped in the institution, of children been has tapering hamper with Employment gradually restricted, the minimum age ;wooden cover, or sometimes in crate limit eventually being fixed at , 14 The lettuce is not Washed, but is years, and on June 15, 1907, the legis- packed es it is cut from the beds and lature amended the act to provide that hauled direct to the shipping point, no child nnder sixteen he, allowed to where It to loaded into refrigerator work in any factory except between care or sent by express. Cucumbers are generally picked 8 oclock and 5, or for more than eight hours in any day. or, six days in a early in the morning, while they are week. The latest revision provides fresh and crisp, In removing cucumthat no male mlaof nnder eighteen bers from the vine a sharp knife or may be employed in any factory more pair of shears should be used to cut The cucumbers are than 64 hours a week, or more than the stems. nin&houra a day. .The same provision washed by floating them for a minute The pro- or two In a tank of clear cold water applies to female worker vision reducing the hours from 60 to and are then placed upon a rack or 64 for male minors and women be- screen before packing, .A a rale comes effective October 1 next There the box or crate to which the cucumare a few exception fit the employ- bers are packed, to lined with white ment restrictions, which may be dis- paper, and when filled the top Is regarded to a general consideration of partly covered with slats, leaving the cucumbers partly exposed. the subject like thi Work Still to Be Done..". Egg plants are usually wrapped Borne progress kaa been made lnlegrlseparately.ini. thin paper or inclosed lslatlon regarding employers liability I la a paper bag before packing. Snap and workmens compensation, but beans are shipped in the regular much more on that score will have to barrel and hamper be done in the way of amendatory apts baskets, such as are nsed for handling that will stand the test of interpret the general field crop. Peppers are tioa by the coarts and accord with con- generally wrapped to tissue paper and stitutional requirements before the packed to wooden pan such a are working masses will receive any sub- used for marketing early tomatoes. t3 It bn i one-thir- d abolition of social injustice; and the realization of a larger democracy. Robert G. IngersolL the Last Quarter of a roadway of what has become one of the most important phases of our Century. national life. has To countless numbers the day By GEORGE A. STEVENS, Senior no other meaning than one of rest, Statistician, Department of Labor of New York State. recreatlon,and pleasure; but to those OST important of produce, but equally his ability to sell. to whom the credit must be given of the changes afextent the having this one day In the year dediTo an cause to labor a of cated the congreater are fecting labor in classes becoming working the last twenty-fiv- e sumers of the nations products and significance is attached to It means more than It tollers the To there in years, to my with every Increase wages comes an increase in their ability and the marching f of mighty hosts oi opinion. Is the betterment of the vrillingness to purchase the products workers and the plaudits of admiring condieconomic of labor. The Industries of the coun- friends. To them it Is a commemoration of the worktry flourish best when there la a tion of deeds executed both in the in the interest of ers. through their large and consistent demand for the past and present Is to them and a Just it organizations. humanity;, demand and this of labor, products can best be stimulated hy increased proper recognition of the dignity and Wages have Ins a labor been of honor nation, grateful by . largely hours. and shorter wages tribute to those who have made this creased, while there has been n the greatest nation under the sun. But greater far than the exhibition material redaction in working time, DUE TO ORGANIZATION of the nations '"acknowledgment of rhe eight-hou- r day is in fores in n labors worth is the benefits that the arge number of trades, especially in the building industry and the printlhg Gratifying Success In Struggles for is Postrades,. The Saturday Made and Rights Principles also generally observed. sible Only by the Putting Forth In that term of years, through the of United Strength. efforts of the organized workers,' their standard of living has been greatly Imimportance of the part which proved. Their homes are better furlabor plays In strikes nished and their children better dressmade evident by statistics ised. If there had been no organization, sued hy the department of comconditions would not be what they are merce and labor. The report extends today. ever a period of 25 years and shows The factory lairs have been, imthat of the total number of strikes the lives and limbs of employproved, during that period no less than 69 per es are better protected. Dangerous cent were ordered by organized labor. There la machinery is safeguarded. Not only did the workers order the far closer supervision over factory larger percentage of strikes, but they work. - The. legislature is constantly also succeeded in making a good increasing the force of factory inspeo-tor- s showing... In 48 per cent of the cases and giving the department of lathey won all the demands they made, bor sufficient means to carry on the in is per cent they were partially Condwork in a suitable manner, successful and in 36 per cent failed itions under which men sad women to gala a point work are better; sanitation, ventilaA In the matter of lockouts, on the tion, light and other provisions for other hand, the employers were the comfort of employes have come to In more than 67., per cent with saner architecture and - more f the establishment involved the emwholesome regard for the welfare of ployers came out with flying cdlor -- employes. inning decisive victories. In 11 per day was intended to bring to those .Credit Belongs to Labor Unions. cent they were partially successful to whom the day was dedicated, for Tenement house work is new reguand only failed in 32 per cent of the no person can witness the celebration lated. The houses in which such work cases. of such a day without having a more is done are licensed, insuring clean These statistics and others contain-- , exalted idea of American citizenship and sanitary workrooms.-- 4 ' d in the report are being used as and mere intense feeling of 'patriotism All these advances are due to the itrong arguments in favor of organlzar and Jove of country, and to a country agitation which has been carried on - tioa, because in 56 'per cent of the such as ours with such a heterogene- to recent years hy the labor people disagreements where there was no ous population the instilling of these themselves and social reformers; and union the strikers were Ignominiously sentiments means the' very life by this latter designation I mean per ' sons wbo really, by their works, bare defeated, being successful, and then the nation itself. Labor does not want anything hut ihown themselves vitally interested in only in part, in 43 per cent of these instances. equity and Justice. It shall not be the general welfare xt the people. 1882 until it receives the same, Many church organizations have aided to satisfied from 2S the During years "1906 there were 36,757 strikes and and from the tour quarters of this to ameliorating the coaditlon of work1546 lockouts in the United State great country on this one day there ing people. The total number who went on strike should resound in trumpet tone The With the more cordial relations thus was 6,728,048 and 716531 were locked demand that labor's rights shall be wtatllzhed strike are not so numerout. The dependence of one depart- preserved to accordance with, the lib- ic and iastxsees cf discontent are ment upon the other, however, sweiis erties guaranteed by the magnificent s freest. There is rather Wwcs our nation I i'JL'-7-7 the toCil to 9,173.423 who were Iff I frtffy lxatiea- nuns Cri tXzx : dart: w that r "2 ea account U in-- I r L . de-brii- r clusters of fruit, which the froBt opens, revealing Its crimson 1 ! Celebration of Labors Holiday Cornea aa a Recognition by a Grateful Na' tion to the Men Who Have Made It Great. T all-yea- - DAY FULL OF MEANING sue-cessfu- In certain localities where tha Climate la mild, such crops as parsley, lettuce, radishes and bpeta can be grown during the winter months If provision la made for protecting the plants during the few periods of freezing weather. Thcheapest form of covering is cotton cloth or un bleanched muslin. In other localities, where the climate' Is too severe for growing crops under cloth protection, cheap sash filled with glass are effective. Cheap hotbeds, constructed In long lines with plank sldea, may be profitably employed for forcing vegetables for the market In the neighborhood ..of -- large cities, w here an abundance of manure for heating material may be obtained Take, for instance, parsley. This Is sometimes grown as an crop, or It is grown during the autumn and winter and the land devoted to let-tuce or cucumbers during the spring. The pnrsley seed la sowu ln August or September and the seedlings trans-- ; planted to the frames as soon as they that organized labor should have wn day to review the past year and jlitso plan in advance for the future. It is only thus that even the toilers themselves can realize the wide scope that labor taKes, the variety of its interests and the character of those who maKe up its ranhs. Union labor seems to be passing into a new stage of progress. Its war of independence, its fight for the idea, for existence, is drawing to a close. But as this becomes apparent, it also more clearly appears that union labors chief enemies are within itself. This was true of the American republic and is apparent in America today. Having won our freedom we have to fight our own weaknesses. This fact ought lo be considered by the public, as well as by union men. The union movement has developed evils just as the whole political union has. On a smaller scale it is the same fight, the fight to make an efficient! democracy. Comfortable citizens find it easy to scold union men for not discovering and expelling grafters, for not attending meetings, and for not doing their whole duty. But how about these same faults in themselves? What is needed by us all is a greater sense of our responsibilities and a less selfish disposition to shirk our public duties and our duties to one another. The whole tendency throughout the nation s toward the raising of the condition of labor, the labor-ha- s been coincident with the cheapening of production and rapid extension of foreign markets. . The trade union confers a benefit upon the employer In more ways than one. It sets a price upon the cost of his labor. The union Bays to him: You shall pay at least so much for each man .you employ, and we guar antee that no man competing with you will receive his labor at a lower rate." Each employer, in this way, is guaranteed a wage cost as low as the most favored employer in the trade and district Trade unionism not only Increases the ability of the manufacturer to ever-increasin- I- Great Care Should Be Exercised In Gathering, Packing and Marketing of Vegetables In Order to SecurerFancy- Prices. T is well That (Hy - M. rennington.) The beauty which Is near at hand is often neglected while we prize that which Is denied us we refer to tha beauty and desirability of the Qelastrus, or bitter aw eet vln. This "native 'Climber found in outwoods- and along fences, is one .of the most satisfactory vines that can be grown about the home. It Is an hardy a granite, a quick grower, twining ue cutely about its support afld it is not liable to disease. In the fall, when flowers are scarce. It covers Itself with 1 When home Bitter - Sweet - Vine, is 10f "One of Mott Satisfactory Can Be Grown. Three Acres Devoted to Sash Gardening Is Profitable. and 4 Pathy. Recognition of the union and of union rules proved the stumbling block in many c&Ses, and organized labor lost 43 per cent of the strikes ordered on this account. Sympathetic strikes w ere the mest unsuccessful By JOHN MITCHELL, United Mine Workers. employers and employes 'that their interests are and that .what Is a benefit to one is equally so to the other, then will the labor problem be understood aright It has been repeatedly shown that the advance in wages and the shortening of hours have resulted not in an increase but actually In a decreased cost ofTproduction. In most industries it has been Clearly demonstrated that a workman really .accomplishes more in ten hours of regular work than he formerly accomplished in twelve, and in many instances the reduction of the number of working hours from ten to eight has meant increased production as well as greater profits for the employer. ' Taking the mining Industry, with which I am most familiar, I have, no hesitation in saying that as a result "of the reduction In the number of working hours the output of bituminous coal per miner has largely increased. The same truth, the economy of a short working day, has been made manifest in England, where the reductlonjn .the Jioura of reduction-l- n for beauty. at GROWING TRUCK CROPS plan r j VI .it . 3 f |