Show TILE DRAIN 11 CLAY A SOIL irwi SOs 1 z at INT A 0 2 f A 1 f O s s T ra ii jac S 3 L r 3 I M I arne drained soil untrained u nd rained sa soil I 1 ESS sail won when trains are M fact ii aart part 40 v drained whon when they arf SO feet ee 1 4 pa rt the illustration shown herewith Is from IL 11 bulletin of the ontario department part pait ment of agriculture and shows how the water table of the soil do de venda penda on the location of drains it if in a field that la Is three feet deep a number of holes are dug it would be observed after a heavy rain that in those nearest the drains no water wafer would Ire remain maln in the hole situated halt way between the drains at C would hold considerable water for s few days tn in a clay in fairly good condition it will be found that the slope of the water table la Is about I 1 foot in 25 in loam 1 foot in about 33 3 the illustration represents a clay soil with drains A and rf feet ceet apart wells aredus 12 1 feet apart at the end of 48 hours after a heavy rain the water will stand about as indicated by alg zag za lines in a gradient of chaut 1 in 25 and hence will be two feet deeper in the centre well than at pith or drain hence it the drains are three deft deep there thera will bo be three feet of draynel soil over A and n B but only one foot coot at X capillarity and soil sell resistance to water flow play nn an important part in holding the water highest halt way between the drains and the gradient 1 in 25 represents represent 8 their combined strength in clay hence after this gradient la Is reached drainage becomes very very slow and the water table stands in this irregular shape until lowered by evaporation from the th soil and plants rut but during tho th months of april way slay and some times june when the rains supply at the surface all the water needed for evaporation none la Is drawn from be low tor for this purpose hence during the early months of growth the water stands as indicated by tho the dotted line consequently root development la Is hampered at X as I 1 foot of soli soil it Is not enough there are two ways to tc remedy the defect either to dig A and 11 deeper or else put a drain crali at C halt way between |