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Show CS plowing In the Fall, not believe that plowing fall can be recommended soils and localities, but It should be more do believe by all farm practiced fanerally than It Is.' I always do all of the I possibly can, eill plowing that I to put In corn asily where Intend e coming spring. If sod Is turned uder In the fall the amount of plant for the (j0d will be greatly Increased summer. also I next have the tjop l0tlced that there are not as many and cornroot cutworms, grubworms were ,ortn8 the next spring as there before if the ground is ,he spring Every pest that plowed In the fall. It die farmer can get rid of be knows to do so. The to be for bis own good surface of fall plowed ground Is drier tbe spring at planting time than farm-ground not bo treated and some might think that It does not con-nas much moisture, but I find that Tbe rainfall Is enabled to It does. which allbetter penetrate tbe sub-soow! the surface of fall plowed ground io dry more rapidly. If you have not eiperienced fall plowing, try It, and ;oa will find that fall plowed ground bu a drier surface and contains more moisture at planting time In the spring which has not been dun ground I believe in local! plowed In the fall. ties where there Is much rain during tbe winter. It Is better not to harrow tbe fall plowed ground In the autumn, especially where there are fine clay toili that run together and pack down. If we have a dry summer we will find that fall plowed ground will yield better crops than spring plowed S. Underwood, Johnson pound. J. t a i ey to lr jei tv? dr Tt, 1 ihon do tbe gu il il 0 HI, In Co, Food of Farmers Review. Root-Tubercl- e Bacteria. our scientists know but little regarding the great world of bacteria that has been opened to us in this We have supposed generation. Jut (he tubercles on the roots of podtheir bearing plants were1 supplied iltrogen by the bacteria, which took from the earth and from the air, I Then lime has been added to soils, Ike bacteria have in many cases been I sore vigorous, but this was judged to lie due to tbe neutralization of acid by lie lime. It may be, however, that rbese bacteria actually use lime and iiagne8lum..as a part of tbelr food. A IFrench protessor, H. Flamand, baa been making some experiments in tbe .erelopment of tubercles with waiter cultures. The different kinds of plants behaved very differently. Thus, vetches refused to I produce tubercles, unless they were As yet It I applied with magnesium, while both hetebes and beans showed they must I either lime or. magnesium if they to produce tubercles. Potash alts and lime salts stimulated the development of the root tubercles. Now the question is, do the bacteria these elements for food?. lave were re v tii U Scales on the Farm. far as possible, farming operations should be reduced to an exact science. The old ways of feeding by lueas and even buying and selling by guess should give way to weighing and In the measuring everything. feeding of grains and ground grains, tales rather than measures should be depended upon. Different kinds of Fains vary greatly in their weight, ud if a man tries to measure them oot he Is sure to give more at one time than at another. Some of the brans on the market differ exceeding-IIn this respect Some of them are light, being hardly more than the bull of the wheat while others are tolte heavy and consist largely of If a man has scales, he nlddllngs. can very easily feed about the same mount of food each day, and therefore become better Informed as to the fwjuiKtte food required to produce a certain efTect. Scales can now be bought at a very low price, and a few dollars Invested In scales will give ood returns Indirectly for many So ? IV 01 fears to come. Vitality of Seed. practice of sprouting seed bewen layers or blotting pap docs not give absolutely arcu die results, except to show whi fer cent of the seed will germli hoder those conditions. If a 1 of seed be divided Into two portion d one lot be placed between sheei of met blotting paper and the other t actually placed In the ground, the la r lot win show a much smaller pe centage of germination than the otl r. It la one thing for a need to sprot Oder Ideal conditions; it la quite ai otocr for seed to sprout under b.u Oondltlona, which obtain frequent! seeds are covered wit nd are put ,n al dlpth The Sewage Farm. countries of Europe cities are disposing of tl doge by means of sewage far Iorl of the sewage t. In of disposed results are excellent, th!m lty 8 80 Ffmllly available 8 cf P'snts that some of the i , Produce three crops of c thi.nRHr'.n truck per year. S ir? ''tuce grow well and sen Thcr Is no prejudlre aga trogetables because they n." lP sewage farms. It wai ofraldoVsl 1,181 PPle would iL0 germs, but the c K8,or untilile to o germs In the product n many Fruit Trees and Mice. Every winter in some parts of the country great losses are experienced In the orchards by the ravages of mice. It is not unusual to take up a report from a state of the United States, or province of Canada and find numerous reports of the great havoc wrought by mice. We noticed a while sgo a report from the province of Ontario. Among the reports were these, which wpre characteristic: From Glengary; "Thousands of fruit trees have been ruined by mice. From Carleton: "Oil fruit trees are in fine condition, but young orchards have been almost destroyed by field mice." From Parry Sound: "Mice were very destructive last winter and did & lot of damage to young fruit trees. From Dulterin: Fruit trees were badly peeled by mice during the winter." We might repeat numerous other reports of tne same general character. Reports secured from various northern states of the Union frequently have a like tenor. Losses f.om mice always occur on young trees, generally trees that are one or two years old. These little creatures can do a very great amount of damage because it requires but a very small damage to any one tree to kill It. The mice simply gnaw entirely around a tree at the snow line. They are after the young bark to satisfy their hunger. The space gnawed may not be more than an inch wide, but it means the doom of the tree. It is no wonder then that a whole orchard Is sometimes wiped out in a single year by these young rodents. They are especially dangerous where straw or corn stalks have been placed around trees, as this makes a hiding place for the mice. Corn stalks are frequently put around trees to protect d them from in winter. Tbe trees are saved from this injury, but Instead are destroyed by tbe mice. Where mice are troublesome, the best way Is to destroy all their hiding places, in the orchards and adjoining fields. In the west we have few stone walls to act as protectors of the mice, and it Is easier to prevent their ravages than In the eastern states where every farm orchard Is protected on some side by a stone wall. Where the hiding places cannot be destroyed, some kind of tree protector will have to be used. One of the best of these Is a shield made of laths bound together by wire. This Is sunk into the ground around the tree before the soil freezes bard in tbe fall. Tbe wire lath shield Is inexpensive, and any man can make It. The wires are simply crossed between each two laths, and the spaces between any two laths must not be large enough to permit the rodents to cut through. We would like to hear from our readers as to their methods of protecting their orchards against mice. sun-scal- Transpiration of Trees. The transpiration of trees is the process of the tree taking the water up by its roots, passing It up through the trunk and branches and into the leaves, and evaporating It Into the atmosphere. The amount of water thus transpired by trees is very gre .L Even the ordinary tree thus uses s barrels of water every day. There are many problems connected with this process that are only being studied and have net been solved. One of these is the p.wer of trees to resist drouth. It would naturally be assumed that the tree that uses the least water can stand drouth the best. The actual tests of the matter, however, do not carry out this theory One Russian experimenter found that while a maple tree was transpiring 289 pounds of water, as ash tree, from the same surface, transpired 399 pounds, 110 pounds more than tbe other. This was approximately 30 per cent. It Is known, however, that ash trees stand dronth far better than maples. Groves of ash trees and maple trees that came under the observation of this Russian experimenter were subjected to very severe drouth conditions in the fall of 1902 and tbe spring of 1903. Nearly all of the maples died, while the ash trees continued their existence and developed normally during tbe summer and rail of 1903. This Is of great Importance to people living In the semi arid districts. For some reason tbe trees using the greater amount of water are able to get that water from greater depths In the soil, and are able to hold up the cellular structure of the loaf with a less amount of water than others. Jumes Gordon, Anderson Co., Has. al Brooder Houses. for a should bestial A person before time going considerable Into the construction of a brooder to. sink It Is very easy house. M'verat hundred dollars In such an ennd the Interest on such a terprise, sum la a matter that will weigh heavIf the money ily as the years go by, Is borrowed. In the neighborhood of Chicago there aro several small poul1700 to 11.0'iD try farms where from has been put Into brooder houses. In somo cases the people have tried one cnr to do something wlih broilers brood-e- r and have given It up. If a big must owner the keep built, house is on using It cnr after year till he finds out how to make a profit out of It. A little brooder house Is hnrd to for. as It has to be heated b) more steam, and the smaller it Is the foot expensive Is the hrallng per ruble ar-isn- of since. National League News. Catcher Harry Smith has joined the will be taken back and played If his name can be removed from the black Catcher Eddie Phelps expects to play ball at least fifteen years more. The New York club has secured Pitcher Carter from the Syracuse club. Inflelder Charles Babb and Pitcher Mitchell have been released by Brooklyn. The Brooklyn club has signed Pitcher Pastorlus of Albany for 1905-0at his terms. Ted Sullivan is reported as having signed Pitcher Druhot of Bellingham for Cincinnati. Reulbach attributes a modestly large share of his success to Frank Chances coaching. Report has it that Inflelder Hoffman has been loaned by Chicago to tbe Portland club of the Pacific Coast league. Des Moines outfielder, Bob Ganley, joined the Plttsburgs on the 30th. The Haverhill outfielder, Wallace, was thereupon released.- Treasurer Stanley Robison of St. Louis Is looking over the players in the outlaw league with a view to signing some of the best. President Farrell of the New York league says Cincinnati picked up a promising lad in Pitcher Vowinkel. He also speaks well of Outfielder Siegel. Tbe Pittsburg club has purchased the release of Steamer" Flanagan, outfielder for Springfield, and the leadof the Connectibatsman ing cut league. Pitcher Reulbach slept nearly all of the day succeeding the great twenty-inning game. He actually lost seven pounds of flesh in that long battle. Pitcher Edward Barry, who was sold by Decatur to Boston Americans for 750, joined the Bostons at Chicago Aug. 25, President Taylor giving $500 extra to have Barry Join before the end of league season. Not a week has passed this season without some new faces In the Peoria line-up- . More than sixty , players have been used, and still the management ,1s Just as Industriously and apparently Just as hopelessly engaged in hiring new talent and releasing Pirates. list. 6 Western League. The St. Louis American Club has bought third baseman Roy Hartzoll from Denver. Second baseman Frank Martin, after a quarrel with Manager Rourke, has quit the Obama team. Des Moines has signed pitcher Julius Crangle. He played independent ball In Iowa for a time. ;The Pittsburg Club has secured outfielder Bob Ganley from the Des Moines Club,,and he has been ordered to report at onew. St. Joseph Is dickering for Bayless and Durkin, of the Joplin team, but the 'management refuses to sell them until the season doses. 'Tommy Hess, who caught last year, has had more, than his share of hard He has been in thS luck this sywson. time. of most the hospital Jack Shea, the Fremont catcher. Is doing well with Sioux City and has made a decided hit with the fans there He Is an expert on foul flies. Herman Long, who Is now managing the Des Moines team, announces that this Is his last year In base ball. H has an opportunity to go in businest in Chicago. Much has been said about the rela Tri-Stat- e ... . Chlcago-Philadelphl- American League Notea. Cleveland has purchased Third Louis Barbeau from Columbus. Manager Collins denies having pur- ROXY WALTERS, ONE OF'THE THREE-I- . LEAGUE STARS. (teles was fixed nnd much credence 1 given the story. Hanlon, Fitzgerald and Spider Kelley, manager of Hanlon, are the other three said to have Sir Ernest Cochrane of Dublin de- been In on the deal, and the report nies that he has any Intcu.lcn of chal- credits the quartet with cleaning up cup, as re- several thousand dollars. Fitzgeralds lenging for the Amerb-rmanager, Johnnie Reed, is said to ported!. The Boston America' sill have at have forced him to divide his share least seven new men ' fry out next of the proceeds. clever first spring. Among the re. baseman. The final stage of th international foursome for $1,000 a side between i'j Harry Vardon and J. H. Taylor. Eng-Is- h deWhitmore Lake, Mlrh., has been and James golf professionals, Braid and Alexander Herd, Scotlands cided upon as the place for the Michifootball team to do Its prelimineadtng champions, resulted in a vic- gan ary training. tory for England by 13 up and 12 to The British Pilgrims Association play. team won easily In their first football American Frank Kramer won the international match with an all Monhalf-milprofessional championship at Vallsburg (N. J.) cycle track, after treal team at association football. a hard struggle with Iver Lawson. They defeated the Canadians by a Kramer's victory put him buck at tbe score of 5 goals to 0. The Iowa state games committee head of the list, tawson had a half-mil- e match race with Fenn, whom he barred R. E. Jansen, the star quarter back last year of the Iowa state coldefeated In straight heats. The Wimbledon cup match, one of lege at Ames, from participation in the most Important of the tourna Intercollegiate athletics for one year. ment under the auspices of the Na- Jansen admitted playing professional tional Rifle Association, was won by baseball before he entered college. First Lieutenant Tewes of the First New Jersey Infantry. The score was DODD 616 out of a possible 600. The team of the Second New Jersey Infantry had second place, with a total of 511. John A. Drake says Ort Wells has W.. E. Schutt, formerly of Cornell broken down and will not be tralhed and now a student at Oxford unlvers. any more. lty. Is endeavoring to arrange a dual At St. Minn., Sept, 4, Dan track meet between Cornell and Ox- Patch, 1:56,Paul, made an attempt, to beat to ford. He desires have It take hts record. With a running horse as place next summer while the Oxford the circuit in he made and Cambridge athletes are in this pacemaker Time by quarters, ;30. 1:00, 1:59',4. country for the International meet 1:59', 4. with Harvard and Yale. No details 1:29, The day of the grand ciropening have been worked out. nnd It Is not cuit races at Charter O.ik, Hartford known whether the Oxford athletes was marred by the death of Conn., will undertake the meet, although SHdie Mac, the Canadian queen, which there is a strong sentiment in favor dropped dead In the fourth heat of of It. the $10,000 Charter Oak tret, the classic event of the meet. She fell about 200 yards from the finish, when making a desperate effort to regain a lead which she gallantly held nntll roundAt Atlantic City, N. J., Sept, 5, Hen- ing the last, turn. At Pittsburg, Pa., Sep:. 8. the track ry Ford drove his automobile a mile against time, making the distance in tecord for trotting was broken twice, 88 35 seconds. A. I,. Campbell's ex- - and the world's pacing record In a e UD0U0DD0 Big league magnates are watching this young, mans work. He has been playing second base for the Bloomington team and Is one of the youngest and best built players In the league. He is 23 years old. A throwing arm and a fine hatting eye are his distinctive points. While in condition this year he batted .425 BATLING NELSON, VICTOR OVER JIMMY games. But a broken finger and later an attack of sickness put him out of the game. Hts home Is in Watertown, Wis. He started playing professionally In Ashland, Wis., was with Decatur two years and then signed with Bloomington. in ased Catcher Butler of Kansas City. The SL Louis club has purchased itrd Baseman Roy Hartsell from tbe ;nver club. In spite of his long Umpire m Hurst Is still able to band a few marks to the players. Louisvilles star catcher, Alfred iaw, has been purchased by Boston, addition to Outfielder Clay. Dave Fultz Is going to begin the actlce of law this fall and will play lay-of- twenty-fiv- e tlve merits of Hertzcll and Shlpke, the two star third baseman, of the Western league. Both men are remarkably clever ball players. f, more professional baseball. The Cleveland club has turned Itchers Jack Halla and caarles Jackin over to Milwaukee for balance of 'ason. The Chicago White Sox have pitchers on the pay-ro- first-clas- s sev-- i ll Pat-rsoAltrock, Owens, Walsh, Smith, White and Callahan. William Goods, New Yorks new n. pitcher, stands 5 feet 11 ichcs and In condition weighs 170 junds. He lives in Leetsdale, Pa. Frank Donnelly, the best Judge of . ayers In tbe Tbree-I- league, says tat Bostons new man, Godwin, Is a and player and fast enough r any team In the business. The two young pitchers, Ed Barry Decatur and Edward Hughes of avenport. Joined the Boston team In te West. This Hughes Is a brother Tom." I Washingtons g d American Association. Joe Cantlllon says he will stick to Milwaukee next season. President Bryce of the Columbus club Is out again after a severe Illness. Umpire Steve Kane of this league Is said to be slated for a position on the National league staff of umpires. The Ixuilsvllle club has soid Outfielder Fred Clay to the Boston AmerTwo other American ican club. league clubs are negotiating for pitchers Kenna and Stecher. President George E. Lennon of the SL Taul club announced that he has sold Fielder Phil Geler and Third Baseman Eddie Wheeler to the Philadelphia American league club, just to be "burled for the winter. The strongest infield that could be picked from the American association, according to an expert who has witnessed the games In that league this Freeman, first 'season, would be: base; Marcan, second base; Morlar-lty- , third base, and O'Brien, shortstop ! Three-I- . League. club has sold Pitcher Decatur 'he s itbe, the Milwaukee hoy, to the club for $300 cash. he Boston club has purchased N'a-i- s cher Michael O'Toole from the club of the New England league, 'resident Keeley of the Dubuque oust-frob denies that Dubuque will be Intends the league. Dubuque stick. 'he gptlngflcld club has released cher Rothertnel outright, and has I Buttser and Weinberger to Min-- i Co-lbu- polls. resident Holland has accepted the West-an- d Ignatlon of Umpire Charles appointed Patrick Flarety of Louis as his successor, has sold William lock Island two for years shortstop with eeney, local club. Dave Milligan of the aton team hat been signed to take place. :he St. Louis American league team endeavoring to buy the release of cher Swalm from Dubuque for $759. e management refuses to sell Mm less than $1,000. )nt fielder Egolf. from the SL Louis alley league, waa tried by Peoria "Indiana" Wilson ! found wanting. Central League. Waller Wheelock, pitcher for encounter. hlbltlon mile was covered in 45 seconds. Ford and Campbell failed In the last attempt to break automobile records on the Atlantic City course, the bbst time being 38.2 seconds, made by Campbell. Ford's best time was 39.1 seconds. Walter Christie did not appear on account of a break In the machinery of his car.. No further attempt will be made to beat the record BoaiaQ gantry of Milwaukee beat Jack Ryan of Chicago badly in a ten round go at Kalamazoo, Mich, Ryan's second throwing up the sponge In the seventh. Ryan took the count rev peatedly. won a deof Chicago Herman "Kid cisive victory over Tommy Mowatt the Grnnd Rapids, Mich, Athletic club. Mowatt led for the first two founds, seeming to know that If h won at all it would be in the early round. Herman w the cleverer, however. of retired Angele admirer Heavyweight Champion Janie J. Jeffrie are booming him to succeed to the position of chief of police. Jeffries friend are working earnestly and should be consent to run doubtless ho would be a strong factor In the be-fo- re Can- ton, has been appointed umpire. Inflelder Austin and out fielder Pickett. of Dayton, will be with Minneapolis next season. Osteen, of Springfield, leads Ihe Central league hatters; Connors Is second and Jimmy Ryan Is third. Manager Dennis released Asher and Dunbar last week In order to cut down expenses for the rest of the season. Ganzel Is after Ostdlck. of Canton He Is free to go where he chooses after this season. Meyers will make an attempt to retain him. Ostdlek I considered one of the test burks'ops In this league. Manager Jimmy It) an of Evansville, ha received notice front Secretary J II. Farrell, of the Natlonnl Association, authorizing' him to pitch lcrry Wilder In the Central League, although he will not be allowed to sign him. Southern Ltagus. Pitcher Decker, of Little Rock, hag retired for the season owing to malaria. Th Atlanta Club has released Smiley Anderson to Birmingham, wolf Shea to Jacksonville, and Indefinitely suspended pitcher C. Smith for Ir.dl! ferent work and lack of condition BRITT. In the eighteenth round of the battle at Colma Cal., which was scheduled for forty-fiv- e rounds, BaU'.ng Nelson disposed of JamcB Edward Britt, and he did It decisively and Impressively. From the first gong he was after bis man. never relenting, never relaxing A half dozen times before the end he had the native son beaten Into a condition of grogginess from which only the gong brought him relief. There were rounds In which tbs Californian took the lead, but they were rounds In which the HegCwdsch lad was resting, wearing down his man by continued pursuit, looking ever to grasp the opportunity that be knew would come. To .ihe end Britt was game; he went down to defeat fighting desperately; hut the entire affair Is summed up In the statement that the man who took the lightweight erown from Young Corbett was outfought from beginning to end of the won-derf- ' WTO 0 rare. Marvin Hart, the pugilist, Is to hook up In a business with Tommy Ryan, claimant of the middleweight championship. and lour the country and Ryan will have give exhibition. charge of Hart's training. Hurt tips the beam at 218 pound, and he I getting heavier and stronger every day. Willie Lewi) of New York scored a decided victory over Jark O'Keefe of Chicago at Fulrvlcw In the open air boxing show with which the Michigan Athletic club Inaugurated It season. Though the bout went the full distance, fifteen rounds. Lewis scored a lead In the fir (period, which he all but made the last, and held D to the end. Reports are In circulation that theat Los AnHanlon Fitzgerald Ugh race to wagon was equaled. Morning Star, C. K. O. Billings' entry In the free for all pace, did better than ever before, equalling the world's record In a pacing race to wagon. of .2:04 The record was mftde by Angus Pointer, the Billings gelding, at the Memphis meet lust fall. Major Delmar, the trotting king, scheduled to lower the track record of 2:08 held by Dr. Driven by Strong, succeeded. and accompanied by Doc Tanner with a runner, the gelding turned the mile In 2:06. Brought out for a half-milattempt, he made the half-miIn one minute fiat. Dev-ern- e le ion hid podd W. K. Yanderbilt'a Malta won the Irlx Plate Bande at the St. Cloud, France, race. In order to bring about a race between Sysonby, Artful and Hamburg Belle, the three greatest racehorses of the season, I'hllp J. Dwyer, president of the Brooklyn Jockey club, announced he would add $10, out) to any sweepstake that the owners might decide upon If the contest look place at the romtng meeting at 'the Gravesend track. Amid the cheer of 25,000 person d James R. Keene' champion colt Sysonby easily captured the annual Champion stake of $25,000 at Shoepshend Day Sept. 9. His tlmo for the distance, two nnd a quarter miles, was 3:54 fiat, which is but of a second slower than two fifth the track record made by Igniter In 1903. Including share of the annual Champion won by Sysonby, which was $22,0i!0, James It. Keene's horses till1 yesr have cleaned up $213,050 In stakes and purses, which Is the highest amount curncd by a stable here In a number of years. Of this amount Sysonby won $142,830, and this showing makes Janie Rowe prnetlcully the star trainer of the season, ul though the horse sent to the post by Jark Joyner have won $139, non. ot $110,000 for Sydney Taget and $29,000 for August Belmont. The Whitney stable, trained by John W. Rogers, has earned about flooutO. three-year-ol- |