Show ROOSEVELT SPEAKS BEFORE NOBEL PRIZE COMMITTEE Lecture on International Peace Is Delivered in Ways Ways in Which the Cause May Be Advanced Are Set Forth I I International Peace was the fitting topic selected b by Col Theodore Roosevelt for his lecture before be- be fore forC the Nobel prize committee which was delivered here Thursday A largo large and distinguished audience listened to the man to whom was awarded the I Nobel peace prize for bringing about peace between Japan and Russia Mr Roosevelt said Need of Industrial Peace It is with peculiar pleasure that I stand here today to express the deep appreciation I feel of the high honor conferred upon me mo by the presentation presenta presenta- tion of the Nobel peace prize The gold medal which formed part of the prize I shall always keep and I shall hand it on to my children as a precious heirloom The sum of ot money provided as part of the prize by the wise generosity generosity generosity gen gen- of the illustrious founder of ot this world-famous world prize e system I did not under the peculiar circumstances of the case feel at liberty to keep J I think it eminently just and proper that in most cases the recipient of the prize should keep for his bis own use the prize In Its entirety But in this case while I did not act officially as president of the United States it was nevertheless only because I was president president president pres pres- ident that I was enabled to act at all and I felt feIt that the money must be bl considered as having been given me mein mein men in n trust for the United States I therefore therefore therefore there there- fore used it as a nucleus for a foundation foundation foundation tion to forward the cause of industrial industrial industrial indus indus- trial peace as being well within the general purpose of your committee for in our complex industrial civilization civilization civilization tion of today the peace of righteousness righteous righteous- ness and justice the only kind of peace worth having is at least as necessary in inthe the industrial world as asIt asIt asit It is among nations There is at least as much need to curb the cruel greed and arrogance of part of the world of capital to curb the cruel greed and violence of part of the world of labor as to check a cruel and unhealthy militarism in international international international relationships When Peace May Be Evil We must ever bear in mind that tho the great end in view Is righteousness justice as between man and man nation nation nation na na- na- na tion and nation the chance to lead our lives on a somewhat higher level with a broader spirit of brotherly good goodwill goodwill goodwill will one for another Peace is generally generally generally gen gen- good in itself but it is never the highest good unless it comes as the handmaid of righteousness and It becomes a very evil thing if it serves mere merely as a mask for cowardice and sloth or as an instrument to further the ends of despotism or anarchy We despise and abhor the bully the brawler the oppressor whether In private or public life but we despise no less the coward and the voluptuary ary No man is worth calling a man who will not fight rather than submit to infamy or see those that are dear to him suffer wrong No nation deserves deserves de de- serves to exist if it permits itself to lose the stern and virile virtues and this without regard to whether the loss is due to the growth of a heartless heartless heartless heart heart- less and all-absorbing all commercialism to prolonged indulgence in luxury and soft effortless ease or to the deification deification deification tion of a warped and twisted senti senti- mentality Moreover and above all let us remember remember remember re re- re- re member that words count only when they give expression to deeds or are areto areto areto to be translated into them The leaders leaders leaders lead lead- ers of the Red Terror prattled of peace while they steeped their hands bands in the blood of the innocent and many a tyrant has called it peace when he has scourged honest protest Into silence Our words must be judged by our deeds and in striving for a lofty Ideal we must use practical practical practical methods and if it we cannot attain attain at at- tam tain all at one leap we must advance towards it step by step reasonably content so long as we do actually make some Bome progress in the right di dl- Now having fre freely frely ly admitted the limitations to our work and the qualIfications qualifications qualifications to be borne In mind I feel that I have the right to have my words taken seriously when I point out where in my judgment great advance advance ad ad- vance can be made in the cause of ot International In In- peace I speak as a practical practical practical man and whatever I now advocate advocate advocate cate I actually tried to do when I was for the tho time being the head hoad of a great I nation and keenly Jealous of its ils honor honor hon hon- or and Interest I ask other nations to do only what I should be glad to see my own nation do Treaties of Arbitration The advance can be made along several lines First of all there can be treaties of arbitration There are of course couise states so backward that a civilized community ought not to enter enter enter en en- ter Into an arbitration treaty with th them m at least until we have gone much farther than at present In securing securing securing se se- se- se curing some kind of international police police police po po- po- po lice action But all really civilized communities should have effective arbitration arbitration ar ar- ar- ar treaties among themselves I believe that these treaties can cover almost all questions liable to arise between between be be- tween t such nations If they are drawn with the explicit agreement that each party will respect the oth oth- ers er's territory and absolute sovereignty within that territory and the equally explicit agreement that aside from the very rare cases where the nations nation's honor is vitally concerned all aU other possible subjects of controversy will willbe be submitted to arbitration Such a treaty should insure peace until one party deliberately violated it Of course as yet et there is no adequate safeguard against such deliberate violation violation vio vie lation but the establishment of a sufficient clent number of these treaties would go a long way towards creating a world opinion which would finally find expression In the provision of methods to forbid or punish any such violation Work of Hague Tribunal Secondly there is the further development development de de- de of ot The Hague tribunal of ot the work of ot the conferences and courts at The Hague It has been well said that the first Hague conference framed a Magna l Charta for the nations nations nations na na- na- na it set before us an Ideal which has bas already to some extent been realIzed realIzed real- real ired and towards the full fuU realization of ot which we can all aU steadily strive The second conference made further I progress the third should do yet more Meanwhile the American government gov has more than once tentatively tentatively tenta tenta- suggested methods for completing com corn the court of arbitral Justice constituted at the second Hague conference conference con con- ference and for rendering it effective It is earnestly to be hoped that the various governments of Europe working working work work- ing with those of America and of Asia shall set themselves seriously to the task of devising some method which shall accomplish this result If It ItI I may venture the suggestion it would be well for the statesmen of ot the world in planning for the erection of this his world court to study what has been done in the United States b by the Supreme court I cannot help think- think in ns that the Constitution of the United United United Uni Uni- ted States notably in the establishment establishment establish establish- ment of the Supreme court and in the methods adopted for securing peace and good relations among and between be be- tween the different states offers cerain cere tam ain tain valuable analogies to what should be striven for In order to secure through The Hague courts and conferences confer conter- a species of world federation for international peace and Justice There are of course fundamental differences dir dif between what the United States Constitution does and what we should ever attempt at this time to secure at The Hague but the methods meth meth- adopted in the American Constitution to prevent hostilities between the he states and to secure the supremacy acy of the federal court In certain classes lasses of cases are well worth the study of those who seek at The Hague to obtain the same result on a world scale Undue Growth of Armaments In the third place something should be done as soon as possible to check the growth of armaments especially naval armaments b by international agreement No one power could or should ac act by itself for tor its is eminently eminent eminent- ly undesirable from the standpoint of the peace of righteousness that a power which really does believe in peace should place Itself at the mercy of some rival which may at bottom have bave no such belief beliet and no intention of acting on it But granted anted sincerity sincerity sin sin- of purpose the great powers of ot the world should find no insurmountable able difficulty in reaching an agreement agreement agreement agree agree- ment which would put an end to the present costly and growing extravagance extravagance gance of expenditure on naval arma arma- meats ments An agreement merely to limit the size of the ships would have been very useful a few years ago and would still be of use but the agreement should go much further Finally it would be a master masterstroke stroke if ir those great powers honestly bent on pe peace ce would form a league of peace peace not only to keep the peace among I themselves but to prevent by force i it if necessary its being broken by others The supreme difficulty In connection with developing the peace work o of The Hague arises from the lack of any executive power of any police power to enforce the decree of ot the court In any community of any size the authority authority au au- au of the courts rests upon actual or potential force on the existence of ofa a poli police e or on the knowledge that the bodied able men of ot the country are both ready and willing to see that he the decrees of judicial and legislative bodies are put into effect In new and wild communities where there Is yb- yb lence an honest man must protect himself and until other means of securing se se- curing curinE his safety are devised it Is both foolish and wicked to persuade him to surrender his arms while the themen themen themen men who are arc dangerous to the community com com- retain theirs He Ho should no not renounce the right to protect himself himsel by his own efforts until the community community is so organized that it can lively relieve the individual of the duty of putting down violence So i It ItIs itis is with nations Each nation mus must keep leep well prepared to to defend Itself Until until un Un- til the establishment of some form of ot international police power competent compe comp tent and willing to prevent violence a between m nations |