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Show .- saWa-- . i ttZtAfzp . A vy- .'Li-'--- - : b- frrr--- " i , --l.' icn u n . . 'WfWG ' - i ...... , The above photograph showa C. A. Lehman, a teacher In the Long Bsach (Calif.) schools and the marvelous collection of locomotive models he has made. Starting with the model of Tom Thumb of 1828 used by the Baltimore A Ohio, the models are as follows. Ds Witt Clinton, built for the Mohawk A Hudson In 1831; Pioneer, first engine used by the Chicago A Northwestern In 1848; typical locomotive of 1850; Falcon, Central Paclflo engine which met the Union Paclflo No. 110 In Utah In 1869; fast passenger type of 1880; passenger type of 1895; Atlantic type used by the Pennsylvania In 1905; heavy Paclflo type of 1910; d locomotive of 1918, and the latest three-cylind- passenger Union Paclflo which has a speed of 80 miles an hour. trial. Accordingly they offered a prize of $4,000 for the best engine which should be delivered to them for trial, by June 1, 1831, and a prize of $.1,500 for the second best engine. The winner of the competition was a watchmaker named Phlneas Davis of York, Pa. He called his loco-motive the York. But the B. 4 O. men, because of Its appearance, called It the grasshopper. An-other engine which Davig built for the Baltimore St Ohio, similar to the York, was called the Trav-eller and It has the distinction of being the first used for freight service. Among the other historical "firsts" should be listed the Charleston A Hamburg railroad, chartered by South Carolina In 1829, which from Its beginning was planned for the use of steam power. So to It rather than to the Baltimore A Ohio, goes the honor of being the first railroad In America constructed for steam. In 1830 this railroad contracted with the West Point foundry of New York city for a steam locomotive capable of making the astonishing speed of 10 miles an hour. This engine was called at first The Best Friend of Charleston, but It was usually referred to more briefly as The Best Friend. It had Its first trial In November, 1830, and promptly rnn off the track. After some changes had been made It proved able to make 80 miles an hour without a load and 21 miles an hour when pulling four loaded passenger cars. It was put Into service In January, 1831, and in June of that year It figured In the first locomotive accident, In America. Its fireman was a negro who did not like the sound of steam escaping from the safety valve. ' So he sat on the valve, whereupon the boiler promptly blew up, breaking the negro's thigh and teaching him some things that be had never before sus-pected about the power of steam. To avoid a re-currence of such accidents the Charleston A Ham-- - burg railroad, when It put Its second locomotive, the West Point, Into service, placed between the locomotive and the passenger coaches a car plied with cotton bales and another occupied by a ne-gro brass band. The theory was that the music would tend fo divert the passengers' minds from the possibility of an explosion and If an explosion did occur the cotton balea and the negroes-wo- uld get the benefit of the blast The next famous "iron horse" to make Its ap-pearance Is described In the "Pageant" narrative as follows: Under a charter granted by the New Tork legis- lature In 1820. the Mohawk Hudson Railroad company buflt In 1S31 Its original Una from to Albany Schenectady, a distance of about 17 miles, the primary link In the present New York Central system. The road was at first operated with horse-draw- n cars, but tha auccess of the aouthern railroad with locomotives, led to tha ordering front tha West Point foundry In April, 1131, of a loco-motive to which was given the name of the la Witt Clinton. The first public trial of the engine, pulling a train of cars, was on August , 1831. Tha angina employed wood fuel and tha passengers war showered with sparks from the stack, so that some had their clothing burned In spots, while By ELMO 8COTT WAT80N 'af A HE Iron horse" Is 100 years old. On August 8, 0 and 10 the citizens If of Honesdule, Pa., will Observe Its k J birthday with a celebration com- - " memoratlng the first successful op-- nT""lt1S'M eratlon ' steam-drive- n locomo-- H "v 00 lhe 'est,'rn Hemisphere, gCs-fcr- The locomotive was the Stour- - iL ' Drtd8a Llon-- 11 wa Duilt ln land and shipped to this country f In February, 1829, as the property ; of the Delaware A Hudson Canal company, and on August 8 It was put Into opera-tion on a three-mil- e stretch of track near the cene of the company's operations at Honesdale. i The first trial run of the locomotive demon? ' trated conclusively that steam transportation was practical and that the Lion would operate, but officials of the company found that the wood-en rails, covered with a thin strip of Iron, could not stand heavy duty and the Lion was never used for practical work. But even though the Linn was not kept In service, to Its trial trip belongs the honor of be-ing the first time a practicable locomotive ran upon a permanent railroad track ln America and to Horatio Allen, who operated It, goes the dis-tinction of being the first American locomotive engineer. So at the Honesdale celebration a mon-ument to the locomotive will be dedicated and a transportation parade, depicting all modes of travel from oxcart to airplane will be held. The development of railroads In the United States Is another story of American magic. From those three miles of track near Honesdale has grown a network of nearly 250,000 miles of steel rails which penetrate to every part of the coun-try. The progeny of this first "iron horse" now number more than 70,000, Whereas their ances-tor weighed only 8 tons and puffed along at the rate of three or four miles an hour, some of these "colts' are giants, weighing more than 800 tons and they roar across the country at the rate of 80 miles an hour. A century is a comparatively short time ln the history of a nation, yet the past 100 years of railroad history ln the United States has seen such marvelous changes as to make Its story sound like a tale from the Arabian Nights. - To appreciate fully Its marvels, we must turn to the early days of railroading and in the vol-ume "The March of Commerce" In the "Pageant ; of America" series, published by the Yale Uni-versity Press, one may read the following luter- - estlng account of the "Iron horse's" beginnings: ; . For fifty years after Watt gave tha world hla steam angina ln 1771 other tnventora toyed with the Idea of making a steam engine move Itself. Among Americana who experimented with steam road wagona or steam locomotives wera Oliver Evans, Benjamin Dearborn and John Stevens. Many British inventors, Including Richard Trevlthlck, , also experimented with the problem. Tha weakness In ail their machines waa that they could not pro-duce steam aa rapidly as they used It, nor did their anginas have enough power to move quickly or to pull more than their own weight In 182) tha progress of British Invention Justi-fied a competitive trial beld by tha Liverpool & Manchester Railway. At thla test the Rocket, an angina Invented by George and Robert Stephen-son, father and son, was tha victor. The Rocket combined two featurea which enabled It to elimi-nate the faults of Its predecessors and competitors; It had a tubular boiler and a forced draft Steph-enson's boiler exposed the maximum of heating surface to tha burning fuel, and tha forced draft occasioned by turning tha exhaust steam from tha cylinders Into tha atack fanned a fire fierce enough to produce steam faater than It waa used. Thus, although Stephenson alona la not to ba credited with tha Invention of tha locomotive, ha was re- - sponsible for setting forth a practicable combine. tlon of known principles by which for tha first 'time the machine desired by other Inventors was .ob.ta.ined. Coasequently his fame la deaerved. With tha winning of tha Liverpool A Manchester railway priae of 500 pounds, Steph-enson became, and for tha rest of his life remained, the most successful locomotive builder ln Great Britain and all Europe. Our Interest ln this English Inventor lies In the - fact that It waa an Engllsh-niad- e locomotive, rather than an American product, which made the historic run whose centennial Is being cele-brated in Pennsylvania this year. The "Pageant" narrative continues: English er.slnea cama to America through tha aotlon of the proprietors of the CarbonSale rail-road, tha coal tramway of the Delaware Hud-ao- n Canal company. Through their civil engineer, Horatio Allen, whom they aent to England, they ordered three locomotives, one of them with riveted flues of large else from Poster, Rastrick and company, of Btourbrldx and the other two with tubular boilers from Stephenson and company of Newcastle-on-Trn- e. The Stourbridge Lion , was operated at Honesdale by Horatio Allen on August t, 18!$. The locomotive proved so heavy (8 tons) that It waa pronounced unsafe on the frail brldgea and trestles of tha Carbondale railroad and was discarded. Thla trial, however, waa the first time a practicable locomotive ran upon a perma- nent railroad track In America, and Allen, although it was the only time he ever ran an engine, has the distinction of being tha first American loco-motive enKlneer. The Stourbridge angina received Its name from a painting of a lion's head on tha ' front of tha engine's boiler. The Lion, stored In a shed by the Carbondale railroad, waa picked to pieces by souvenir hunters and what was too heavy to carry away was eventually sold by tha railroad for old Iron. Later the , historical value of thla engine caused a sesrch for Its parts, some being re-covered. The two engines built by 8tephenson and Company, arrived aomewhat later. They wera stored In an Iron warehouse ln New Tork City, occasionally, but never used. These en-gines wera similar to tha Stephenson Rocket and It they had been given a trial at once they would have had the ' Istorlcal place now assigned to tha Rocket Itself, for tha latter did not make Its famous trip until October 14, 182. Tha first railroad constructed In America with a definite aim of carrying passengers and freight waa the Baltimore A Ohio. It waa chartered In 1817, and tha laying of tha rails began on July 4, 1828, Charlea Carroll, tha only living signer of the Declaration of Independence, lifting the first shov-elful of earth. The first section of II miles, from Baltimore to Elllcott's Mills, was opened In May, 1830. The promoters experimented with various sorts of power. One waa flat car fitted with a treadmill operated by a horse. Upon Its trial trip this contrivance was upset by a stray cow on the tracks and the device waa condemned. Another ex-periment waa made with a sallcar, the Meteor, a sailboat on wheels. Peter Cooper was tha next Inventor to offer Ideas to tha Baltimore Si Ohio railroad; ha was In-fluenced In part by the fact that ha owned soma land value of which would be enhanced If this rail- - . road proved a success. Cooper built a tiny stesm locomotive with a boiler about the size of those that now stand by the kitchen atove and with (lues constructed with gun barrels. Other parte wera : proportionately small and crude. This angina waa called tha Tom Thumb. With It Cooper made a few trial runa upon the partially finished railroad In 1830. With tha data secured from hla small model. Cooper reconstructed the Tom Thumb and oper-ated It again on August 28, 1830, over the full II miles of the road, attaining a speed of four miles an hour, pushing a car with 14 passengers. A few ; days later there was a challenge race between tha Tom Thumb and an horse-draw- n car over the double track from Elllcott's Mills to Baltimore. The gray horse led at tha start but tha locomotive caught up with It and passed It; then a belt slipped and the horse reached Baltimore first During tha following year horses served as a' motive power on the Baltimore At Ohio. Although the gray horse had defeated Tom Thumb, the Baltimore & Ohio officials believed that the steam locomotive was worth further othera put up umbrellas to ward off the fiery rain. The cars wera coupled with heavy chaina about three feet long, and, when they started and stopped, the venturers were jerked off their seats aa tha chains' slack wss taken up or the cars crashed to-gether. The passengers themselves cut fence raila and wedged them between the cars to reduce tha hasards of the Journey. ... Tha Baltimore A Ohio, the Charleston A Ham" burg and tha Mohawk A Hudson were the lead-ers In experimental railroad construction. Tha practicability of tha new form of transportation needed no further proof to encourage a number of other railroad projects and as soon as the small-est link was ready for trafflo It waa open to tha public Thus by 1835 people and goods were mov-ing by rail over the completed portlona of tha New Torit A Harlem railroad In New Tork, tha Cam-- ': den A Amboy railroad In New Jersey, tha Phil-adelphia A Qetmantown A Norrlstown railway, tha Columbia railroad, tha Philadelphia, Wilming-ton A Baltimore railroad and the Reading rail- - road In Pennsylvania. In New England by that time, three railroads radiated from Boston, one north to Lowell, one west to Worcester, and one aouth to Providence. In tha aama year the original railroad, the Baltimore A Ohio, with about TO miles of track carried about 100.000 passengers. By 1836 the steam railroad was an accepted fact In tha United States. Faith of Small Girl Upset by Daisy Test Rev. Eurl Anderson of Dallas, who was recently jailed for contempt of court he kept on building a Funda-mentalist temple In violation of court Injunction has a happy knack of sharpening bis points by means of ancedote. Mr. Anderson said In a recent I. M. C. A. address: "The men who try to define and ex-plain God are as foolish as little Ethel. "Little Ethel, the foolish child, hur-ried In from the garden crying.. "'Why, Ethel, what's the matter?' said ber mother. 'Did a wasp sting you or something T ' "'No, muwer," little Ethel sobbed, 'but I've Just found out God doesn't love me.' " Foolish, foolish child 1' said the mother. 'How could you find out such a thing as that? God do?s love you, of course.' 'No, He doesn't,' little Ethel sobbed. 1 tried nitn wiv a daisy.' "Detroit Free Press. j: Little Journeys in j: Americana i o "i j; By LESTER B. COLBY Indians Adopt James Smith JAMES SMITH was eighteen years 1755. The French and In-dian war was Just getting under way. Some time that spring the boy joined a g outfit In Pennsylvania. Braddock's army was to use that road In lute June on Its march westward to Fort Duquesne and to defeat One bright morning In early sum-mer young Smith and a companion were traveling along this road when three Indians ambashed them. Smith was captured and his comrade killed. Greatly to bis surprise Smith was neither burned to death nor tortured, beyond being compelled to "run the gauntlet" He was forced to travel with the Indians through forests and over mountains. Finally, some weeks la-ter, he was adopted Into an Indian family. He lived with the Indians six years. After his escape be wrote the story of his remarkable adventures. I will quote from that story briefly: "The day after my arrival at the town called Tulllhas, Inhabited by Delawares, Caughnewagas and Mohi-cans, a number of Indians collected about me and one of them began to pull the hair out of my head. Ue had some ashes on a piece of bark, In .which be frequently dipped his An-gers, In order to take a firmer hold. "So be went on as If he were pluck-ing a turkey until he had all the hair out of my head except a small spot three or four Inches square on my crown; this they cut off with a pair of scissors, except three locks, which they dressed up In their own mode. "Two of these they wrapped around with a narrow, beaded garter made by themselves for that purpose. The other they plaited at full length and then stuck It full of silver brooches. After that they bored my nose and ears snd fixed me off with earrings and nose jewels. "Then they ordered me to strip off my clothes and put on a breech-clou- t which I did; they then painted my bead, face and body In various colors. "They pot a large belt of wampum on my neck and silver bonds on my hands and right arm; and so an old chief led me out In the street and gave the alarm halloo, coo-wlg- several times, repeated quick ; and on this all that were In the town came running and stood around the old chief who beld me by the hand in the midst "As I st that time knew nothing of their mode of adoption, and bad seen them put to death all they bad taken, and as 1 never learned that they saved a man alive at Braddock's defeat I made no doubt but that they were about to put me to death In some cruel manner. "The old chief, holding me by the hand, made a long speech, very loud, and when he bad done, be banded me to three young squaws who led me by the band down the bank Into the river until the water was up to our middle. "The squaws then made signs to me to plunge luto the water but I did not understand them; I thought that the result of the council was that I should be drowned and these three young ladies were to be the execution-ers. They all three luld violent bold of me, and I for some time opposed them with all my might which occa-sioned loud laughter by the multitude that were on the bonk of the river. "At length one of the squaws made out to speak a little English, for I be-lieve they began to be afraid of me, and said, 'No hurt you.' On this I gave myself up to their ladyships who were as good as their word; for though they plunged me under water, and washed and scrubbed me severely, yet I could not say they hurt me much." Smith tells In detail how he was next conducted to the council, bow bis body was painted, how he was giv-en new clothes, a pipe, tomahawk and a pouch made out of a polecat skin. After smoking In silence for a time a chief arose and made a speech. This speech, translated to Smith by an In terpreler, was about like this: "My son, you are now flesh 'of our flesh, and bone of our bone. By the ceremony which was performed this day. every drop of white blood was washed out of your veins; you are taken into the Caughnewago nation, and Initiated Into a warlike tribe; you are adopted Into a great family, and now received with great seriousness and solemnity In the room and place of a great man. "After what hns passed this day yon are now one of us by an old, strong law and custom. My son, you have now nothing to fear we are now un-der the same obligations to love, sup-port and defend you that we are to love and defend one another; there-fore, you are to consider yourself one of our people." From that day on, Smith wrote, he never knew them to make any dis-tinction between him and any of the d tribesmen among whom he Uved. & I'll. Lester B. Colby. 'TO WJ Jr$ I? ,J'A a x,, - ? .i i t ; ; I t j VIOST people depend on Bayee Aspirin to make short work of headaches, but did you know it's Just as effective in the worse pains from neuralgia or neuritis? Rheu-matic pains, too. Don't suffer when Bayer Aspirin can bring completes! comfort without delay, and without harm; it does not affect the heart In every package of genuine Bayer; Aspirin are proven directions witH which everyone should be familiar, or they can spare much needless suffering. Aspirin Xaplria li th ttfl- - mark of Brr HannfAOtaN OWithout Poison M New Exterminator that Wont Kill Livestock, Poultry, Dog; Cat; or even Baby CMcIra IR-- ran be iued about the home, bun or poultry jraid with absolute afty aa it con taint aodmMlly nlawb it made of Squill, aa recom-mended by U. 8. Dept. of Agriculture, tinder the Connable proeeaa which inauree maximum strength. Two cans killed S7S rata at Arkaaaaa State Fens. Hundreds of other testimonials, old mb Monty Back Cuaraat. Insist upon the original Squill eater. minetor. All drug sitra. 75c. Largcalae ((our timet as much) Sl.OO. Direct if dealer cannot auppiy jrau. Co., SpringfleW.O. IOLLS-RATS-ON-Ask for "TACK -- UP" aeroiion Fly Catcher Leading jCZj) 2, Fly H8ISPfHj ff Catcher (X!0 HQ Rationally SLi a4aertistd iilil U Mr. nt, it. mi Get rid of peaty file. Hang up original AEROXON (pronounced Fly Catchers with Thaaab-Tee- k Attached. No fuea no troublcThey will catch thousands of flies for a nickle. Insist upon getting AEROXON Fly Catchers from your dealer. Sole Iniportera and Distributora for U.S. A. GRAEF b SANDKNOP, Fdlna, Mo. Choose a Profitable Vocation X Laara the Baaaty Oeltare Oonrae stTaa by a Z m asea tha baa tangbt MS atodents bow to X i eersBiQ MONBT. Catalog sent oo request. X , X UTAH HIGH SCHOOL J - OV BEAUTY CULTURB J SSlCUftBldg. - Bait Lake City X FREE GOVERNMENT LAND IN ARIZONA, f Now open to homestead; cltlsena of tbe United Otatea entitled 040 aerea each, also ' Arizona State School land for aale on 8S yeara time. Book of Information and laws on receipt of $1.00 or mailed O. O. D. 1. W. ANGLE, Box a03. Tacaon, Arts. I f r 4 , VI ) I , ! . t o--v 1 'Lydia E Pinkham's Vege-table Compound puts new Life into me and makes my work in the store and in the house easier. I took several bottles before my baby came and am always singing its praises to my friends I recommend it for girls and women of all ages. It makes me feel like life is worth living, my nerves are better and I have gained pep and feel well and strong." Mrs. A R. Smith. 808 S. Lansing Street, St, Johns, Michigan. ifitirrV! i r i'iTi- -i i I Health Giving BHsasEaiizalk All Water long j Manelona Climate Good Hotels Tosirist Camps Splendid Mountain Views. Thm icondaTu ( assart rasorto tha IPssI Writ 0rae at OHny aj palin Spring PWjSl PARKER'S 1 --aaefc. Kpfl HAIR BALSAM FSiSP&tt 1 aassovssDaadraff-SlopsHairasJli-rtfCST .jJ I Restores Color and B ii-'-t JBaaoty to Cray and Faded Haii i.!" sue and 11.00 at Droitl'its. bt..l i BlMnir Ohcm. Win Pstclmcua, V. Tj FLORESTON SHAMPOO Ideal for use In connection with Parker's liair Balsam. Male, the hair soft and fltiffr. to cente by mall or at drug. aiata. Hiacox Chemical Works, Fatchogne, N. I. W. N. U, Salt Lake City, No. 29. FBies J N --r. tttr am with tht Macs ooni.' A few moments not one fly will be left If WW? you spray Flit. Close doors and windowl to W Flit will have full effect then fill room with vapor. Of course Flit also kills mosquitoes eKjnPr roaches, bed bugs and ants. Guaranteed to 1 3 B be effective, or money backs JLaI ?5issaf n pi p -- i il 3 j J I OmtaMsBM. af saBi4 A Modest Aim Otto H. Kahn, the rich patron of the arts, was talking about art to a Chicago reporter. "High brow artists," he said, "are content to make a living. The low brows want to make a fortune. "A high brow wrote a play. It was put on at one of the little theaters, as high brow theaters are always called. In Greenwich Village. "On the third or fourth nlgbt the author turned up and said anxiously to the box offloe man: "'Well, old horse, how's she going ?' " 'Oh, very much better,' said the box office man. 'Fewer and fewer leave now before the end of the show.' " Abraham Lincoln A few days ago when Tapper, age six, came borne from Sunday school his daddy said to him: "Well, Tapper, what did yon learn to day?" "Oh, we learned about Abraham Lincoln." "Abraham Lincoln V - "Yes, daddy; don't you know when he crossed the desert with his many wives?" Turned Off The other evening while little Ro-bert whose home Is In Newman street, was getting ready to retire, he sud denly reached toward the top of bis head and made a motion as If he were turning a knob. "1 can't grow now," be remarked. ? "Why not?" questioned his mother. "Because I'm turned of," he replied. Indianapolis News. Sympathy Hugh, visiting bis aunt In the coun-try, had been observing a robin's nest In a tree near the bouse. He came In to his aunt much trou bled. "I feel sorry for that mother robin on the nest Her husband never stays home." Automobile Paula "Have we plenty of gas now before we start?" "The Indicator says one-ha- lf but 1 don't know whether that means half full or half empty." Nothing that the ancients ever bad catered to-- human nature as a store does. Health Hint A rash from "poison Ivy" may be treated by applying gauze soaked In saturated solution of mag-nesium sulphate, and, when the acute Inflammation has disappeared, using talcum powder to dry It up. Flattery labors under the odious charge of servility. Tacitus. Wonderful Precocity The Fond Mother Just think I Little Perclval Is beginning to talk. He's learning to recite "Baa, baa, black sheep, have you any wool?" The Proud Father No I Does be say all that? The Mother Not all of It as yet. But he's got as far as "baa, bual". Clever Tricks of Hotel Trade struct ed to shout Important names In tbe lobby and dining rooms even if the owners of those names are In Eu-Every big metropolitan hotel faces rope. All these tricks help. bankruptcy Its first year. Teople are skittish about going to a new one, no matter bow fine It is, until some one breaks the Ice. Fortunate Is the bos telry which can attract a few notables under Its roof soon after It opens for business. That Is why free board and lodging frequently are offered certain celebrities who may he bought off that way. Once It Is noised around that people of Importance are putting np at a hotel the herd follows. Then, of course, continued prosperity depends upon service standards maintained. The management always tries to cre-ate a prosperous air around a Dew hotel. One trick Is to turn on the lights at dusk In every outside room. Employees circulate around raising and lowering shades to give an sir of bustle and life. Page boys are In the centuries Utter has lodged there until enough of It has accumulated to support plant life. Into this some bird dropped wild current seed. Busk In Odd Place Tourists who visit Tosemlte talk much of the wild currant bush that has made Itself strange borne In a crotch blgh up the trunk of an old sequoia tree. Tbe bush finds a place to grow at a point 80 feet from the ground where this monster thrusts out one of Its gnarled limbs. Through Amusing Clocks Comical and performing clocks were very popular In the Fifteenth and Six-teenth centuries. One which can still be seen In the museum at Basel, Switzerland, was srrnnged so ss grad-ually to protrude a long tongue as the peudulum vibrated. Obnoxious Gaa George had been attracted to a bouse In the neighborhood by the as-sembled crowd. After an investiga-tion be came to his mother saying: "I went down to Boyd's to see what was the matter. Mr. Boyd Is about dead with obnoxious gas In bis garage."- - That's Certain Everything, some g say. la energy. Which means, of conrse, that everything has to meet with opposl tlon. Atchison Globe. |