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Show NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Senate Votes U. S. Into the World Court, but With Strong Reservations. By EDWARD W. PICKARD BY A vote of 76 to 17 the senate has decided that the United States shall adhere to the permanent court of international justice, better known as the world court. Thus the long fight over this question has come to an end and the administration forces have Iriumphed with the -assistance of all but three of the Democratic senators. sena-tors. However, it is a modified victory vic-tory for the proponents of the world court, for America's entry is so hedged about with reservations that it may be many months or even years before it actually is a member, and there is no certainty that it will ever be a party to a case before the tribunal. tri-bunal. In the first place, It is provided that all other member nations must accept the American reservations, and the process of obtaining these acceptances may be a long one. Refusal by any one nation, no matter how insignificant, insignifi-cant, invalidates the senate action. Then and this is especially important one of the reservations provides that recourse to the court for the settlement set-tlement of difficulties between the United States and any other state can be had only by agreement through a treaty between the parties In dispute. Since every treaty is subject to senate sen-ate approval, this means that no cause Involving the United States can be submitted to the court without the approval ap-proval of the senate by a two-thirds vote. Five other reservations were adopted adopt-ed almost unanimously by the senate, as follows : That adherence to the world court "shall not be taken to involve any legal le-gal relation on the part of the United States to the League of Nations or the assumption of any obligations by the United States under the treaty of Versailles." Permitting the United States to participate par-ticipate In the council and assembly of the League of Nations equally with all other nations in the election of Judges of the world court. That the United States should pay a fair share of the world court's expenses ex-penses by congressional appropriation. That the United Slates may at any time withdraw from the world court and that the statute of the court shall not be amended without the consent of the United States. That the court shall render no advisory ad-visory opinion, except publicly and after due notice to all states adhering to the court and after opportunity for hearing any state concerned, and that the court shall not, without the consent con-sent of the United States, entertain any request for any advisory opinion touching any dispute or question in which the United States has or claims an Interest. These reservations were put In their final shape by Democratic leaders and John liassett Moore, the present Anierlcau judge In the world court. All others which were offered by opponents op-ponents of the resolution were rejected. reject-ed. It is worth while recording the names of those who voted against the resolution on the" final-ballot. They were: Republicans : Borah. Brook-hart, Brook-hart, Fernald, Frn.ler, Harrold. Johnson, John-son, La Fol.lette. Moses, Nye, Pine. Robinson (Ind.). Si-hall, Watson and Williams. Democrats: Please, Reed (Mo.). Farmer-Labor: Shlpstead. Just before the final vote was taken Senator Johnson of California had a last word to say, a dramatic warning to his colleagues that they were taking tak-ing the first step into the League of Nations, altering the traditional policies poli-cies of the United States, and "cutting loose to sail on an uncharted sea." Senator Borah, leader of the opposition oppo-sition to the world court, declares the fight has only begun and that he and his associates intend to launch a movement at once tj get the country out of the court nnd will make this an issue In the electlou of senators next November. He says he does not see how we are going to remain outside of the league if we stay in the court. TJ AVING disposed of the world - court matter, the senate on Thursday began consideration of the tar reduction bill, which was made its unfinished business so that it could be kept continuously before the chamber. cham-ber. Chairman Smoot of the finance committee hopes to have the measure passed by February 10, but certain of the western senators have promised a long fight against the provisions for repeal of the inheritance tax and of publicity for income tax payments. Norris of Nebraska has offered an amendment providing that returns "shall be open to examination and inspection in-spection as other public records under the same rules and regulations as may govern the examination of public documents generally." The effect of this would be not only to permit public pub-lic inspection of amounts paid by taxpayers, tax-payers, but also to throw' the returns, which at present are secret documents, open to any one desirous of perusing them. WITH only three votes against it, the administration Haugen measure mea-sure establishing a co-operative marketing mar-keting division in the Department of Agriculture was passed by the house. The big fight in congress is over the Dickinson farm surplus bill. Experts are far apart in their opinions of the wisdom of this measure. Such agriculturists agri-culturists as Frank 0. Lowden are warm In approval, while many trade economists, notably John W. O'Leary, president of the Chamber of Commerce Com-merce of the United States, feel that it is in effect a price-fixing measure and would prove disastrous to those whom it is intended to benefit. Representatives of the eleven states that compose the corn belt met In Des Moines Thursday to formulate a relief plan designed to place agriculture agricul-ture on a money-making parity with manufacturing and business enterprises. enter-prises. This plan embraces three main features: An export corporation corpora-tion to dispose of surplus agricultural products ; provision by congress for a federal farm board to stabilize agriculture agri-culture and put it on a parity with other business ; removal of the pure food law discriminations against corn sugar. An executive committee of two from each of the eleven states was named to draft the plan Into a measure mea-sure and to push its passage in congress. con-gress. TERRIFIC gales swept the north Atlantic last week and all the liners were delayed. The storm took its toll of lives when the British freighter Laristan foundered off Halifax, Hali-fax, twenty-five members of her crew being drowned. Another British freighter, the Antinoe, was disabled by the tremendous seas and the United States liner President Roosevelt, commanded com-manded by Captain Fried, stood by for four days, making repeated efforts to save the crew of twenty-five. The heroic work of Fried and his men was finally successful, though two of the rescuers lost their lives. Capt. Herbert Her-bert Hartley of the Leviathan said the gale was the worst he had seen in thirty years. PRESIDENT COOLIDGE formally approved the court-martial sentence sen-tence of Col. William Mitchell, but changed it so the colonel should receive re-ceive half pay and his allowances "during "dur-ing the pleasure of the President." Two days later Colonel Mitchell resigned re-signed fronr the army, and it was believed be-lieved his resignation would be accepted. ac-cepted. It is understood Mitchell will go on the lecture platform to continue his campaign for development of aviation, avia-tion, but many persons believe he will find It difficult, as a civilian, to hold the public Interest. CHANCELLOR LUTHER presented to the German reiehstag the names of his new cabinet members nnd an outline of their policies, hut was met with glum silence except for the howling howl-ing of Communist deputies. The Nationalists Na-tionalists objected to his omission of the conditions they demand as the price of Germany's entry Into the League of Nations. The Socialists were disappointed by the vagueness of his reference to German membership In that body. They were also annoyed still more by his rejection of a popu lar referendum of the claims of the Hohenzollerns and other former reigning reign-ing families against the republic. Next day, announcing himself as absolutely In favor of fulfillment of the Locarno pact, Doctor Luther issued an ultimatum, ulti-matum, to the warring factions, demanding de-manding a vote of confidence for his government. He made more definite his recommendation of membership in the League and thereby gained the silent support of the Socialists, but even so it was .evident that the fate of the cabinet hinged on the chance absence of a very few deputies. The reiehstag gave Luther his vote of confidence by 160 to 150, those who abstained from voting numbered 131, mostly Socialists. This slight majority major-ity was obtained only after President von Hindenburg had threatened to dissolve the reiehstag if opposition continued. Wednesday was the sixty-seventh birthday of the former kaiser, and the Berlin Fascists who celebrated the anniversary an-niversary engaged in a sanguinary battle bat-tle with the Communists who were burning Wilhelm in effigy. The police were forced to fire on the mob, wounding wound-ing many. VISCOUNT TAKAAKI KATO, premier pre-mier of Japan, Is dead of influenza, influ-enza, and political conditions in Tokyo are chaotic as a result. R. Wakatsukl is acting premier. It is expected the diet will be dissolved shortly. Kato was one of his country's most accomplished accom-plished statesmen. ALL the civilized world, with the possible exception of Germany and her late allies, joined the Belgians In mourning the death of Cardinal Mercier, whose heroic stand against the invaders of his country gave him lasting fame. On Thursday Belgium paid formal tribute to the memory of her beloved primate and. the king as chief mourner walked through the streets of Brussels after the coffin while minute guns boomed and massed army bands" played funeral marches. With King Albert marched Prince Leopold, Leo-pold, the heir apparent, and Marshal Foch, generalissimo of the allied armies in the war; and in the long procession pro-cession were the diplomatic representatives repre-sentatives of many nations. Services were held in the Cathedral of St. Michel and St. Gudule where the body of the prelate rested on a magnificent catafalque. On Friday the body was taken back to Malines and burled with great pomp beneath the altar of the Cathedral there. ITALY, by what some correspondents describe as strong arm methods Involving In-volving threats against peace in the. Near East, has persuaded Great Britain Brit-ain to grant her very easy terms in the funding of her war debt better terms than were obtained from the United States. Count Volpl and Winston Churchill have signed the agreement by which the Italian debt is settled for about one-sixth of Its value. Premier Mussolini and his government govern-ment are being roundly abused by the Germans for their repressive measures in south Tyrol, where they are determined deter-mined to Italianize the German inhabitants. in-habitants. The latest decree orders the Italianization of all German family names that were originally Italian. TWO Spanish aviators started fast week from near Cadiz to fly In a seaplane to Buenos Aires, Argentina, and before this reaches the reader they may have accomplished the feat. Their first hop took them to the Canary Islands, and from there they flew to the. Cape Verde Islands. The next hop was to be 1.432 miles to Fernando Fer-nando Noronha Island, or possibly 275 miles further to I'ernambuco. rpRANCE believes that Investigation of the great French franc forgery plot In Hungary will reveal that It can be traced to German monarchist sources, and therefore Premier Brinnd demanded that French officials should be permitted to participate In the police cross-examinations of the plot-tors, plot-tors, among whom are princes, nobles and high politicians. The Hungarian government made a show of yielding reluctantly, hut the well informed said that the Incident was really a victory for Premier Count Bothlen. since it afforded him an opportunity to bring about a full exposure of the conspiracy con-spiracy without Incurring blame from the extremists who have been sacking to unseat him. |