Show hr 0 L a n pioneers J by E EDWARD DWARD EMERINE what can we do with the western coast lf asked daniel webster and concluded conclude d 1 I will never vote one cent from the public treasury to place tn the e pacific ocean one inch nearer boston th than nn it is now senator Mc mcduffe Duffle of south carolina said he 44 give ek a pinch of snuff for the whole territory soh sen thomas II 11 denton benton considered the rocky hocky mountains had been placed by providence to mark the western limits of tho the united states and thus se set t a boundary to mans ambition dut but other men thought differently they know knew of tho the fur trade that had drawn men to the oregon country lewis and dark clark had brought back tales of a rich land by 1830 some of the french canadian employees of the hudsons Hud sons day bay company had located forms farms in wll wil lamette valley soon americans drifted in to take up farms huntera rs trappers missionaries and ode adventurers drifted in and out of oregon in 1830 whitman a and n d ing with their wives established a mission near the present site of walla walla a second at lewiston and a third near the present site of spokane even the massacre of the Whit mans by the indians in 1847 did not deter tho the pioneers america moves west oregon or basil america was moving west the british had to be headed oft off and the great northwest settled by americans first there were a tow fei wagons headed toward oregon then there were thousands the oregon trall trail a torturous dusty dangerous road cut through the prairies of kansas and nebraska climbed over the mountains of wyoming crossed the deserts of idaho and traversed more mountains and streams to io reach the columbia river and the pacific coast even beven today the deep ruts still may be found and ox bows wagon wheels and lonely groves graves are scattered from the Mis missouri souil river to astoria bleached and silent reminders of oregon the land of the pioneers A As s the fur trapping declined agriculture took its iti place industries were set up first cannery on the columbia was established in 1866 gold was discovered in jackson and josephine counties in 1852 and mining flourished the boundary dispute with great britain was set tied aled without war and nd edgon regon became american to the core the plo pioneers had won their fight I 1 establish government with a territorial government established the capital was set up at oregon city but later moved to sat salem t discovery of gold in califor Call for nia opened a market tor for lumber hour flour and nd other oregon products ocean going vessels connected portland with san francisco and stage routes joined the principal cities and W ASH I 1 N G f 0 N q RIM 0 XA U arf dpn w 14 ja 1 W 4 P 40 L 4 Z ta A t C J A L I 1 F 0 R I 1 batt iatt A T i IX M J A I 1 NATIVE GOVERNOR gov earl snell elected Or egons chief executive in 1912 was born in olex towns A part of oregon territory was cut away to make the state of washington in 1853 1653 but in 1859 oregon I 1 became a state the oregon short line opened in 1882 gave portland railroad transportation across cros s the continent thus oregon emerged from a wilderness into a modern won I 1 deriana dc de rland agriculture forestry fishing manufacturing mining and recreational facilities that are world famous form farm owners operate 85 per cent of all oregon farms and the indus try kiy brought in million dollars in 1042 1942 Or egons rangeland supports more than three mil million licin head of livestock rich timberlands oregon has nearly SQ million acres of umber timber including douglas fir the state tree pine hemlock cedar and spruce wood products paper wood alcohol and other rich industries are based on Or egons forests the columbia Is a famous salmon stream netting more than seven mili mil lion dollars a yeat yea and there are large catches of tuna sardines pil chords and other commercial fish Or egons shipbuilding started from scratch during the war and developed into a giant industry almost over night in 1942 more than 11 million dollars worth of gold silver copper quicksilver and was mined in oregon oregon is still the land of the pioneer and thousands of people from all over the united states each year follow the broad paved oregon trail to the great northwest the trail is no longer the hazardous route of yesteryear but it leads to the same glamorous country the pioneers found a century ago many of ore gons great resources are as yet undeveloped cevelo ped but completion of the bonneville power project and others assures ample electric energy A fantastic desert of sagebrush is changed to the richest of farm lands by b an irrigation ditch the wonders of oregon make for good living and prosperity but ratu nature re also made it beautiful and scenic world renowned crater lake alt hood and her sister peaks in the cascade range the oregon caves wal lowa iowa lake and hundreds of other scenic attractions are a lure that tourists cannot escape more than miles of shoreline are spread along the great pacific hundreds of lakes winter sports areas lodges health and play resorts and more than miles of paved highways are offered by oregon in ih 1943 bregmons Or br egons population was and the number increased somewhat in the next two years oregon still is 19 growing still receiving new pioneers over the oregon bregon trail the trek to oregon started a century ago it was americas Amerl cas first gred great migration and it has never ceased the modern pioneer the chemist the ex serviceman the laborer the farmer the Ithe industrialist t i is discovering a rich frontier in the oregon country N t 1 3 10 A MAP 1 sid ma 7 i r fl i s M jl r r att ra i arism M BB fc awl 4 U V 1 R ra a 1 1 V abrl s na I 1 w lat IP B g e ra afefe ai efe 1 1 na 1 l f ii la 11 jb y jalil jj lil I 1 ga 5 pi KS yb K LAND OF SCENIC GRANDEUR gems ot of 6 beauty stud the oregon landscape laud 1 two level alulino mah inah falls Is ivorid vi orld famous 2 renowned bit alt hood rises majestically over peaceful farmlands of wll wil lamette valley 3 deep natural gorges of eastern oregon beckon to hunters and campers 4 Ille ceda head lighthouse stands guard over nver the tn rugged ij coastline alln el ln along hin the pacific |