Show THE SCIENCE OF HISTORY GLACIAL SAD FATE OF or THE EARTH amog amo g lectures delivered at the royal institution ution in london recently two may mav be cited as remarkable namely mr Fr ondes and dr frankland Fian flan kland mr froude who is 13 widely known ss Ps an able historian lectured on the science of his ory apparently to prove tint thit there can be bp no suca buca thing aa as a of history because ogi the impossibility of 0 educil educing the laws of human motives alid arid actions as in physical science the laws of natural phenomena are educed deduced by observation and that which will be can be predicted by what hat bat has been whether the end be seventy years hence or seven hundred ja said the lecturer in his big peroration be the close of the mortal history of humanity as far distant in the fhe future as its shadowy beginnings seem now to lie behind us this only we may foretell with confidence that the riddle riddie of in anna iwa I 1 nature will remain unsolved there chere will be that in him yet which phy ical laws will fail to ex explain plair that something whatever it be in ill himself and in the world which science cannot fathom and which surges a 9 the unknown possibilities of or his ori origin on and bis his destiny dr Fran ulanda klanda lecture was waa on olt the glacial epoch that period in in the eaux eart ealta lis history BO so otten olten ot ten referred to by geologist soloists when ice in one form forni or another covered so large a part of the surface As the audience had been surprised on a former occasion by beil bell being g t told that there never bad had been such a thing r as boiling water so were they surprised surprise 1 when dr Kan nan hankland frankland kland gave forth aa as the argument of his lecture that the we sole cause ot of the phe bomena of the glacial eloch eloch was waa a higher temperature of the ibe ocean tian that which obtains at present it sounds bounds like a paradox to say the hotter the sea the more ice will there be on the land but hear bear the ne new W theory propounded by dr frankland natita apparatus for ice on a grea great scale aie ale are an evaporator a condenser and a receiver an ocean at a high temperature ia is a grand I 1 evaporator the dry air of the upper regions of the aim sphere into which the arm warm vapor ascends is the condenser the mountains mour stains which were probably one fourth hi higher her in the glacial epoch than now are the receivers the evaporation from the ocean being enormous there was a constant precipitation of condensed vapor on the mountains where it froze and accumulated in alie foam of ice crept down the sides cf of the mountains and overspread the whole nt the land and these overwhelming masses ot of ice 1 it N waa as which whir 11 left their raees races traces on rocks along the sides of valleys and transported huge boulders bou idera from far distant regions and furnished for scientific students some of 0 the most cemarka remarkable bie ble of 0 geological phenomena As the earth cooled more and more the evaporation r from to in the sea diminished and in proportion as supply failed on the receivers the ice ic and sno snow snow S disappeared from the valleys and lowlands and the present state of things prevailed toe the c cooling 0 0 ling process is still going on and when it ha has s fallen to a certain amount stupendous cracks and rents tents will take pace place in the granite which constitutes so large a portion 0 tha the shell sheil or crust of our globe and the peasant pleasant and fruitful earth OB on which we live lva lve will become eten eien aa as the moon such dr frankland says is the fate in store for ua us lie ile believes that the moon has gone completely through her cooling in and that the ocean which once flowed over its surface has been entirely swallowed by the cracks occasioned by the cooling the gulfs formed form d by the cracks he calculates as fourteen and a half million cubic mites mills in capacity room enough and to spare for the unfortunate moons ocean bup sup supposing thejuan the quantity of water to have been the same in proportion as that on ort our earth 11 II it is a melancholy prospect but dr frankland says saye if such be the present condition of the moon we can scarcely avoldt avoid avold the be conclusion that a liquid ocean can only exist upon the surface of a aanet so long as the latter returns a high internal temperature the ile moon then bec bee becomes omes to bejus us a prophetic picture of me tle almate fate which awaits our earth when deprived of an 1 external ocean ocea b and of all but an annual rotation uro l its axis axia it shall revolve round tha the sun an arld arid and li s wilderness wild ern ess one hemisphere exposed to the of a cloudless sun the other shrouded in eternal night |