Show MANURE herman lic rulan stuck B Y university written for tho the deseret farmer IN ariner barnyard Har nyard manure is often mistaken in III respect to itz its definite meaning in this paper it is referred to a solid and am liquid excrements of all laim animals animal we may well say that 1 a I well kept manure pile is tin an index to ft a thrifty and successful farm to neglect to take care of tills means heavy losses to the lie fanner fa riner though many novel never realize it it Is such a common thing and failers think that their land arid is so rich that it never will be exhausted but there will come a day to many tillers of the soil soft when hen they will regret their ignorance arid and thoughtlessness or of former days there are arc farm animals enough in tile the united states today it if property properly tended to produce about in manure this may seem extremely large arid the real value may be over estimated but still there cannot be otherwise than a gre great it value on the manure or of millions or of rob nob eita aits figured that if none ot of tills this fer were made use nse of that each larm would just lost annual annually lj another point of which many farmers never think Is that when hen they are selling their hay grain fodder etc they dont realize that they arii are selling their farm piecemeal if lie he would buy animals ind and feed them his hay grain arid and fodder lie he could sell his animal for as much and more and still retain the ni manure anure lie ile could take this manure and put it back on his land and in that way restore about one half of the plant food he took away in fit ills his crops professor Pio fessor armsby calculates that a farmer who sells a ton of hay sells in this weight soil ingredients which if bought bithe farmer in tile form of commercial fertilizers would ot ild amount to it is just juse about as is roberts says a bout manure the new idea that the manure should be its as carefully preserved from roni unnecessary waste as any other product of the farm is hard to put into practice alter after having stored lor for forty years the manure under tinder tho the eaves upon the hillside which forms one border of the running brook or I 1 may say still vorse is as many do even to neglect to remove it at all but have it stationary for the animals to wallow in instead of keeping the dumb creatures clean A pig Is a pig ind and i will ill eat bolh deity ty slop ind and other dirty material it if it a I 1 chance at other things but give her the choice arid and slie sh e mill always eat the clean food and sleep on the clean straw again a point which is often overlooked by the farmers is that they think that the dry excreta only a beneficial tills this is not so the urine contains those fertilizing constituents which bich have been digested and are almost wholly soluble the urine varies though the same as tile the solid excreta excie ta with tile the age of the animal ing it pigs figs alone ale aie an exception except io ioa where the mine is not as rich as the solid manure generally one halt hall awl anil often more lilore of the total nitrogen excreted will be found in the urine the composition ot at manure on a number of conditions such as age kind ol of animal producing it t quantity and quality 0 of food pit por tion and matuie of litter and th method of management and the length th of time stored the lickness lich ilch ness of any manure is more or loss less dependent on tile the food an animal eats cats wore more than on oil the kind of an animal in regards to value it way may be readily seen that concentrated foods such as meat ineat scraps cotton seed meal linseed meal and wheat bran etc stand first second in ili value are the leguminous plants such as rod red and crimson clover alfalfa etc sn an third ate e have the cereals as wheat corn oats etc with loots coming last cornell coi nell station of 0 new york has proven prove that tile the feeding of 0 nitrogen ni nitrogenous troger food increases the urine and consequently the increase of urine requires more litter which means a A larger bulk of manure litter is use ubel to furnish a clean and comfor controllable table bed for ani animals nials and to increase inci ease the bulk produce faster chemical action and to soak up tile the liquid portion partial 1 01 I tile the manure in gen general pral litter makes a larger bulk of manure but it delutes rather than implores impi Imp oves loves its composition lint but it retains the liquid part which bleh Is so BO valuable and reduces reduce the to IOAS of ammonia fermentation of manure is caused by the 1110 ac action ol of microscopic organisms ous which belong to two different classes the ille first class needs oxygen to live and causes aerobic ferments Ille lits while the second class are those which must live in fit the absence of oxygen and light these produce anaerobic annc ferments the decomposition of the manure pile Is subjected to both of these classes the first class works on oil the outside where light and oxygen prevail while tile the second class woo k on the inside where light and oxygen are absent the wanner the manure pile is the faster it will decompose the pile musij must neither be too loose or too c compact 0 for if the manure is too loosely put plot together it will decompose too ly while it if it is too compact it will rot at too slowly tails thiis is true because of the tact that the first class of organisms gani sins much more rapidly than tile the second class Aloi moisture sture is also necessary to proper development is as these organisms sills are arc like tile the higher forms of life arid and therefore must have water to drink composition and nature of preservatives va tives have something to do also with the rapidity of fermentation awl aal decomposition lit in applying manure it is generally best to put in on the soil lit in its flesh condition it we want to improve the mechanical condition of 0 the soil we ae should apply fresh manure to the soil but it if we wish to impi 0 e light sandy soils we should appley well rotted manure fresh manure has a strong effect and is best suited for grasses arid and forage plants than those grown for seed manure in fermented condition im fin lioves the physical condition ol of a 1 light soil more than fresh ina nuie manure should uever never be piled in heaps in fit the field as it will ferment and lose much ot of its ammonia arid and I 1 other valuable ingredients it should be balled from the pile and spread and immediately plowed under no definite rules can call be made with respect to how much to put on oil but each farmer must learn ills his own candit conditions dit ions As a rule nils hoi however ever it 11 13 s better to apply manure often and light than scarce and la in laige bulks the best results are arc likely to be obtained by using niong along with till barn yard e it is a well known fact that barnyard manure I 1 is a lasting fertilizer in its effects arid and in many cases need not be applied as often is as the more soluble and quick acting super phosphate potash and alti ogen salts etc if a great many more far farmers ineis in tile the united states would put more manure on oil their farms they would be better off for a great many farina would be made better while maybe one or two would mould receive too much it would be better to have ton ten poor farms made fertile and have one too rich than hac one fertile and ten poor so dont be afraid that toa much manure is going onto your farm farin deseret farmer |