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Show Island Islandof of SarkIs Sarl Sark SarkIs ( Is Feudal StateOnce State StateOnce Once Haunt of Pirates , Nowa Now a Peaceful Place With WithAn WithAncient WithAncient Ancient An ient Customs . ( ( Prepared by Ntltlona.to NationalGeograpilo Nfttlon&l Nfttlonl Ntltlona\ Ntltlona National & \ .to to ( . ( OtfORrapl Geograpilo ! Tapllo lo SoelplY SoerelY SoelplYWllShlngtln SocietyWMhInJton WllShlngtln Washington ) D Cw C CWMJ CW'U ) -w w - -WMJ WMJ -W'U W'U WU - " ' U ServiceW ServiceEiIN ServIceWHeN Service Servicet Service7 HKN EiIN : the time DJme DJrne Dame of S'1rl S1rl Sirlc ' , re re- recenllv recently - ' - t \7 7 \ 7 WHeN W \ A / centiv cenllv cently went &hopplng hopplng shopping f & > In London London Lon LonW W don , the event e . , ent wis was \ 1S ' news Dl.WB DlWB . In Inat Inat Inat at ieast least two continents , , fur furT.a furLa forLa T.a Ta La . Dime D'lme Dlme ' De Saik S.tr6 Str6 8.11 811 . . h is Ie ; the fir first t ' lidy I'1dy I1dy iady of ofthe ofthe ofthe the only purely purel purels ' feudal state stnte rcmilninKIn renainimlgin rcm'1lnll1 rcm1lnll1 renainimlg ) ' In the world the island of Snik Satk Sal k In the theIngllch theCnglish theEnglish Ingllch Cnglish ; ; chmnel ch'luncl chluncl channel channelSark ch'lunclSurl chmnelSark ' Sark Surl . la is the fourth largest larJcst ; of theChinnel the theCh'lnnel theCinnnel Ch'lnnel Chlnnel Chinnel ' Islands islan s It lies 70 milessouth mllc mlles mllessouth , ; south of England Cngland nglan ( ] and 22 miles fromthe from fromthe fromthe the coast of France rrance Prance It Is three anda and anda a half miles long and one and a 11 h IIfmile mlfmiles lit IIf mlf ( miles mile ' ! wide , . , Ide , , and anll iet yct .t t < . , because of Its Itsn1 itsnumerous Itsnumerous n\1 n 1 numerous \ merous merousba ba bays ba s ' ind 'lnd lnd < . coves .Oves Oves . , It has 35 35miles 35miles 35miles miles of co ist 1st It is the highest Illghest land landIn landin landin In the time Channel Islands Islandsn Islands'I n 1 'I I ' ' lie he din's dins eHffs cliffs ' , rising rlsmg rismng on all sides sirles skies almot almost almotperpendl'ularh almo&tperpendicularly almotperpendicularly almostperpendicularly & : , perpendl'ularh perpendlularh perpendicularly { ' , , are covered cO'wered cOwered cosered ' with Innumcnble In Innurncr Innumer nurncr numer lhle ibie varieties of rock roch pi plints liltS mits and andflo'i anddowers andlowers flo'i\ flo'i floi flo'it dowers ( ' \ t > rs , while below aie ate a Ie sindy sandy S1 ndy ba b.l bl bays . sand :0 0 ' : :0anel anel anti " wonderful "onrlerful onrlerful caves cavcs , , whose ; set fe'1 fe1 sea ' ht hewn hewnwalls liewnwalls wn wnwnns wnns walls are ure covered COered cotered CO\ CO \ ered with \ \ IUl seiwecds se'leed'S seaweeds se'l\\ se'l sel ' \ eed'S eedS ' and andbea 'ln ln ' indtej be bea , . ! anemones of e\ e es etr everi \ tr c ry , } color of the theram therainbow therainbow rainbow ram ! > ow On the bciclios be'1chec be1chec bcaclmes ' ; m iv be he found foundsemiprecious foundsemiprecious foundsemiprecious semiprecious stones , such as a1l1e acme a1l1etll acmethysts amethists thysts tll , } st c1ts cats eitseves e eses , es and moonstones muonstone . , The TheIshnd TheIsland TheIslind Ishnd Island is not \ without Ithout nllnel mincials mmnetals als . , at onetime onetune one onetilDe tilDe time mlnes- mlnes mlneswel mines minesweme mines ' - wel weie weme e worked " which "I1Ih I1Ih ( produced pro produced produced duced copper copier , cOPIer ? , silver sih sil er , nntimoni nntlmonJ antimony , and .lnd lnd andgileni .lndg . andgalena g\ g gileni glen'l galena ' \ len'l lenl ' gileniThe galena'ihe The 'ihe ihe 1 ' ' he interior of the time Island i is & > Ilndu undu Ilndulating undubating undulating lating bating , " with "Ith Ith villeys volleys v Illeys full of wIl wild flow 11ow Howe 11owe 11ow4 e -4 4 - \ and nnd In the IIH ! : fcpiing silting Ing the whole Iscoveted Is Iscovel iscoveicd covel coveted ed with a bli/e bli e bl'l7e bll7e blaze ' / of golden borse gorse feorseblue , blue bell bells l < , and primroses prlmroses : - . Iso r-.o r.o r .o o Ao 'weno weno seno 'wenomOU8 senomoos ' venomous mOU8 moos beasts Ih live lice e In Sirk S'1rh S1rh Sark ' not evena e\ e even een evena \ en a 11 toid to\d to d toad ' \ ! On linding l'lndng llndng landtng ' ! at the Sark SarI " InrborRhich h"lrbor hlrbor harbor ' " , , which \ " hlch is one onp of the smallest smalltst in the theworld theworld theworld world , tlie the time theIsltor visitor \Isltor Isltor slsitor \ finds himself entirely en entlre11 entirelj tlre11 tirelj surrounded by steep teep cllfCs cUffs cliffs , . , and andthe andthe andthe the only means of access to the time Island Islandfrom Islandfrom Islandfrom from thel thcie theme e Is by a road p'1ssmg p1ssmg passing p'1ssmgthrough passingthrough pissingthrough ' through a tunnel 200 feet long , plel paemcod pieicedIn paemcodin eM eMIn In the din cliff ' , , and thence by a steep steepwinding , wmdlng winding roid rO'ld rOld road ' which leads Ipads to the cen cen- center cen- cen center center - - ter of the islind Ishnd island . , where there thtre are afew afew a afew few small smaH shops and four hotels'lhe hotelsZhe hotels hotelsIhe Ihe 'lhe lhe Zhe ' highway continues contmues to La Coupee Cou Coupee Coupee pee . , where the Islind Ishnd Island is divided dlnded intotv Into Intot intotv tv t o 0 parts , Great Sark and Little Sirkjoined S'lrk Slrk Sark ' , , jomed joined by b ; , } a huge natural causeway cause\\ay cause ay \ of ofrOLk ofrock otrock rOLk rock nearly 300 feet high ' " ind "Inri Inri and 415 feet feetlong feetlong feetlong long , , across which whleh runs a road just justwide justwide justwide wide eno\l eno l enough \ h for one cirt C'1rt C1rt cart ' ' ind 'lnll lnll hoise horse hOI se ( a . < al aM4 I l m 3 = . 't t ' + + , M4 - - - - v LNR R y yv LN 'Y Y 'Y7R ' 7R Mrf rf 1 rV 5 < < M ; 44 J4 . > t'Jm tJm ' w ' ' r rt rA t A Sark Windmill Built Bumit byI by I ' 'the the the Grace " ' . of Queen Elizabeth in 1571 , . to cross at a time tune On one side of ofthis o t f this cause causeway " ay Is a sheer clirt cliff , , on the theother theother th e other a sloping way wav down to be\uhful be uhful beautifu beuhfulsands beautifusands ' \ I 1 sands In spite of Its minute SI7e size si7 ( , < Sirk 3\rJ 3 rJ Sark ' \ . his h'1s h1s has ' a hlstor history of no little litUe inter Enter interest Enterest est , . as its written records begin b < . > gln In A AD AD / ! D 5G5 565 and there Is ample eldence eldenceof es , idenc e of occupation In the Stone age I In Inthe n the Si'cth Sicth 51\tl1 51 tl1 Sixth ' \ ' : century Saint Samt Migloln M'lgIolre MlgIolre llaglolre M'lgIolrebishop llaglolrebishop Miglolnbishop ' 2 bishop of Dol . , In Brittan Brittany , } , establIshe d a n momstery mon'lstery monlstery monastery ' here . , the ruins of whid which \ hlch ' ' , including Includmg an old wall wnll and two chapel chapels chapelsst'lnd ; stind st'lnd stlnd stand ' just beside the Dame shouse shouseHere s house houselore Here [ lore an order of 62 monks flourished flourisheduntil until 1412 , " when "hen hen they were withdiawie wathrlawto wlthe1la wathrlaw " n nto to the Abbey of Montobourg Montebourg , 1 In InI n I ranee rance Once Pirate Hauntrears Haunt HauntYears Years rears rolled on and Sark SarJ . becair becamn becamnthe became becamethe e the hiunt b'1unt b1unt haunt ' of ph pliates plates ates , , sud s'lld slld said ' to be flOm flOmScotland froScotland fioi fro m Scotland , who " were ere a constant menace menaceto menacto menac e to shipping shppmg ! in tlie the channel thannel and again agains ag.1Jnst ag1Jnst ag.1Jnstwhom againswhom . ; , t whom expeditions e"pedltlons epedltlons expedmtmons ' { " from Englind Cng1'l.nd Cng1l.nd Cng1lnd Englincl ' . wei wer were weresent wersent e te sent out Tlie The ibiind I.hnd Ihnd island : . " was "as as cleared of oftheir o otheir < , f their presence prlsence , , but ruin was left Idt kit Itheir In Intheir t ttheir n their " wike wake 'll ll ' e It was occupied bv by the therren'ClJ th thl'rendi tl : ne e Fren'ch French rren'ClJ rrenClJ l'rendi lrendi ' ' ' some time early eirl e'lrl elrl ' In the Sb Six Si . : . teenth century , , and nnd it w " wis 'lS lS as ' wrested wrLcte ; from fromthem fro m ; them bv by a ruse , the detills det'1lls det1lls detalls ' of whic wlmlet "hich hich wlmletwere " mi i weie were R'1lelJhhlm " el e recorded by Sli Sit V \ Walter ' \ - a alter Iter Ralel R'1lelJh R1lelJh ' $ i hlm himself < ; elf , , v.hoa . who v.ho vho \\a a \ was : . governor o\ernor o ernor \ of Jerey Jereysome Jerse Jersesome & : , y sonic some fifty ycais yeals years later , as follows ol1ows ( ol1owsA A Flemish rlembh blemish ves vessel el arrh arrived arrhed ed on off ' the theCO'l th thcoast tl : e coi&t coit coast CO'l COl ' & t and the sailors s llors pretended th tht i itheft \t t \ ttheir t their theft ciptain c\ptaln c ptaln ciptaln ' \ was dead dend and asireclease asked asirec askedle'1 . ti i le'1 le1 leive lease ' \ e to bring brmg his body ashol ashoic ashote e fo for forburIal ( r burial On permission perml&son permlson & ! beln being granted grantedthen ' , HIe they then ' eal cairied chivied rled the cnllin colIm cnfhn up lip the hill hili to tothe t o the little church of Stint S'11nt S11nt Saint ' l\hglolre l hglolre .ltigiolre ltigiolre . \ .ltigiolreand , and nnd thfre thpre there , , c1ocln closin closing ; , ; tlio the th ( > door , , they thl'Y thlY : ' openerthe opened opener openedthe 1 the coffin comn , which "hlch hlch " vvis ssas \ "IS IS ' " full of at arms armsturned arm " < turned on the French l'rench lrench trench ' ginlson g'1f1lson g1f1lson girtison ' and andsurpllsed and andcarpi an 1 surpilsed surpllsed carpi Iced them , killing 1 11lIn , { some and tak tal " . ing lug ins the re&t ret rest & prisoners500n prisonersSoon prisoners boon 500n Soon after IlftLr mmftcr this the island vvis W 1 m ' > , ng\ln ng ln nglnde ngii ngiideserted ' \ n de deserted erted untilmorn until IInW [ fiorn flOm morn tlie the f ! island doing < ; Innd of Jer Jersey Jer Jersey sey niose moce niece , a man " who "ho ho wis W1S ywis linilly IIn'llly IInllly finally ' to toethUh t te < o e estibllsh et\hUh et hUh , tabll ' \ , h tlie the future constitution tOu"t1tl1t1on tOut1tl1t1on " of ofI a ( f I ! liiark Sark ark Ihis lhfa 1 ' hi : . \ was a . Sir tilt Ir [ Heller Idler de C'lr Clr Car C'lrtLr Cartcrtt Ci ' tent tcrtt tLr ! t tlie the time tiftv lifts hft , eighth elhhth spigneui soigneum " 1'1 11 ' neUl of S\lnt S lnt Saint SlntOuen Saintloco ' \ ( Ouen loco , . In Jt'I JtI Icisov leiscv " ' " ' V , , 10 to 10hol11 ( o \ wlioin \\hol11 hol11 whom \ In in1FC ( n l'G lG FOG 1FC ' ' : ; , Queen I II/ibptli II ibptli II Ili / , Ih 11)011) 11011 ) ( " > th ) glinted gm I lntell toted tho the islincondltlonnllv IsI'11l11 IsI11l11 Islam IsI'11l11conditlllTlallv Islamconditionally ' 1 conditlllTlallv conditionally bv U\ U bs Ulettel \ lettel Iclteib Icltems : ' 1 pitent Intent itent undt undo uul1lr . r 1r j i t the great reat reat8e1 8e1or sealof scil 8e\1 8e 1 seal ' \ of or - r , , . 1 ' " 1s s : ' \ , , . ; - " giroyil royil rOY'll rOYll ' grint gI'1nt gI1nt grant ' to tllglan gi i ! . 1and T31and ga'e gae gale galeSir c ' to T3- T3 Siri - ' " Sir r , rpow I1nd and hl3 his v'1 v1 ' ' 1 1of successors sUt'Ces'Sors sUtCesSors ' almost aimos almostU6j U6j 11 . pow po " eiS ems on ! condition thanli anli anlithe ) th IJcl1)II IJcl1II that at the iland island , ; with fort fortat forty i'E iE i'Ero ' ro roof of whom he allotted al10ttetl aaPille9 fatnlIes ! , tQ t9 t9land land nland to farm ' mattpo0o a n POI1I POI1ItQ n ortwith mattpo0owith Fich I\ch I ch Vach ' \ Oft"Ith tnan'ia.t man tnan \'ia.t ia.t 'ia.t iat \ ' . Oft "Ith Ith with " a musket muslcet for eJj - . the dcfeJj W- W dcf def ( WIsland Island Isl.md Islmd . ; ; so tint th\t th t that ' \ to this thl < da1 day da10lo ,1 1 , . 0lo . L spoken of ' it is as 'the the 'time time i.lnM ilnM i.lnMOf l5iarm ! : . ' - and even eHn escn no now " , Of at atis the .lhands lhands . + thefthands Whentheft when a " farDl farm farDlo - theft ! o- o - ohan . han hands ls . It Is - still UU UUcIted cItedlQ citpi lQ lQA ! A _ t . - . A _ . condHlon co nditions & of ofti -ti ti the ; d decal as Onr oar oarat thu th at t u a of ofClnt 0 Clnt ) , man with " ! th i 1 11L a . inuA mulr m mof mulrtasE U ; ket tasE ( . ' kept farmU - " ! hThough thigb'Tough on the farm farmthigb thigb n 'J1wugb J1wugb 'Tough Tough ' the De Carteret Cartetet Cartetetowns ( . owns the Manor 'lanor lanor ' falDlJl femtll ? ? ' M , " of ot ol Saint an anfalDlJl ! t q fogsew scv sew e\ e eSuI \ ' S Sirk SuI irk . Ouen DUen , 1nJ fog fogM , . pis.cd piscd plsycd P % . " ( . outot1 ' 1pwhen 0 0t utOf outof out ut Of 1p , It \ when hcn . , In 173 1732 1133 . ' > , It ft . . ' " was n Ils -Q Q " ' - Qrlght sold soldQ withrights rights rlght and privilegeV privileges privilege soldwith V with ltb " IJ\ IJ \ IJCdme d dcame , , ind and nd . tTen Er 'present present ' cume Cdme came to the great grcdt fcrandmoth trandmothe br n nnd K present pre < ; ent Dame Damc mothe- mothe mothefit . - , fit . of R s Sark " , ar k kmothe III IIImany ( in III to , lt ltuz K 10 o.J2 oJ2 . > uz uzs , many yeirs ye'lrs yelrs years ' an artl11e artl11eo.J2 tv tvmantalned f ? trmint artillery arilllery r mlVnatv rtrmint r lnlU m'1lnt m1lnt mantalned ' ( lined 'lIned ' , , consl mlVna ? tQ tQhundl consisting tlng tlngr tlngf tlnglnlU ol of f ahool , bQut . hundl bundled hundred ed men , . , now all ii that arc are thatarc a n few old rem r ' 'lnd lnd Ind lyfagInd ' haIr half hidden cannon canno cannothat In br bracken cDg { lyfag hin ell ) ! and aad , dl4.1 dl41 dl4.1on . " ' . " . on the cllITs cliffs ' , "hle hle while " ! I Iell In Inthe n the 1 10 > . - th the ui e > - D'1rne D1rne i Dime's Dimes ' iuiua ' s hou'Se houSe nouse ' Is is B a fi fineolilk fined ne old .01jnA.I 01jnA.I 01jnAI k . . ( 'cannon cannon ' cannon which W'lSa wis W'lS WlS ssas ' presentri presented . ' to toA A . first &o.gneur o.gneur ogneur 5e'gneur 5egneur seigneur & u K KBBl of . , bark Sark arb . In "I I " "Iueen Q Queen ueen Fliziheth rllz'lheth rllzlheth tlizaheth ' , , ' and b bijjJ bears ears Iln as 1 lot ijjJ in ; 1tion tlon lion to that effect err'eet erreet err'eetears n I IThe The Dame Darnes Dames shouse house , , 0 0I 0I I ' rlies I r or'S orS II 0II lies -,1103 or'S,1103 es , In Ui a n < ; sheltered hclteretl hclteretlar ; or'Selga orSelga ; Selgntt % ' - t . 1 , , part ar of o oad f thp the . , + "InrI InrI 'm m ' " ' thind ad , like ilhe all the old h hOf hou lieu BBl es , ln 13 t o of f grav gray rav granite TheOlu The Olu IlOal11'1rt origmalorpert gpirt BBlHjB Ot origmalor orlfini IlOal : , , or ? 11'1rt 111rt pert ' of the hou.e houe hou-e hou e house . ' - d'tl dtl d'tlor dating doling . ' . . ' , ng froID from { 1 , .1 1 b .ItUJ S stands t anus on the site HjB of the .I I 'I I . ' oilmq oil m mq I teri tUJ levy , . and nnd no doubt rOI otuenused many of t tier ' + 'i i . ! , 11 used < : pd to build Itere it d \ were \-ere ere - t taken ; j ! 1ruins froaVt froa rol : ! ruins rhe Phe flrephce fireplace then Jthe In the hallt the dote d lte IG 1G73 j ; and the sune II . sundla 1 9.W 9W . i outside IGS5 1635 ' Tbe The ; , gardens " "r r u " ens nre arecpa ( I\ I \ < . It : t ' Ito to tne the gencnl gener'll generll general ' public puhhe ft t- t tcharge - , ' lice f fr ree ( ( OfCJ ot of , -charge charge - charge otcharge , , eerysiondav \ every C\ery C ery eery londaT 'Iondav Iondav siondav siondavAppeal ' ' Appeal to the Dam Dam'Great DamGreat Dar , . ' . Great privileges privne es are alfflys always t tpanle ate . panle atepanted panlcd panted b by bv ) grive gr'lt'e grlte grave ' ' responsibilities responsmbllhti recponslblUtesct03 ; ( , , 4 . ( , 4that thit th'lt thlt that ' the |