from the 0 Correspond of or the journal of commerce I 1 earthquake AT berdut berrot syria may 14 1835 1855 having 0 visited reveral several places in the east from sin smyrna arna to the dead sei in ili which remain the deepA leep traces races of the volcanic action or terrible earthquakes which it in per mis wis remote or comparatively desolate them I 1 mis wms prompt prompted cd to facts and information I 1 was able resi rest cling thee these app ap pp illius c tx strophes but while turning nty iny attention in ill this direction an event occurred not far g back attention fro a the past to the present roea rota tila ilia remote to what 6 ulmot almott occurring tind under my eyes startled byan by an event the tile like liko of winch inch I 1 had bad never witnessed or been dear near I 1 begin begun beg in at oue one to gather up whatever could be obtained oMA ined from front the tho and constantinople french papers and also from private sources little d dreaming breand ng however tha I 1 was to write a chapter which three mouths have not riot brought to an end I 1 I 1 the city of brousha is of great antiquity anti outi quit having bren been the ci the tile province of and afterwards of tiie ilie th Tur jih empire und nd the burial place of tho Sulta sultans hs irom which fact as well as its from its mime numerous rous mid wid uld nid splendid mosques there having been formerly albut abut etwas called by the lo lertis tha the ilia iha 11 II ly city cuy it is situated a tile the foot of mount olympus Olymp ua on the tiie coast of the tile bim k sea fea ie though not directly ou on the tile shore hagim having Gliem lk for its ita po t as its paris has havre i the dist distance arme alre front is on y v about CO GO miles across tile tiie water within a recent period tile the population was fully though various muses causes have hive h ive contributed of late luto to re reduce uce ace it to composed of turks greeks jews and Armen armenians ians lans and for ages it has lias been one ono ot the tho most flau fluur ri ilu liu hing ng corm corn commercial hercul emporiums of the tho turkish empire the american board established estabi shed a irli ini sion slon gon th years ago with willi heckl reference to tite tits ar medians men ians which has ben berli one on of die the most mo fui ful of all under their direction in ili the tiie eist E its mineral springs chosa hose healing virtues were perhaps the work of the fires gires bot baneat leath li it which have finally destroyed it have been celebrated for a aes ages es the girst first intimation of the terrible events chief were to follow wa was gren on oil Satu saturday iday february 17 on the island of sano situa situated td in the archipelago pelago not far below Saly saty S byrna rila and aud near the irmin land and some three hundred r four hydred miles distant from brousha Bro usaa about midnight or oil that day the inhabitants were disturbed in hir lumbers by the shocks of an earthquake iv lafell in their thein violence regularity and duration bad had not been equalled equal led by tiny similar occurrence in ili the memory living livina B ginning at midnight they continued t th nim HIM i night and till the tile tuesday following n it fout foul int interruption some of the asocks listed not les le s than five or six seconds and arid gave tty t ha tho lfonsi Ilou lion si sest all an oscillatory motion which threaten d to tumble fumble them on ue fhe ground at every moment As samos 1 L little lew leo thin the pr product induct of or volcanic vo canic at rho tion the tile T eople were at once persuaded the shocks werf connect ed with an earthquake in AuR Antolia tolia or some idina M l ind in tile archipelago growing feebler aid wid ald feebler they filially dually ceased without occasioning occa atly an considerably injury at the same lime lima a violent shock occasioned alarin at attha tha the port of uarl acri not far for from front rhodes which if it occasioned extreme peril vet yet et ia in one las i stanca istance wrought a av wonderful ond erful it is stated a littie ultra village was being swallowed up whole and alive when having fuk fun sunk funk k sixty fiet fret its ita pro progress gregs greis was stayed without the loss cf a single englel Ing lei iel life ilfe or the ruin rutn of a single house the unlucky and finding tl themselves easely at the bottom of a et sort of tunnel were glad giad to make ladders and thu thus 9 escape esc ipe jpe from their prisons 1 all remained quiet fron irim february 21 to february 28 the tha last lasi day of the mouth month when a shock aldr alarmed ined the city of smyrna bt 3 in the morning remarkable able abie fer for its duration rather than its violence the oscillations were very regular and went from north to south youth the same samo day aud and the same hour constantinople was vas shaken by a violent earthquake the ilia centre of which was a soon ascertained to ba be tiie tha ill fated city of brousha Br after torrens lorrens of rain hj had descended for 24 hours accompanied with will terrible claps of thunder and gales from the southeast south ehst east at 9 in the tha evening the sky was sudden suddenly iv overcast and tila the strong odor of burning r and iron was diffused through tile the atmosphere when wilen a sudden shock of earthquake laid lid the city in ruins the first oscillation was wes from west to east then came a sort of violent gambolling gam bolling of the earth then another oscillation much more violent than the first and then thew a calm succeeded after a shock of 50 or 60 seconds duration but short as the time wits it was ion lon iong long enough to bring destruction upon this ancient renowned and flourishing flourish lug ing city from CO GO to SO 80 minarets mina with us as many maby hnativ mosques were either shaken shahen down or else cracked iu m such a manner as to threaten instant falling rum Rom numerous romelous erous khans ahans were also destroyed st and large splendid edifices utterly disappeared under the mighty eighty heaps of ruins ruing which covered them tiem ilem among the mosques destroyed was one ancient and celebrated celebia ted and the pride of the city beim belm being of elegant grecian architecture and having stood for twelve hundred 5 ears another whose magnificent proportions and splendid workmanship recalled the tha ancient gland giand eur cur and opulence of the old turkish capital and had bad six kix hundred years was greatly injured but not destroyed the greek quarter situated upon a hill was the most damaged tho the houses from above falling fulling upon those below and together crushing the dael ings and their inmates in fix one ona case a silt s blk lk lic steam factory fell upon the owner his two sons and thirty female operatives burying all in its ruins to add to the calamity a fila file broke out among the falleti buildings which spread further destruction of property but which was wag arrested after six hours work of destruction travelers upon the land and passengers Ii upon tile the sea set gazing at the ilia terrible volume of flame were unable ili in the distance to determine whether it was a conflagration or a volcano v during the tha night the shocks were repeated every half hour budwith but with d minis irine liine violence and continued to be leit felt for five or six days after but slightly ai d at il intervals rhe tile the streets is blocked up by the ilia rulus ruins tha the houses fallen or rendered the people were obliged to resort to lle ile the lie fields outside the walls where they tiley pitched their tents or pillowed billowed pill owed their heads under the canopy of heaven even the wooden buildings were to injured as not to be trusted by their owners the whole number of those who perished was fully at the birne time intelligence was brought from different parts of the province provin cp that whole villages had llad been utterly des troyed a fr gotful number of the being buried in the tile ruins forces of the earth seemed to have exhausted their thein power w with ith the overthrow of brobis ra and the surrounding country for shocks were felt 0 ly feebly and during tile the month of march llarch A catiz ii a of brousha Br writing under the date of april 1 4 says for three bys we have not had all an earthquake and confidence begins to be reestablished established re among the ilia people but the misery is immense and tile the country also favored with an all admirable na mirable temperature ture tire is clothed with vegetation and without any iduster dis ster star occurring the best beat hopes of the farmers will be realized i at the very moment these hopes were cherish cherished pd arid and expressed the agencies of nature nattle were prepared for neVA and wider destruction for in the night of ot apri A arl 5 tile the people sunk fi hi refresh refreshing ing lug and quit sleep steel were alarmed 1 by y a violent shock which recalled the 1 I 1 10 r cenes scenes of february eo 28 these shocks were repeated repealed from hour to hour night dight buti butu with less force when they finally ceased with slight vertical hori horl movements but wednesday april aprill 11 was A memorable day ili in the records of this d city not 0 onty only 1 ay iy repeating but exceeding the horrors of cebrun february I 1 y 28 at half past six in fit til tit the evenings violent shock was felt at constantinople which lasted fifteen seconds and was followed by others during euring that night and the billit following and weg wes felt at smyrna at tila the same time A pesse passenger riger who wiio came from ili ill the e port of B outfit stated that the shock was so sp violent there desia list that bhough he be was in a wooden wooded houie houte lie desla desired to leave it and was obliged to step na an the stairs stair hang haag oil on to them in order to escape falling but the sli bli shucks shocks eks which only fright frightened emd ewd the of Constanli constantinople nope and arid Sni annihilated whatever ev er remained of or brous a beginning about eijin hoflock of lock jn in the tiie evenings evenin gr they were repeated with willi extraordinary ra rapidity vo ity aad aird came I 1 I 1 violence chatau the P people te who happened to be in the street streets q or out of or door doo rp ww thrown upon the ground they tiute during tho ills of the nigh night I 1 biti with less and also alto with less destruction desi ruction 6 because cause they hed echi achieved eved all the tin ruin which was wag po posit sll sit le ff fifty minarets mina inina before wery worn i turn tumbled bled bied to the dw ground around and entire I 1 streets were so I 1 locked up with the debris of falling buildings BS us to make circulation impossible I 1 in the first catastrophe many khans ahans had bad been able to withstand but now they were cemp lied to fall all before this thia of god As before 3 conflagration followed ke end and added to horrors erthe cene scene lie the Ct custom itom house louse took fire and was eoon soon reduced to adv athra o with all the merchandise jt it contained from froni fire tire was wa communicated to the ilia woo wooden woolen ideis buildings which aich the earthquake had spared and soon they became the tile prey of or the ff inies nii ait nil the mosques ani and tile the ancient and renowned monuments ol 01 brousha Bro ussa assa were burned or more or less injured the inhabitants surprised byllie by tile tiie calamity had only time to dleo fleo from their houses and take refuge the tents atch they spread fur for tile ilia company the tha number of persons ascertained to have havet been killed ws weis about without completing the ilia investigation A reh ret resident ident of brousha writes mites as fo follows llois to the journal de constantinople under the dite dute of april in my iest lest letter I 1 informed you mgt that if the shocks of earthquakes continued every day d ay iy still we were hoping to reach the end of our calamities when on wednesday evening april lith at thirty minutes pait palt pai pal t one by turkish time a dull sound bound was heard proceeding from the tile bowels of the earth the forerunner or rather the very presence of the terrible catastrophe which must in a few seconds secours have reduced to ruins whatever remained of the holy Holi city five minutes idler a second vertical shuck shock succeeded succeed td and wi it such violence that the entire city was as raised from its foundations and burled buried down with a terrible crash this lasted listed about twenty five seconds but had at least three times the force of the earthquake of the to describe to you yon all the heart heartrending rending scenes the sufferings and agonies of our unfortunate population would be impossible to me in the painful impressions under wt wl ich I 1 labor all the die monuments and all the structures of stone are overthrown or broken while the greater part of the wooden buildings have fallen and among those that remain few are inhabitable As in ili the ilia first instance five minutes after tile the earthquake i a fire broke out in fit the lower part of the city which lasted eiga eighteen teen hours and consumed fifteen undred hundred 11 hous houses and shops for twenty four hours the shocks were repeated at small intervals the greate part parl weak but some violeet to bring down the tottering walls aud and houses which remained rem dined I 1 do not k of the ma materia terii teril losses which are incalculable cu lable I 1 call can oly oly pour my tears over the he un happy h appy lot of the vic victims tinis tiuis buried under the rums arums or burnt alive alve hy by the conal n the precise number cannot bel ba known but I 1 think it must be immense i jile the tile news wh ch lias has just come to ui nit from the provi kolii ces iced ices is ff of rhe the most distressing nature in it lle ile the lie southwest many v klages have been entirely destroyed or greatly dabag d at once nea nearly the whole on left tile the city of constantinople while the unhappy natives eleam encamped d in the girdens and out of the city in ill mikeral mise raila ralla 6 barracks dasilv constructed of the debris of n lion ilon honses houses ses unil and the city was mide nide a desert but dut misfortune did not quit them there for violent shocks folio followed vied tied which made tho the very tents tremble which sheltered them the tile mineral waters doubled their volume and warm worm water ran everywhere city I 1 should have stated sidled in makin makina making out this extended record of a memorably memo memord rabi bl and rare occurrence that the rland ol 01 rhodes ata graat great di distance from brousha Br in ili the southern Archi was visited hued by ava a violent on oil th tin ath of april and in ill till th northern archipelago oil on tile the same day and hoir hour with broussal Br the tile shocks continued to be experienced ut tit brousha Br down town to ehte last of april and the inhabitants were prepared for more disasters 9 i it will be seen that the ecea area of this earthquake is is of vast extent embr embracing achig tile the nor thirn and vestern western ve stern pats orasia of asia asla minor the full leil fell length tit of tile the from irom bolth to south and ad a part of europe tile the frequency of ilis ills shocks li and their long continuance io reaching aching from february 17 to nearly nearis the hie present time if it not further are without pie cedat in ili the history of simi ar phenomena and make the occurrence oce one of rare interest but here is another and more agreeable study before me from which I 1 ii ver wish to turn my eyes glorious sending up it its t s aag eak peaks ks feet into the tile sky sometimes v vid I 1 in the ie clouds and sometimes bathed bit lied in the biln ru sun run ight like him who ho made it nand hand and add itilia with h the ilia mercury at 80 degrees in the cool stone houses at its base a