Show Construction of Houses Important in Extensive Poultry Raisin Raising I SA VING OF lABOR IN BUSINESS BUSINESS' The Commercial rt Should Consider Carefully the Construction of His Houses to Insure Comfort f CONVENIENCE AND ANDi i fc ECONOMY IMPORTANT Joo o Heavy Investment t in 4 Building Often Otten Hinders Operations Op Op- by Not Not Leaving 31 Sufficient Working Capital w nv n ir u. n n. n Head of ot New ew Jersey State Experiment I a Station Rutgers N. N J. J Copyright h t 1913 ii n by the tho Eugene McGuckIn McGuck- McGuck I In Company Compan tC A rn installment on Oft Km t more morr n I is to 10 the commercial pout tr In 10 the article Definite plan nr nrc ilc de of R a multiple mill Inin honc capable ot of Indefinite expansion n nt at t z I l. l cut Sn o much h I I dependent on rn mir mir- l r o hi fib JI poultry j i-j that particular attention li Si given on to de- de he Information hed Inn In Iii 1 n contribution to tills of 7 or Of Interest rr t ilao It l' Mr r article of ot A White 1 one ne of th the 1 U 11 0 n o of do tillS t hart bark to tn India lOOts It II C. C It U M-HM M bred for hUn JT r r I IJ lire commercial dt 1 who must mUl often winter several seve-ral i thou thousand and must uso use Ip cla I rare ere in the the- l an and construction of oC Ills hOll houses Aside from having haing them lf congenial ng ho he must have c them designed de de- de- de signed 1 with reference to convenience con In Baring for 01 the birds In planning tho the house houi-e provision pro should be made mad for tor as Ili I tHO ninny saving labor devices as possible i juch uch uli as swinging doors between com com- pens with a a. friction stop iwen n.- n. Lr Large targe c. c sel-c sel self seif in hoppers Joud be used which require filling min but once nCe Ice a week weel thus eliminating a great reat amount of ot labor Drinking vessels should be of ot such a L t type t-pc that thc they rap cap be easily and quickly cleaned the nest should be conveniently located and c R easy y of or access Next ext to convenience economy econom In construction con con- should be of or paramount con con- It I Is 15 vcr very e easy SY to build houses which are too expensive and ana which will permanently tie up a R. larger amount of or capital that should hould not bo be used for that p purpose In man many casesa cases a too heavy T In Investment in ill buildings has 1 greatly hindered operations by not nol leaving ln sufficient working capital to meet the maintenance and operation e expenditures x pe n I t U tC With these two facts especially In mind the housing question has been carefully studied and after three years of or experimentation the Now New Jersey Jerse state slata experiment station has ol e evolved eold d tho the following type of or laying house which will om fit tit all conditions from a a. one onehundred onehundred hundred bird flock to any limit Multiple Unit Laying The unit capacity Is s one hundred d birds bIrd each unit of ot one ono hundred haying having a house twenty by tw twenty nty feet Ceet which ma makes es four tom hundred square qU lre feet of or floor space or four tour square feet per bird When it Is desired to keep more than thon thIs number number say say two hundred or five hundred the hundred the stan standard ard unit can bo he In Increased In- In creased to accommodate the number de de- de sired For purpose of ot discussion a 8 double double double dou dou- ble unit house will wili b b used th the tho outside dimensions of ot which ore arc forty tort by twenty t ty feet For a 3 double unit with capacity for tor two hundred hens the Bills should be mado made of four b by six material and should be bolted to a foundation wall walI eight inches s wide and twenty Inches deep which should bo be laid on tamped cinders or crushed stone atone the entire depth of ot the foundation trench being bein three feet feet- It will be noted that the shed roof typo of ot construction is used being nine and one half feet teet high in front and four and ind on one halt haIC feet foet in back All 11 studding an and rafters rafter arc are ma made o of or l yellow pine or hemlock A 5 girder girder gir girder gir gir- der runs the I length n th of the house supporting supporting sup sup- porting the tho roofing rafters at their center rener ren- ren ter er end and is il it itself supported every ten Ce feet t by lw posts resting on concrete crt piers The plate should be mn made e of material doubled and all Joints broken All outside walls and root roof should b be bc I single lc boarded preferably of oC six siv six or ei Ight ht inch ton tongued led and grooved yellow elJo pine Tho rho roof and back wall should bo be covered co with fth a a. good r roofing paper all Joints being carp carefully lIr lapped and aud re- re The muslin curtains arc hinged at the tou ton and can be lifted up The three b. b by five sash ash is Ia R hinged at the side aide on opens ns One window in each pen hould b be so constructed that the lower part of or the wall under tinder s same samo m will open hen desired thus thun making malin a 3 combination combination tion ion door and window This will win greath great- great w h v facilitate cleaning an and filling rUling hop- hop especially i if iL the house is quite I long o ong n g. g of Construction The dropping boards perches and anti nests ests are best nIT n arranged ed on the back wall wail the perches being hinged ed to the wall so o that they can he be hooked up when hen cleaning The ne nests ts should ii be he placed under the front of oC the dropping board the birds entering them from the tIte- he bac back awl and the eggs acTs in he-in being taken laken from Crom froma n a door In the front The dividing l ln par par- between c each eh unit should be benade made nade of or wood and extend from the back wall vail to within six Ix feet of oC the front wall wail the remaining space being loft entIrely open except when it I Is lri desired to o keep the layers In one hundred bird hird locks flocks In which case this opening can cane be e provided pro with Ith a wire partition witha with a swing door This partition ent draughts and can b be conveniently con user used for or a largo large self feeding hopper which should hould preferably be built Into tho the wall when hen the house is built bunt An elevated platform should b constructed constricted under ho tho muslin openings s which pro provides abundant space for the grit shell IShell and d 1 drinking fountains When hen the tho house lonae Is completed complete a a. concrete con con- crete floor loor should be laid and be he built bunt I a as follows 5 First a layer of or ten inches or of cinders or other drainage material which should sho be e thoroughly tamped should hould bo be laid b below low the ground rou lI line This ke keeps ps the soil moisture away from ho tho bottom of tho the concrete second a no rough ough coat of concrete about three inches and over o this this a finish coat of equal parts of oC sand and cement should be laid and same sam float finished Such a floor is moisture proof rat- rat proof vermin proof easily and quickly cleaned and It costs Costa no flO more than a a. well constructed wood floor and Is Is' moro more permanent I for or n a Unit Double-Unit Lumb Lumber r Sills 6 d j pieces bG by 20 0 feet hem hem- lock Plates Pl S pieces by 20 O feet reet hem hem- lock Posts 2 pieces e by 1 14 feet hem hem- 2 pieces b by 18 13 fe feet t. t h hemlock Studding 9 pieces b by IS 18 feet hemlock 1 1 I pieces b by 14 H feet Ceet hem hm- lock Rafters 21 1 pieces 24 t b by 22 feet teet h hemlock Frame for nests and dropping boards 5 pieces i x by br 16 t feet foet t hemlock 2200 OO square quare feet Inch S-Inch tongued an and boards to for root roof grooved groo yellow ellow pine dropping boards hoards walls and nests OO linear feet lx white pine for curtain frames and trim linear feet teet 14 white pine for tor forOne nests Ono One bundle plaster lath for Cor brood broody coop cool Nails ans 10 pounds twenty penny wire J 50 0 O pounds ten penny wire 20 O pounds eight penny enn wire Approximate cost of ot the above abo 4 Roofing paper 1060 square feet teet or eleven rolls roUs at 3 00 Four special sash three b by five feet at 2 S soo 00 Muslin eight square yards at 20 30 cents Hardware as hinges cs locks tacks tack hooks and wire nire Foundation nn and floor loor Cement 3 35 bags baSs at 50 30 c cents 1750 1730 li O Cinder or gravel 30 yards at 1 1 E Sand San an 5 yards 0 70 Total for tor floor Total co cost t. t not including labor I ii concrete floor is put In the thc house and sand has to be purchased P This gives a 3 cost of or one square foot of ot floor apace space 22 3 It I shows a a. cost per bird allowing allow allow- In lag ing 4 square feet teel for Cor each hen SS 88 Adding labor to this at quarter one the cost coat of ot material the total cost coat would be 2236 or per bird This typo type of house hous meeting as It dO does 8 all conditions for tor the tho average producer of or market eggs can be pc built at a a. reasonable rea rca cost less than 1 I per bird for tor material It is so 80 arr arranged and designed that the work worl of or caring for a large e can be done with Ith the minimum amount of ot time arid and labor The largi tari amount of or open front admits of oC ar at abundance of ot sunlight ht oven even In the short shortest est cst da day In winter The rue use uso of ot a liberal amount of or muslin Insures and fr fresh h air and at the same time dor doi away with all danger of or excelS moisture The floor loor and foundation J construction keeps tho the house dry an ant makes it rat proof Tho The house i 1 Sj planned so as ae to give ample room foi to the thc unit which is one hundred birds each bird being given gl tour four our feet All Ul fixtures as at nests fountain hoppers etc otc aro raised above o the floor giving the entire floor area to th tb birds The roosting quarters arc aro In tl thi back part far Car removed from Crom the front where the birds can be prot protected at night from extreme cold A ventilator tor Is provided In th the hack back for tor ue use o ot OD warm summer Mummer nights to increase th the circulation of air and l keep cep the birds bird from Crom suffering from tho the heat Two hundred Leghorn I pullets in ini i- i double doub unit house hous of this type avera during the winter of oC 1912 and daily dalh production of or per cen cent and ani during March April and andJa May Ja an average aver cr age n-e production of or Gj 67 per pcr cent conclusive proof that thal the environment was such as to make the birds bIrds' cont contented contented con con- t tented and happy J K |