Show r WN TIME FOR YOUR RED F FLANNELS L A HORTS may come and undershirts S SHORTS der shirts may go but with the first twinge of frosty weather there are still men in the united states who are walking up to store counters and demanding red flannel underwear adding one hundred thousand dollars to the fund which this country spends every ever y year in the business of keep w near warm Mever X one however are the days when aang ing ear muffs out of a trunk in sn the attic and chopping enough stove wood to fill the back yard constituted the average m mans a its preparations for the winter mo months then he was not troubled with the knowledge that has now come to light through medical research that the temperature of the human body can not drop more than five degrees without causing death in most cases getting hot 1937 style involves not only coal miners and wood choppers but scientists delving into the mysteries of new kinds of heat architects poring over blueprints for automatically heated homes and engineers supervising the operation of huge machines that work with machine gun rapidity stamping out the parts tor for b boilers burners and electric stoves in the first place there is the matter of supplying enough fuel to heat the homes and commercial structures that require artificial heat when the mercury slides down towards the freezing point for coal all during the summer and tall fall more than men have been working with pick and shovel in mines throughout the country piling up mountains of coal for protect protection io against the arctic blasts to come coal dealers estimate that between 50 and 60 per cent of the coal bought for heating purposes is shoveled into furnaces during the winter 11 months bringing the united v states coal bill for this season of Y the year alone to about in the oil and gas fields of oklahoma texas california and pennsylvania an army of laborers Is kept busy extracting gas and fuel oil to aid in hi the business of keeping warm so rapidly has the heating beating of houses and buildings with fuel oil and gas increased in the past few years that it is estimated barrels of fuel oil will be needed this winter to keep modern modem furnaces roaring and the bill will reach the staggering total of more than shivering house owners will dig down into their pockets tor for another tor for gas and additional thousands of dollars tor for electricity to run the most modern of all heating beating equipment J such tremendous expenditures for fuel were unheard of a generation or two ago and in fact the modern trend towards automatic heating which is now sweeping the country and piling up huge fuel and equipment bills did not begin in earnest until after the world war the two kinds of heat almost all the modern a ampro improvements ve in heating equipment which make life not only possible but comfortable for table m in the temperate zone stem from experiments conducted not by isolated research experts but by with old man winter wetting his chilly whistle americans get ready to spend keeping warm scientists working in the laboratories of one of the count rys largest electrical companies that present day americans are indebted for improvements that have come from the amazing discovery that there are essentially two kinds of heat radiant and connected ed connected ed heat the kind given off by open fires and hot air furnaces produces warmth by heating the air orl on the other hand it was found that radiant heat consists of rays which warm the body without necessarily essa rily having much effect on the surrounding air air conditioned bird house As the result of this research and investigations by scientists connected with other industrial concerns engineers have found the answer to widely varying problems in heating brought about by changed conditions of modern modem living they have conquered the difficulties of installing 65 miles of steam conduits beneath the swarming arteries of traffic in new york to pipe warmth from central heating plants to 2000 office and residence buildings on the opposite end of the scale is the successful installation of a separate heating system in a bird house the steam heated bird house probably the only one in existence is the property of a california woman in training canaries to sing she found it most eff effective active to keep them shut up in large outdoor houses completely insulated against outside noises so that the birds would hear nothing but the sound of phonograph records being played this brought on the problem of air condi dioning the bird house bouse and a complete ventilating and steam heating w 4 Y ck A aw V ai zw oil f i IN 19 91 fa 1 jw eky ah M X A i keeping warm in winter has its problems for the poor fellow in the cartoon who like other americans wears red flannels in the winter the airlines have their warmth problem licked for the same mobile unit left which pumps cold air into the planes in summer fills them with warm air in winter after they take off a steam heating unit goes into operation some scientists predict that one day most of our heat beat will come from the sun via the solar machine such as dr C G abbot of the smithsonian institution Is demonstrating right system was installed with steam heat pipes enclosed in the walls managers ot of the nations transcontinental airways faced with the difficulties of df passenger comfort on winter flights took their problem to heating engineers who have developed a unique system tor for warming the huge passenger planes that now roar across the sky trails As the result of scientific research and experiments cross country planes this winter will be warmed by flying steam heat designed to maintain a temperature in the cabins of at least 70 degrees even during the coldest weather the flying heaters which weigh only pounds produce enough steam to heat a five room house on the ground using only eight quarts of water the miniature boilers are heated by exhaust gases from the engines and the temperature is regulated either by thermostats or by controls in the pilots compartment provision is ii made for a complete change of air in the transport planes every four minutes so that the atmosphere mo sphere does not become stuffy before the takeoff take off of each flight and before the exhaust from the engines has had a chance to start the steam heater beater in operation the interiors of the huge planes are warmed by special mobile heating beating units maintained at the airports these units mounted on small trucks pump warmed air into the cabins thus bringing the temperature to the desired level before passengers enter the ship thawing out iron ore not only is human comfort in the wintertime dependent on scientific developments but the business life of the nation as well for industrial schedules must be maintained despite weather conditions here again research experts in one industry came to the rescue of another when engineers of the B F goodrich company solved a stubborn problem at the root of all in 7 the largest part of tons of coal will be burned in the next three or four months austry by making it possible to ship iron ore in zero weather from the great lakes district on the shores of lake superior where snow and ice close in while the big ore are boats are still run running ning carloads of wet iron ore freeze into solid chunks before they can be unloaded to meet this emergency the engineers devised a hose of specially compounded rubber through which super heated steam is pumped into the cars effectively thawing out the ore so that it can be handled quickly and efficiently and shipped to the steel mills as the food to keep industry humming bumming while the ravenous demands of the steel mills are being satisfied heating engineers have also had bad the problem of keeping food for the dinner tables moving to the markets in winter tropical fruits tor for instance are brought brough t into in to this country green and then ripened in specially constructed heating rooms bananas are put in rooms to ripen with the temperature carefully regulated between 58 56 and 70 degrees by controlling the temperature of the ripening rooms marketers mark eters can delay or hasten the rip ripening ening process despite the emphasis on heat beat for food industries and homes the business of keeping warm has as one ot of hempst he most trouble troublesome sorge problems the t 1 w ll difficulty ot f keeping a na nation on com 11 tor for table during the winter while re fire hazards to the lowest possible point the extent to w which aich this is b eing being accomplished can be easily seen from the tact fact that while the volume of business increased 34 per cent in the automatic heating industry from 1935 to 1936 fire losses inar increased eased only per cent fire losses decrease according to statistics compiled by the authoritative heating and ventilating magazine the volume of business in the automatic heating beating industry has jumped more than 20 per cent in the past five years in 1932 it is estimated that the sale of automatic heating equipment amounted to only by 1936 this figure had indrea 1 i I to I 1 meanwhile fire losses in the united states in 1936 totaled according to estimates of the national board of fire underwriters As scientists attack this problem as well as others there is a hint that the future might see great changes not only in the type of heaters used but in the kind of fuel for recent experiments point to a time when we may get all or most of our heat from the sun dr C G abbot head of lof th the smithsonian institution has recently ly developed a solar heater that is the most efficient yet produced uti klizing the hot rays of the sun reflected by a bright metal sheet he has succeeded in heating a black liquid called to a temperature at which it can be used for turning water into steam experts declare that solar rays available for heat are at least 1000 times as powerful as all the coal oil and hydroelectric hydro electric power now used although the conversion ofsan of sun rays into heat Is still too to corn com pete with the cheaper and better known own fuels scientists say the day may come when these are all exhausted and when we will turn to the sun for heat and power and the business of keeping warm wardwill will literally be done with mirrors a western newspaper union 1 A |