Show satorv 0 3 F r picking coffee berries in brazil I 1 prepared by the national geographic r society oc lety washington D 0 d recent announcement that T tnie coffee consumption in the united states climbed to a total of 13 pounds per person in 1930 adds interest t to 0 the checkered career of oatho the beverage since it was first brewed in the near east a millennium and a halt half ago there are about 81 80 species of coffee plants but only a few of them are extensively cultivated for commercial i i use the coffee plant Is a cousin of the cinchona tree from the bark of ahl which c h quinine Is produced gambler which furnishes tanning material and dyes that bear the same name and madder from the roots of which a substance Is ex extracted that Is IT important po r in some red dyes also are rt related to the coffee plant the coffee plant started its worldwide ramblings centuries ago beginning in the hills of E ethiopia opla it jumped the red hed sea and coffee i plantations began to rise above the coil boll of the extreme southern tip of arabia where the famous mocha coffee now ts is prod produced u ced later it was carried to europe about years ngo and then to the west indies and brazil tradition has it that the discovery of coffees stimulating effect upon the human system was an accident one story runs that the plant was discovered in the fourth century by a group of monks who had been driven out of egypt and found refuge in the ethiopian hills bills the monks maintained themselves by agriculture and sheep and goat raising one night a monk reported to his leader that the flocks would not rest that they were wide awake and frisking about during the hours when they should be quiet the leader started investigations that led aed to the coffee plant which he found the animals consumed while browsing on the MlIs hillsides hill sides Ides ne ile chewed a few of the berries from the strange bush and found that they kept him unusually usually nn alert during the night services which were held in accordance with his religion although coffee did not strike a popular cord among europeans until the fifteenth century as early as the reign of charles 11 II in the middle of the seventeenth century there were more than coffee houses in london today coffee Is a popular brew in every continent and on the civilized islands ands of the seas with the united states as the worlds leading consumer more afore than pounds of coffee were imported by the united states lost year first used as aa a paste I 1 i but the coffee berry has had its ups and downs during its rise to fame in the beverage world its first use nse I 1 was in the form of a paste which was eaten early moslems were not permitted to drink wine so they learned the art of making a brew from coffee berries the name coffee Is derived from the arable arabic word kah weh web which was pronounced by the turks I 1 ahvah was the general arabic term for intoxicating liquors according to some authorities the first cup of coffee was drunk as a refreshment at aden arabia in the fifteenth Fifteen tl I 1 century cairo began drinking the beverage about RO 50 years later meanwhile moslem leaders held a meeting at mecca flecca where they decided that coffee should be banned that was in 1511 As a result of the mecca decision coffee warehouses were burned and coffee houses were closed in many parts of the mohammedan world some of the coffee house proprietors were beaten with their own brewing utensils by fanatical Alos moslems lems the ilie ban ann in egypt lasted only thirteen tee n years when sultan bellm I 1 gave c coffee 0 afee his stamp of approval ne he emphasized pha sized ills his approval of the brew by ordering the execution of two persian doctors who had denounced the use nse of coffee as injurious to health today egypt Is among the largest coffee drinking regions of the world some desert people of egypt and the near east use the beverage in connection wa with th religious observances in the east coffee Is usually used in powdered form the coffee beans popularly known in the united states are placed in a mortar and pounded then the powder Is put into boiling water ohp coffee maker serves the beverage only after a prescribed ceremony ile he pours a small quantity of the liquid into one cup and then rinses each cup with the brew after nil 11 cups have been rinsed the rinsing liquid lo in poured on the firo fire as a tribute to esh Sha dhIlly the coffee drinkers patron aalf a cup Is served first to the eldest and most honored guest to hand a full cup to a guest would mould be an insult coffee map of the world if one were to construct a coffee map of the world filling in coffee growing areas in black he would find most 0 of f his dark area on the portion of the world map between the ills tropic of capricorn and the tropic of cancer mexico would be filled in from the tropic of cancer to its southernmost border the whole area of central america and a wide coastal rim around the northwestern shoulder of south america including portions of ecuador bolivia and peru on the pacific and columbia and the on the atlantic would also be marked its as well as jamaica liala porto rico and santo sant 0 domingo an inverted ln arted pear shaped area on the atlantic Atlar lc coast of brazil from bahia to a point south of rio hlo de janeiro in brazil Is the worlds reading leading coffee producing g area in this region la Is sao paulo state whose prosperity rises and falls with the condition of the coffee industry coffea coffee Is responsible for the fact that the state has more miles of railroads than any other state in the republic the railroad leading from santos the worlds chief coffee port to sao paulo the worlds coffee capital Is one of the richest steel highways because it Is literally a coffee funnel the smaller end of the funnel being set in ships holds at santos the first coffee berries did not reach brazil until 1727 today coffee ana brazil are nearly synonymous in sao sa paulo state alone there are more than coffee plantations with trees in production new trees numbering have been set out and soon will be in production one plantation owns its own railroads highways shops stores and warehouses africa has several coffee growing regions liberia sierra leone and a portion of southern nigeria are large producers the coastal zones of the belgian congo and a portion of angola mozambique and kenya are dotted with plantations while ethiopia original home of the famous coffee berry continues to produce coffee plantations in madagascar are confined to the eastern half of the island the southwestern corner of the arabian peninsula continues to grow the so called mocha coffee while thel tha southern tip of india and ceylon also are important coffee growing regions of asia java and neighboring islands have successfully grown coffee transplanted from liberia and new Gul guineas neals eastern plantations greshow are showing promise in the coffee industry alias coffee growing region la Is in queensland he so called sugar bowl of the continent how the dean bean Is handled the coffee plant grows to a height of from 15 to 20 feet its blossoms remain on the plant only a day or two when the petals wither and fall and the fruit begins to take shape A bush produces produce from two to three crops i a year ripe coffee berries resemble dark red cherries inside the cherries are two coffee beans the coffee of commerce which fire are extracted by various processes the beans are enveloped in a delicate skin and fleshy pulp in arabia these coverings are removed by the tha old drying method the berries are spread out on a drying floor a few inches deep where they are frequently stirred so that each berry may be exposed eKpo ed to the sun the pulpy covering dries in from two to three weeks after which the berries are pounded until the coffee beans are set free the most popular method of hulling Is the wet method the no berries are brought in from the field and placed in tanks the mature berries will sink to the bottom of the tank where they are drawn off through pipe and conveyed to crushing machines tho crushed mass passes to a water tank where it Is stirred to separate trio beans the beans fall to the bottom of the tank and are withdrawn at this stage the beans are covered with a slimy film which la Is removed by placing them in a vat where fermentation setsuo seta set sup up then they are washed dried and sacked for market the latter process consisting of assorting the beans into sizes colors and eliminating any foreign bodies from the mass young coffee plants must lii b given protection from the sun for ste several months after they break through the ground some planters shade them with palm leaves some by building il matting covered co ered frame over the plants planta about three test above the ground yn in the city Is ii where a fire seldom destroys as much of the building its as you ou think it Is going to MW L J polytechnic college ciliege of engineering ul and mis middio dio st sf chuia leading engineering school U 1 belty St andnis la its teh technical al sd science 1894 0 owr fio oooo distal chodd to Is panl ds dwyta i 9 all non essential subject in practical I th thorough courtes in electrical mee 17 ion cal civil 31 aln I 1 n finx architectural and structural en trine cring new conned in ill cal and airplane iff special chirtea in airplane ant mechanics machine llach lne eliop top Electr lo alp ignition battery etc complete electrical hydraulic steam and testing laborado laborato les leb saml two tvs VIM time students assisted aa in 11 anding their course cournea cou reea write for tree free catalog W E GIBSON W 1 I WOOD president no after bite when shaving with Cuti eurn K shaving cream A small email amount quickly becomes a 0 IE thi thick to k lasting lather that strates to spit the hair follicles while agen the medicated ilk sa N properties skin of soothe the A at your ar de dealers r or sent postpaid on receipt of f 7 A address dd laboratories malden maiden maa men alen are like pins no good when they lose their heads beads salt lake city directory C NICHOLS ASSAY ASSAYERS ERS AND CHEMISTS office and laboratory 8 W wot 7 t to temple p 1 st bait I 1 L lake lie C city I 1 t 1 U utah I 1 Is P 0 dox box st in on envelope slope wa prices furnished on request laittre hotel garage garace across abrou the street main at SALT LAKE CM roo ainsle without bath berday 11 tol 6 rooms double without bubb pe day rilay ae bat hopr lla oom D a wi r to 0 rooms double on with baths per day 00 to eszo EO all depot street cars can rass iam the gioi used pipe fittings newly threaded and coupled for all purposes purpose monsey iron and metal co so ard 3rd mitt salt bait lalio lake city utah onice office and supplies theater and church I dick and rull line ot of S t at nery wrap ping ing inper etc oldest and nd arg lareesa rt school and entila rit lroy in the tha wet west y CO 55 so state sante st street r acet salt bait lit lake ke city salt lake cites newest fewest hotel 1 t 21 VT E L TEMPLE SQUARE ROO rooms tile baths batha ra radio dio connection in every room RATES FROM busl opposite AM tab sd ERNEST C ROSSITER MST to do Is to su succeed acee d S schiller chiller M 0 0 HI 10 i abi a y r u i manufacturing manufacture ng ef easi fici efeney ency firestone Firc stone control every s tep step in the manufacture manul of their products own their own x rubber preparation pre on factory in singapore their own cotton a fabric mills and their own huge tire lire factories I 1 the most mo st efficient in the th e world with these great advantages firestone one save millions of dollars an nun dually lly which ore are passed on to car owners in in extra values mail order houses have their tires built as a part of a mi miscellaneous assortment of production by s some ome who is unknown to the public mail order or der houses bouses ore are dependent upon others for their th air tires buting ag E conomy basy firestone fire stone have J the tl ie most efficient and economical e cono mical disservice I 1 buling tri system through gh service dealers rs and stores firestone know tires must carry with them the necessary servi service cc for to r the economy c cogoiu y safety safely and satisfaction sa on of car own era special brand mail order tires are usually made just to sell with limited or no facilities for servicing the car owner ONLY manufacturing after the sale by comparing construction and distribution can and Consta suction you determine what is behind the price V price as 21 tire tin 60 11 II D on the tires are asked to buy tag you gre A 1 Fi aa Opi firestone Fl efron TImI gives you yc il 6 d mall brand mall mail alone is is never an index to value unless you type ord tire T r im do tire tin know the reputation and ability of the mr morn weight pounds 17 1718 18 8 1710 0 2906 2845 N more r thickness inches 63 5 S manufacturer and what advantages he has more nonskid non skid depth inches inc hes 26 6 25 3 M more plies under tread 6 5 a 8 7 in of raw materials manufacturing S same width inches 1 47 5 47 5 box purchasing same price 65 69 9 56 9 1145 14 1145 1143 efficiency and distributing economies these are the factors that deter determine mind lowest prices tire value fl Fl Old flold special read the facts at the right then go mis ty ath cabb 0 bronil mill T cull CN tt I 1 is UM ty ch cash brand type tp eb ath ada pric arl prim pria to the firestone service dealer in your euh estes tin I 1 P pr or pat pair bah tire pr fsr pa pair community and make your own com comparisons pariss 04 99 UD 11 D 1147 1147 2230 4 1090 TRUCK and BUS TIRES TI BES with cross sections of firestone tires 21 5 6 0 9 19 1 3 19 9 0 1795 17 95 1795 and special brand mail order tires see the 20 1314 H III 1 2975 0 36 IID 19 13 1360 x ax 95 extra values you get by equipping your 1380 1390 I 1 6 1 II 11 D 2 1525 1525 car with firestone Fire slone tires ml all other sizes proportionately loto lois ivAS ASp pedal brand tire la is made by a manufacturer for double guarantee every tire lire mch ench as niall mall order houses oil companies and ot cit liera herst under a name that does i 1 lured by firestone bears the die name FIRESTONE not identify the tiro tire manufacturer to the public usually because he builds and carries firestones Firc Fire stones unlimited and his best quality itys tires under his hi own names name firestone puts his name on every 11 that of our service dealers and service tire lire he makes 11 stores you are doubly protected M 1 I 1 k ite aishe SHE Si wi asim |