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Show THE RICH COUNTY REAPER. RANTiOTPH. TTTAH Governments of Many Nations Changed As' Liberating Armies Advanced in 1944 When th; ri'.nv Year Yill Arrive Common People Get Chance to Establish Democratic States Among U. Fighting Men Governmental changes that shared world importance with the war news marked the year 1944. Iceland became a republic; five Soviet Socialist republics again took their places in the U. S. S. R.; four countries were liberated; and three Axis satellites deserted. A bulletin from the Nayear-en- d tional Geographic society reviews these momentous events. Nazi-shackl- S. the ed World Over On June 17 Iceland became a modern republic. On that day the legisla-- . Althing an tive body sometimes called the Grandmother of Parliaments elected the nations former regent, Sveinn Bjornsson, president. In a national election held in May the people had voted to dissolve their union with Denmark. First settled in 874 and organized as a republic 56 years later, Iceland , was independent until 1263 when it joined with Norway. Both Iceland and Norway came under Danish rule in 1381. Norway was separated from Denmark by cession to Sweden in 1814, and the two countries formed a union which lasted The president of the newly established Icelandic republic, Sveinn until 1905 when the union was endaddresses the nation by radio on June 17, 1944, the day the Bjornsson, ed by mutual agreement. Iceland- island dissolved its union with Denmark. ers had long agitated for independence, but it was not realized until ed Jefferson Caffery, former United tion of his powers was conditioned 1918. Iceland was then recognized States ambassador to as am- on popular will, as a separate kingdom with unlim bassador to the FrenchBrazil, government Late in the year, Netherlanders ited sovereignty. now established in Paris. On Ar- saw the beginning of the Allied atGermany tried in prewar years to mistice day France was formally in- tempt to smash the western anchor memget control of this strategic North vited to become a Many churches of America, of all denominations, will keep their doors of the German defense system, preAtlantic island by establishing com- ber of the European advisory com- lude to liberation. From the south- open Sunday and Monday in order that relatives and friends of American mercial routes. British forces were mission meeting in London. west Pacific came more good news fighting men and women throughout the world may offer their New stationed on the island shortly after for the first time in more than Years prayers at the time their loved ones are welcoming in the New Belgiums Regent. no matter where they will be. These services are in addition to the beginning of World War II. They Belgium, whose national liberation four years the nations flag flew over Year, watch were replaced in 1941 by American in1 night services. New regular Netherlands released its own governing agencies, Hollandia units. 1945 When reaches New York city in a blare of noise or a silence Guinea. immediately took steps to restore U.S.S.R. will of it abalready be early Monday evening just east of Australia prayer, its prewar standing. In the Finland, Romania in the Chatham Islands. Five other republics, 1,500 miles Meanwhile, at Honolulu the clock will register and Bulgaria broke their ties with New 6:30 or more to the east, resumed their Year is born on the lonely Chatham islands, m. The Sunday the Nazi government, and movec 414 p. New of miles and races westward at 1,000 miles southeast Zealand, prewar status. . Estonia, Latvia and toward agreements with the Allied an hour. About 200 shepherds and fishermen, augmented with troops Lithuania, freed from Nazi occupapowers. in the Chatham group, will celebrate the New Year by ringing the church tion, again, became a part of the . Shifts in Italy bell on Hanson island. The international date line, near these isles, was Soviet Union as Estonian, Latvian, King Victor Emanuel III stepped set by the British admiralty and runs near the 180th meridian of longitude. and Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Reaside in favor of his son, publics. All three had first entered Umberto, designated Prince Lieuthe Union in 1940. tenant General of the Realm. PreThe Karelo-Finnis- h Republic, farmier Ivanoe Bonomi and his Italian ther to the north, was the fourth to cabinet contributed a novelty when be added to the Soviet family. It they took office in June. They did also had first entered the Union in not take the customary oath to the 1940. Its border city, of Viipuri crown; instead they pledged themguards the western approach to the selves to fulfill their duties accordcity of Leningrad. Russias new Died to Tolling Centuries the Old ing to the constitution. The United Arctic port of Pecheng (Petsamo), resumed diplomatic relations States Times. acquired from Finland in SeptemBells With Hope with Italy in October when Alexanber, extended Russian boundaries ambassanamed was der G. Kirk westward to Norway. ' Never dor. On November 10 the presidenforget the cheerful and cordial The fifth state restored to Russia cy of the Allied Commission for Itobservance of New Year s Day . in 1944 is the Moldavian Soviet Soaly was transferred from military cialist Republic, a slice of territory to civilian direction. George Washington. lying between the Ukrainian Repubof The Syria, republic fledgling Since early ages, the sound of ias started a movement for the wide Crown Prince Umberto was named lic and Romania. Once known as in liberated from the Vichy-Frenc- h Bessarabia, this area has experi- Prince Lieutenant General of the 1941, added to its territory the in- stone, of hollow resonant wood, and development of carillon music, elemetals that came out of enced a round of governmental Realm of Italy by his father, King they could be made an mountain-kingdoof Je-b- of all the fashioned dependent ment in means who a abdicated as I was it War Victor World promoting human accord the by Before earth, Emanuel, changes. Druz. Its people, dwellers in which could make his gods and genuine sympathy among the man Russian ground; from 1918 to 1940 when Allied troops entered the capisouthern Syria, voted to yield their hear it belonged to Romania. It was tal in June, 1944. him, have also been used to many racial groups in America. administrative and financial inde- announce Just when bells were first used to turned back to Russia in 1940 and peace and the turning and merge the manageannounce the end of the old year and of life. toward better set up as a republic of the Union, sence of King Leopold III, held in pendence, things point ment of their affairs with the govThe first bells were fashioned by the start of the new is not known. only to be reoccupied by Romania Germany, 41 - year old Prince ernment of Syria. President RoosebeCharles, brother of the king, the next year. primitive man of wood. Prior to Long before the clock had found its to act velt appointed George Wadsworth this time the click stone, somethe of came Realm, way to the tower, they had been Regent naTo four German dominated to the republics of Syria minister returns. used to announce time, often united was a the first until the called bell, king times tions France, Belgium, Luxem and Lebanon. with the observance of the canonical a stone resonant by thong the of suspended In September, tiny Duchy bourg and Greece freedom came United the between bonds Closer By this usage a monastery Jiours. of France, toward the close of the year Luxembourg, neighbor LiAfrican became timemarket to the its and States protege France, whose liberation was her- Belgium and Germany, celebrated Decemthe assured were beria by of Nazi from four years alded by Allied landings on the Nor its freedom ber, 1943, treaty, the provisions of mandy coast, June 6, was almost tyranny. on October Allied fighting men landing in which were made public completely free by the middle of RING OUT, WILD BELLS that 1944. The stipulates 30, treaty Greece in October helped Greek pa- all September. , and installs air naval, military General Charles de Gaulles Com- triots to oust the Germans. Internal tions will be supervised by the U. S. Ring out, wild bells, to the wild sky. divided the had mittee of National Liberation was political problems The flying cloud, the frosty light; in some opposing Significant changes took place The year is dying in the night; recognized on October 23 by the U. people into factions, The 1944 in the New world. Argentina S. state department as the de facto the return of the monarchy. out, wild bells, and let him die. Ring ' all political parties and abolished to inform decided cabinet King On of France. Septemgovernment of Ring out the old, ring in the new. ber 21 President Roosevelt appoint- - George II, in London, that resump- - instituted strict censorshipisland the of Atlantic The tiny Ring, happy bells, across the snow; press. The year is going, let him go; Bermuda modernized some of its Ring out the false, ring in the true. ancient laws. For the first time in the three centuries of its history Ring out the grief that saps the mind women were given the same voting For those that here we see no more ; privileges as men. Ring out the feud of rich and poor. Philippines to Be Free. in redress to all mankind. Ring or another stick a and struck with Events in the Pacific area were stone to give the ringing effect. Ring out a slowly dying cause. highlighted by the return to the The first church bell was erected And ancient forms of parly strife; the in Philippines of President Sergio of Nola, Paulimus, bishop Ring in.the nobler modes of life. and his cabinet with the in- by of Campania, Italy, in about With sweeter manners, purer laws. city r. vasion forces of Gen. Douglas bells were bap400 A. D. Early offiof the The presence tized. In Switzerland a curious traRing out false pride in place and blood, cial was only suggestive of the re- dition is that all baptized bells take The civic slander and the spite; in the love of truth and right. sumption of authority on home soil, a trip to Rome every year during Ring for it was understood that island af- Passion weeks and get back in time Ring in the common love of good. fairs will continue to be adminis- to be rung on Easter morning. Ring out old shapes of foul disease. tered from Washington. All they thunder here are harmless! Ring out the narrowing lust of gold ; the of status Philipannointed been future The For these bells have out the thousand wars of old. Ring pines was defined in two resolu- And baptized with holy water. in the thousand years of peace. ' Ring U. S. utmost power." congress, They defy our tions adopted by the and signed by President Roosevelt The science of music of bells has Ring in the valiant man and free on June 30. These resolutions grant been recognized in some of the lead- The larger heart, the kindlier hand ; to the islands as soon music institutions of the world, Ring out the darkness of the land. Gen. Charles De Gaulle, head of the provisional governmentWin- f independence and pro- are the of in the Christ that is to be. as ejected, carillonneur Ring Japs Kamiel flanked Lefevre, in by Paris, France, reviews the 1944 Armistice day parade construction the defense for New York vide by in church -L- ORD TENNYSON. the Riverside ston Churchill and Anthony Eden of Great Britain. France was formal y of United States military and naval cty where the chief of carillons, by invited to become a member of the European Advisory committee by haser.. size and scope were installed. He the British statesmen. full-fledg- ed Re-ent- er Axis-satellit- es Bells Throughout World Will Herald In a New Year Full of Promised Peace For Of Year Has for Better be-ievi- ng m el v Os-me- na Mac-Arthu- , i t , |