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Show V Nation to Be Active Factor In Post-W- ar Peace Plans t Majority of American People Ask Participation In International Organization to Maintain Harmony. By BAUKHAGE Neu$ Analyst and Commentator. ) WNU Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. Slowjy the pattern of Americas post-wplans are taking shape, but only the pattern. When congress returned, it was evident that no matter how much disagreement there might be as to the details of the role the United States will play in the post-wworld, the people have registered one idea: they want to take part in some kind of an international organization to maintain peace. The same opinion turned up in the conversation of three members of congress of widely differing political sentiments with whom I talked shortly after they returned. Speaker Sam Rayburn told me that the one phrase which received the most applause in the speeches he made in the Southwest was when he said that the United States must do a mans job for peace. Two leading Republican senators expressed the same idea, namely, that the people seem to be of one mind that America must join in some kind of international effort after the war to maintain peace. The disagreements in congress are chiefly a difference in degree and represent a discussion, for the most part, over details that nobody expects congress to decide in advance anyhow. Of course, there are two things which make for lack of harmony; one is the natural desire of each political party to criticize the other in a campaign year; the other is the effort of small groups to get over their own particular ideas. Secretary of State Hull, in his speech of September 12, made it plain that the administration was in favor of an international organization which would agree to use force to maintain peace implying that the United States would offer its armed forces in collaboration with other nations to stop aggression. He went further on the subject than any official so far but there has been a feeling on the part of many members of congress that the people would support such a policy. ar ar 4 k . two of the strongest nations remain united. The important thing, of course, is to obtain the of the third most powerful nation, Russia. And that is what is on the fire right now. Until we know a little more about Russias views and intentions, it will be impossible to make a detailed plan for the postwar world. Battle of Italy Beginning of End As I write these lines, the startled moon has just slipped behind a jagged curtain of clouds, like a transport sliding under the protecting cloak of a smoke screen. That comparison leaps to my mind because all day I have been following, as you have and as closely as either of us could, the progress of the greatest military undertaking which an American army has attempted in this war the battle of Italy. For the battle of Italy is the storming of the very portals of the Reich, the outer rim, it is true, but nonetheless, the first breastworks of Hitlers inner fortress. Here, for the first time, American soldiers, hardened on the harsh sands of Africa and the cruel hills of Sicily, meet the guardsmen of the Nazi citadel. Not a army, diluted by a ally, Italy, but dogged German fighters defending the gateway to their own, their half-heart- ed native land. The end of the beginning has ended, the beginning of the end has begun. And we who have watched every sign and every signal as the curtain between what we thought and what we knew was lifted, realize how little we and the world can guess of the inner and complicated workings of this great war machine. As the armies of the Allies attack the enemy citadel the leaders of the Allies, Roosevelt and Churchill, plan a new edifice. The invasion of Sicily and the invasion of Italy were planned at Casablanca where, for 24 hours, the few newsmen who were permitted to know, kept the secret of the meetPooling of Resources ing itself. Beside the historic waMeanwhile, the public has gradu- ters of the St. Lawrence, in the ally come to the realization that citadel at Quebec, the marching Winston Churchill, as the kings first orders were sealed while we newsminister with plenary powers, and men waited, blinded and deafened to President Roosevelt, as commander-in-chie- f all but the most general ideas. and, therefore, with similar What are those marching orders? authority, have agreed that the Some other startled moon will tell. United States and Britain will pool their military resources not only un- Civilian Defense til the fighting ends, but until the Worth emergency is ended. They will do Proves Its As Germany begins the defense of this merely by continuing the comd her inner fortress and the mittee of joint chiefs of staff. converted been has Luftwaffe They have made it plain that they consider the emergency, or as an from an offensive to a defensive maofficial spokesman for the United chine the problem of keeping up the States described it, a period of morale of Civilian Defense in this will not end until the country is a difficult one. It would transition, job last peace treaties are signed. In be foolhardy to lie down on the freother words, the United States and now for history has shown that Great Britain intend, as long as the quently fierce and bitter conflicts out of victories and until the emergency exists, to take part in an grow is fired and after that, it shot last organization to establish and mainto desert the ramparts. safe isnt tain the peace by means of what amounts to a military alliance beRecently the value of civilian defense training was proved in a mantween the two nations. received very little recPrime Minister Churchill was ner whichoutside of the immediate ready to sign a written agreement ognition which would include Britains pledge vicinity. When the Congressional to remain our ally and continue the Limited, the crack train that runs and Washington, war with us until Japan was beaten between New York when in wrecked was Philadelphia, that much he told the newsmen Limited, anand he added, the President had the Twentieth Century crack train between Chicago said it was not necessary, that his other New York, was wrecked, and word was good enough. Presum- and burned in Houston, hotel a when ably, the written agreement would defense organicivilian the have included the continuation of the Texas, On all mettle. its zation proved joint committee of the chiefs of staff, three occasions, invaluable service too. But written or unwritten, such was rendered by these unselfish men a pact now exists. and women who have so long anIt is, therefore, clear that the swered mock alarms and gone on President intends, if he remains in for practice drills. office, to maintain an interim ar- duty shown that in the was It definitely counrangement which will keep this of the wreck of the Congrescase afworld in an factor active try fairs to the point where its policies sional Limited and in the Houston will be supported by military action. fire lives were actually saved by the This will be of indefinite length, as defense workers. In Philadelphia a meeting Churchill put it, until it can be shown group of air raid wardens of the wreck were scene the near that a better arrangement, including scene. all nations, can be found to sup- the first to arrive on the 7,500 trained worktime In short a plant it. work assisting police and In one sense, therefore, it is less ers were at rescue. So effectively did the conhelping the decision important what that in spite traffic the handle gress or the administration makes they were kept lanes crowds, of the great to its policy foreign right now as not all so persons that injured since there will be plenty of time open in the wreck had acpinned actually become to fully for the people been removed to hospitals within 35 quainted with the whole situation or 40 minutes. during the transition period when once-feare- k Gunner Charles Patton is congratulated by Gunner Marino Galluzzo (right) after they had downed five Gen. G. Castellano, chief of staff to General Ambrosio of Italy, is pictured as he signed the military armistice between Italian and Allied Jap Zero planes during a raid on forces at advance headquarters of the Allied forces in Sicily. Witnessing Hankow. Galluzzo, who was on his the historic signing are Italian Foreign Minister Montenari, and Maj. first combat mission, accounted for Gen. W. B. Smith of the United States. Brig. Gen. W. D. Strong, repre- two of the enemy planes. senting England, was also present but out of range of the camera. Records on Wire Congress Hard at Work Again Marvin Camras, 27, of Chicago, with his device which records sound Speaker of the House Sam Rayburn is shown, at left, just before he reconvened the house for the present session of the 78th congress. Right: Rep. Andrew J. May of New York, chairman of the house military affairs committee, who was expected to introduce a bill to ban the draft of fathers and to bring about the discharge of fathers already drafted. Getting Ready for Trips to Battlefronts Santa Claus is shown in Chicagos Merchandise Mart, as he packs up for his coming visit to American battlefronts of the world. Many of his gifts are now on the way to soldiers stationed overseas. November 1n Is the deadline for mailing presents to overseas sailors, coastguards-meand marines. on steel wires as thin as human hairs. An eight-hou- r continuous program can be wound on a spool five inches in diameter and two inches wide. The device is already on naval ships and will soon be in mass production. Queens of 1942-4- 3 Jean Bartel, 19 of California, named Miss America of 1943 is pictured in foreground with Joe Carrol Dennison, also of California, who received the tile in 1942. |
