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Show ' IS INAUGURATED ii y W-lfeWP' V'V I CooEde TaKing the Oath Office j f '"ZZZlSptt WcstFbintCodetSlnthe ; , . I" ' . ' . ' ' ' """ ''0 T'' ( 1 William nenry Harrison rode to the, Capitol on ' y : ' -""r - 1 ' ' '''sO('!?-- wblte horse, and there was a great display ol Washindton Arrivind '- f Tmu 2S marching clubs, with log cabins, barrels of hard in New YoKk for Hi Js ' I I' "L "rV cJder 'n1 loom ,n operation. Harrison read irf. if-ilnrt r '1 I llH ," (,A address the longest on record from the ,nauDurauon v:, T ltfi eastern portico. Standing for an hour without hat m ., uitmu V I ''a.'' or overcoat, he contracted a cold and died within , - By ELMO SCOTT WATSON -r month. His successor. John Tyler, refused to A LTHOUGH Presldent-Elect Hoover soon II -r- . 1 take any part In the InauguraUon of President let it bs known that he desired I f p0lk, but left Washington oa tlis morning of bl Inauguration on March 4 to be I 1 :. f4 I March 4, 1845. "!mplen" ' i He Intended to go by steamer, but arrived at th. Jtrf , v-taltor will soon be ingjoto U Jl wharf Jnst . the boit was leaving. Some on. Uft 4-Xth. capital to witness the cere- called out to the captain: UL--J . "onj. Mr -Hoover's request that . V "Walt a minute I Here's President Tyler wants ri Fl the sire of the Inaugural pacada , . to so with yon I" l LI U b "l""61! VM rqUlri,n' .Dn1 XC' : . Qr But the captain shouted back: -Who th. than two hou l? t U Tyler? I don't know him." . .T?,nnCf.Ke m f . ! nn m NMISOrTlrdTbf t teamed away without waiting for th. nttonil no Inmimrnl hatl etthpr official or nnoffl- VVI I sw iu iuiw - XhJJ- washlndton Am- in NewYoKkfo? His Inauguration i . , By ELMO 8COTT WATSON A LTHOUGH President-Elect Hoover soon f let It b. known that h. desired j bis Inauguration on March 4 to b. '- m as simple as possible, a horde of y ! visitors will soon be crowding Into Jlffr i th. capital to witness th. cero- I j mony. Mr. Hoover's request that 11 fj th. size of the Inaugural pacada I II b. limited to one requiring not more than two hours In passing and his announcement that b. would attend no Inaugural ball, either official or unofficial, unoffi-cial, will make bis Induction Into office less of an Imposing event than those of other Presidents In recent years, but It Is probable that more ' Americans will hear Herbert Hoover take the oath of office and listen to th. spoken words of bis lntogural address than baa been the case of any President In th. history of the United States. Th. great radio hook-ups will make that possible. Just how many persons will be In his "audience" It Is Impossible to estimate, but th. number will run into the millions. This fact represents additional evidence of th. amazing growth of our nation during the 140 years that It has been ruled by a President elected elect-ed by the people. For It was just 140 years ago (lacking eight weeks) that George Washington became th. first President of the United States. That was on Thursday. April SO, 1789, and th. scene of the Inauguration was New York city, then th. capital of th. United States. A stage had been built on the steps of the federal building (where the present subtreasury building In Wall street now stands, and the Wasn- Ington statu, there Is believed to Btand upon the exact -spot where Washington stood when h. took oath of office). Th. first congress of the United States of America took Its place on th. stage. ,i Escorted by General Morgan Lewis, a distinguished figure ascended the steps the man who had led the Continental armies to victory and who bad been chosen tbe first leader In peaceGen. George Washington. A great cheer went up from the people who were watching th. scene. Then took place on. of thos. curious Incidents which often happen to mar the Im-presslveness Im-presslveness of . historic occasions. Over th. throng came a mighty stillness and heads were bared: Chancellor Livingston was about to rise to administer the oath. Instead ha kept bis seat There followed a whispered conference with Gen. Jacob Morton, marshal of the day. At th. conclusion,' con-clusion,' General Morton hurried out Into th. street to the Old Coffee house at Wall and Water streets, the meeting place of St John's lodge of Masons, of which he was master. '! The marshal was absent only a few seconds, but when he returned h. was carrying an open Mule resting on a cushion of crimson velvet the altar of St. John's lodge." Then It was known to those on the platform at least that while the other details had been carried out no Sacred Book had been provided for the oath. Washington's second Inauguration, In Philadelphia, Philadel-phia, was less spectacular than tbe first. When John Adams was inaugurated In the same city in 1797 Washington was the dominant figure. He was. retiring from public life, and the people had eyes only tor him. Many of them cried. Adams, notoriously vain and jealous, was much embarrassed. em-barrassed. Jefferson was the first President inaugurated at Washington, Despite the picturesque tradition of bis horseback ride to the Capitol, critical research re-search discloses that the author of the Declaration Declara-tion of Independence did not ride. He went afoot William nenry Harrison rode to th. Capitol on a white horse, and there was a great display ol marching clubs, with log cabins, barrels of hard cider and a loom in operation. Harrison read bis address the longest on record from th. eastern portico. Standing for an hour without hat or overcoat, he contracted a cold and died within a month. His successor, John Tyler, refused to take any part In tb. Inauguration of President Polk, but left Washington oa th. morning of March 4, 1345. He Intended to go by steamer, but arrived at th. wharf Just as the boat was leaving. Some on. called out to the captain: "Walt a minute I Here's President Tyler wants to go with yon I" But th. captain shouted back: "Who th. Is Tyler? I don't know him." And be steamed away without waiting for th. ex-President If Tyler was thus Insulted as b. was leaving th. Whit. House, Polk, his successor, was also Insulted on his way to that mansion. He was th. first "dark horse" in American political history his-tory and throughout the campaign his opponenU bad raised the derisive cry of "Who Is James K. Polkr As be drove to the White House after his inauguration, be beard that same cry from loafers along th. street Th. exceptional thing recorded for Polk's inauguration is that Morse brought bis te'egraph Instrument to the portico of the Capitol and transmitted news of the events to Baltimore. The most momentous and Impressive Inaugural parade that ever moved through the streets of Wsshington was when Lincoln first took office. Buchanan, an old man In swallow-tailed coat hobbled along with Lincoln to the carriage. Lincoln Lin-coln was attired In a new blark suit and a shining high hat. He carried a gold-headed cane. All the liquor saloons In tbe city had been ordered closed, and careful plans had been made to thwart any attempt at assassination and prevent disorder among the thousands of hostile persons in Washington. Wash-ington. Between double files of cavalry the Presidential carriage moved along Pennsylvania avenue while soldiers marched In front and bphlnd. Itifllemen were stationed on roofs commanding the thoroughfare thorough-fare and cavalry guarded every approach to the Capitol. The Journey was made In safety. Stephen A. Douglas, Lincoln's life-long rival, held the hat of the new President as he read the Innugural. At Lincoln's second Inaugural procession there was shown a model of the Monitor, with Its turret tur-ret revolving and Its guns firing at intervals. A battalion of negro soldiers had an honorable place In the long procession. It bad been raining and the day was gloomy. As Lincoln was about to take the oath, however, the sun burst through the clouds, an omen which he said made his heart Jump. Grover Cleveland's first Inauguration marked the return of the Democratic party to power after an absence of a quarter of a century, and there was great enthusiasm. Tbe day was clear, and the city was in gay attire. An account of the parade sold that "no such pageant ever before in time of peace was seen on Pennsylvania Pennsyl-vania avenue." Perhaps the most Impressive of all Inaugurations Inaugura-tions was that of Theodore Roosevelt In 10O5. in that it was a sort of super-Wild West show, made so by the escort of his Rough Riders, the cowboys, cow-boys, Indians, and other mounted men who rode up Pennsylvania avenue with him. More than 200.000 peop'e were In Washington for the ceremony. cere-mony. The Inauguration of Taft offered the best argument argu-ment in favor of changing the traditional date of March 4 to a day later in the jear. On March 4, 19(S8, Washington wns burled under a snow storm and hundreds who were on their way to the capital were marooned. which was democratic enough. The historical record rec-ord shows that be was escorted by a battery of artillery and that a salute of guns was fired as b. entered the CapItoL He took th. oath after making his address In th. senate chamber and then walked back to bis lodgings. The Installation of James Madison in 1809 was attended by much more ceremony than attended the Inauguration of Jefferson. The day was ushered in with salutes of cannon. Madison rode to the Capitol In a richly appointed carriage, escorted by troops of militia. John Quincy Adams refused to attend tbe inauguration of bis successor, Andrew Jackson, the two men being on th. worst possible terms. Jsckson was In Washington for two weeks before his inauguration, but didn't go near Adams. Frontiersmen, Indian fighters and thousands of humble citizens crowded around the Capitol to see Jackson sworn In. Washington bad never beheld such a horde of visitors. Jackson and Van Buren rode together from the - White House to the Capitol In 1837 In a phaeton made from the timbers of the old frigate Constitution. Con-stitution. It was what took place after the Inauguration, ' however, which made this one perhaps the most remarkable In American history. It is described by Frederick Austin Ogg In "The Reign of Andrew Jackson" In the Yale University Press' "Chronicles "Chron-icles of America" as follows: According to custom, th Inaacural program cam la an end with a reception at th Whit House; and arrangemente were mad to entertain a large number of g-ueats. Folic control, however, proved wholly Inadequate, and when th throng- that followed fol-lowed th President up the Avenue reached the executive grounds it engulfed the mansion and poured In by windows aa well aa doora, until th reception rooms were packed to aufforatlon. Other guests, bidden and unbidden "statesmen and atabl boys, fin ladles and washerwomen, white people and blacks" continued for hour to besiege th door. "I never saw auch a mliture," recorded Judge ' Story; "th reign of King Mob seemed triumphant. I waa glad to escape from th scene aa soon as possible." Th President, too, after being Jostled for an hour, very willlngty mad his war by a sid entrance to the street and thence to hla hotel. A profualon of refreehments, Including barrela of orange punch, had been provided, and an attempt to serve the guests led to a veritable saturnalia. Walters emerging trom doors with loaded tray were born to th floor by the crush; china and glassware were smashed; gallons of punch were spilled on th carpets; in their eagerness to be aerved men tn muddy boats leaped upon the damask-covered chairs, overturned tables, and brushed bric-a-brac from mantles and walla. "It would hav don Mr. Wllberforce's heart good." write a cynical obaerver, "to hav seen a atout black wench eating In this free country a jelly with a gold apoon at th President s house." Only when aome thoughtful person directed that tuba of punch b placed here and thr on th lawn waa th congestion Indoor relieved. When It waa all over, th Whit House resembled a plgaty. "Several "Sev-eral thousand dollars' worth of broken china and cut glasa and many bleeding nosea atteated to the flerceneea of th etrugijle." It waa th people' day and It waa of no avail for fastidious Adamaltes to lift their eyebrows In rldlcul or acorn. |
