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Show THE RICH COUNT! REAPER, CAUSESQUAKES RIDING THE GOAT Scientists Say It Is Just Shaking of the Earth or Part of It, Popular Mohair Upholstery Made Only From Hair of the Angora. ; The recent Balkan Washington. earthquake, with its stories of the epicenter being located near the meeting point of Greece, Bulgaria and Jugoslavia, and the later disaster at Managua, Nicaragua, raises anew In nontechnical minds the questions: "What is an earthquake and what causes It? says a bulletin from the National Geographic society. the bulletin answers Continuing, these questions. The story Is really told by the name, earthquake. The phenomenon Is nothing more nor less than a quaking of the earth or part of it Theoretically, at least, any vibra--, tlon will suffice from the tremor caused by a passing railroad train to violent disturbances that shake down cities, open earth crevices, and send mountainous tidal waves to sweep over coastal lowlands. As it makes itself known to man and his instruments, an earthquake Is the coming to the surface of waves In the earth. Even the simplest wave motion Is none too easy to understand ; and the waves in the varying earth materials that make themselves known to man as earthquakes are probably ' the most complex waves that exist. They are at once motions like sea waves; crosswise like the waves in a flapping flag; like sound waves or the motion in a long coilrd spring suspended with a weight bobbing at Its end; and in addition may have twists ; about imaginary pivot lines In all three dimensions. Waves Spread Out. ' The earth waves responsible for earthquakes start in some region down In the earth and spread out in every direction. One of the simplest types of waves that can be observed, those from a pebble dropped into a pond, forms growing circles on the surface of the water. But the waves In the earth, being in a solid, attempt to form spheres that constantly grow ou'wnrd. Soon, however, because of the differences in texture of different rock materials. the form is not a sphere at all but a very Irregular curved solid instead. more nearly that of a potato. The two principal types of earth waves, those that travel like the in a bobbing spring, straight out; and those that travel like ripples and the waves in a flag, w!th a side- wise motion, move at different speeds. The pulsing waves are the swifter, pnd of course the place where thev make themselves felt first and most strongly Is the surface area directly above their starting po'nt. This is technically the epicenter or epicen-trum- . Thee pulsing waves around the epicenter alternately push up the ' surface of the earth and everything on it, and let them fall hack. This is done very rapidly, and though the ac-- I tual rise and fall may be only a frac-- I lion of an inch on rocky surfaces or a very few Inches on soft soil, the violence may be like that from Innumerable tremendous blows, and suffi-- , clent to shade down buildings. The 'sidewise waves follow along almost Immediately after the first pulsing waves, and the two, with perhaps twisting waves as well, then operate together. The ground in the epicen-tra- l area, therefore, gets Innumerable thrusts and falls and at the same time is jerked sidewise and back for tiny distances In every direction, "At points some distance from the epicenter the pulsing waves strike the surface at a slant and so accentuate the effects of the sidewise waves and create new surface undulations. The shaking at the epicenter, too, throws the earths surface there into undul-atorwaves like ripples on a pond, and these also travel outward in widening circles. These surface waves moare those o! greatest tion, but least speed from place to place. Tney register the heaviest vl-- j brations on the seismographs of the world. Hew the Waves Start. The second important question In regard to an earthquake Is: What 6tarts the waves? No one has ever seen an earth-- i , quake wave start outward from It center, and It is safe enough to say that no one ever will. But science has built certain hypotheses which are J pretty generally accepted. Hold a dry stick as big as your thumb in your bands and bend it until It breaks. At the snap, waves will travel to your hands and usually give you a painful sensation. Hold an iron bar by one end and strike the other sharply with a hammer. Again the vibrations carried to your hand may be violent enough to produce a stinging pain. And if you should strike a small ' explosive cap with the end of a Iona l i , back-and-for- The subject la usually associated th ; . The Angora i safely matter, especially in the case of old persons and small children and if you have ever tried to keep a comfortable position in a chair that was too big for you and was covered with s I y I I I Goat actually mesh with the clothing of the person in the seat and so help to hold him in a comfortable position and to keep him from slipping off the seat in case of a sudden stop. At first thought this does not seem to be so important but it is a vital the horse hair, for instance, youll realise anew how pleasant It is to feel the strong, friendly little fibers of the mohair, holding you In place. Then, mohair doesnt make the clothing shiny as do some other materials. It also has less wear on them and these are important points in the mind of the traveling man especially as he would find his tailor bills considerably higher if he had to ride on hard, smooth seats on all his journeys. Every service man and woman knows how easily real mohair is Proper Position for Safe Driving s with more or less unpleasant initiation ceremonies but did you know that millions of persons have been riding the goat on the railroads and have been enjoying the ride? Every time you ride In a railroad car upholstered in genuine mohair you are literally riding the goat for the mohair is the fleece of the Angora goat, not cloth, moss or any other of the many strange products that some persons erroneously associate with mohair. There are many reasons why this material was chosen and has has been so widely used on the railroad and some of them are unusually interesting because It has taken modern scientific methods to reveal them and they are new. For years people have known that mohair must be a good material or the railroads would not use such large quantities of it Its mere durability and fast colors are by no means the only reasons why it is popular. Here is one important factor that makes genuine mohair so popular for lilroad and auto upholstery usage. The tiny, erect fibers of the goats hair UTAH cleaned with the vacuum cleaner, how easily spots and stains can be re moved and how fresh the material looks after it has been given a thorough brushing and cleaning. Just recently, improved processes of weaving have been developed so that mohair promises to be more popular than ever. There are now more than 3,500,000 Angora goats in this country and the United States is the largest producer of angora fleece. Automo-bilistas well as railroad travelers are riding the goat too for millions of yards of mohair are in use as auto mobile upholstery. The material is also finding wide employment in aie planes whose cabins are upholstered in durable, mohair, for beauty, economy and greater com- ALL AMERICA NOW EXPLAINS WHAT twPOLPH. sound-absorbin- g fort MOIIAiRlS GIVEN TOO WAR TEST . Angora Goat Hair Used in Velmo Must Stand a Severe Pull. Behind the scenes at Sanford Mills. Sanford. Me., the home of mohair velvet or velmo as it Is generally known, are strange looking machines and devices of various sorts for testing the fibers before they are woven into upholstery for your furniture and automobile. One of these Is a strength tester. Mohair fibers, the hairs of the Angora goat, are stretched between the two small spools below a big dial, a lever is released and the spools slowly draw apart while a pencil writes on the paper chart a record of the amount of pull being applied to the fibers. When the needle on the big dial has swung far around, the fibers will begin to break and the test Is over. This tug of war is applied to the fibers to make sure that no weak threads enter into the manufacture of the upholsteries and other fabrics destined for years of hard service on automobile seats, railroad cushions and scores of other uses. Many of the companies purchasing upholsteries apply their own tests so before the materials get to the ultimate user they have passed through several different tests, insuring reliable quality and freedom from adulteration. In addition to the pulling test, there are chemical tests to prove that the dyes used In velmo will not run when the goods are subjected to perspiration or other moisture, there are rubbing tests to prove Imw long the erect fibers of velmo will last and there are other color tests to shew that mohair is little likely to fade. Samples of dyed mohair are left ont in the sun for months and then compared to the new materials to show that the colors have not faded. When more rapid results are needed, powerful lights with rays like those of the sun apply in a few hours the equivalent to many days of exposure to the sunshine to show that the velmo colors retain their natural hues after long service. Thu young lady, posed by Dr. Dudley B. Reed, director of health serv ice, University of Chicago, is showing how the perfect driver" sits behind the wheel for safety and comfort. Dr. Reed pointed out that mohair velvet upholstery, which has n pile surface, grips the clothing and helps maintain proper driving posture. MOHAIR AN AID TO SAFE DRIVING Scientist of University Tells How Pile Surface Keeps You From 'Slumping.' In the last eighteen months, more persons have been killed in automobile accidents in the United States than our countrys army lost In soldiers during the World war I This is an alarming fact which is receiving the careful attention of public officials everywhere and challenges the thought and action of every citizen. What can he done to reduce this huge death toll? Safety measures are being effectively applied in many ways but the problem rests largely with the automobile driver. What can he do to further protect himself and others from accidents? Helpful suggestions In this connection have just been offered by Dr. Dudley B. Reed, professor of hygiene and director of the health service of the University of Chicago. Doctor Reed calls attention to the fact that sitting properly while driving Is not only an aid to the persons health but it is a direct help to safety as it places the body where Immediate response in emergencies is easier, where fatigue that too often promotes carelessness is prevented, and where the drivers vision Is least likely to be obscured. It Is not difficult to assume the correct driving position but It is sometimes hard to keep such posture, especially if the automobile seat is covered with a material that encourages slipping and sliding about. These difficulties are more easily avoided. In the when Policeman Brown called. No admittance was charged, but Just inside the door was a table on which a card saying a donation of 50 cents toward the pastors salary would be appreciated. Brown sat dow with the congregation and waited. After a little instruction from Pastor" Dickson, the pastor disappeared, the lights were lowered, and nothing was heard but There Were forty persons church Large Newspaper Collection What is said to be the largest collection of newspapers In the world has been opened to the public in a newspaper museum at Germany. Among its collection of 150,000 newspapers are curiosities from all over the world. Including an Eskimo paper from the middle of last century. Cop Inquires for His Aunl Minnie and She Obligingly Appears. by the of her end, the ex-- t San Francisco. Now, Minnie and Chief Elk Heart" are full fledged plosion would probably bring the same painful tingle to your fingers. ghosts! YeaL, sure noughl They're It Is generally believed that earth- no foolin ghosts of folks that died a quake waves flow from a point where long time ago, so its perfectly all right one of the three forces illustrated Is for Minnie and Chief to walk In and suddenly released a break, a blow or out of windows. an explosion. Breaks are credited But when the windows closed and with responsibility for most earth- the Big Chief takes the sash and quakes. It is believed that because window pane along with him when of slow contraction or shrinking, he goes through, its not quite it acwhich may result from the cooling of cord with ghostly etiquette, to say the outer portion of the earth, or be-- I nothing of tradition. And all because cause of pressure from deposited silt, of that broken window, "Rev." James strains are set up below the surface J. Dickson, his wife, Gertrude, and a like those in the bending stick. Even family friend, Mrs. Freda A. Huttman, were all taken for a ride and spent inally, the strain reaches the breaking quite a little time in the Oakland City point and there is a snapping of the prison. rocks which sends violent waves to Tell 8tory In Court the surface, causing earthquakes. whole The Is story of Minnie and Chief The blow type of earthquake the Dicksons was told and Elk Heart blow Such a less probably Important when they appeared In the might result from the falling in of a recently Police court of would Judge Allen G. Norris great cavern, but probably in Oakland to face charges of breakcause only a local shiver. A more Imwhich makes it portant cause of a blow might be a ing a city ordinance to hold anmisdemeanor spiritualistic a over rock mass of of one slipping adother with a collision at the end of the seances and charge money for mittance. slide. Such a blow often follows a Dickson styles himself pastor of the break, the two acting together. Church of the Revelarevolcanic Spiritualistic active in Eearthquakes home and cathedral his and tion, gions may often result from explosions McCall 5718 street, Oakland. out at are but beneath the surface; of gases far Patrolman C. E. Brown is a psychic It Is possible that even in the neighdeborhood of volcanoes the majority of cop O, very, very psychic so he could see he If and to out' cided go breaks anddan from the quakes arise get a message from his Aunt Minnie. In the rocks." . And, sure enough, he did -.-- ' PSYCHIC POLICE MEET GHOSTS AT SPIRIT SEANCE d 1 1 Doctor Reed points out, if the seats are upholstered in a fabric like mohair velvet or velmo, the fibers of which grip the clothing, giving support to the occupant of the seat and reducing the tendency to slip and slide. One of the most common faults in driving. Doctor Reed explains, is to slump down In the seat. This is easy to do if the upholstery is slippery but not so likely to happen on mohair. In a slumped position, the motorist cannot quickly respond when an emergency demands quick operation of the controls, his arms and legs are cramped, the lungs do not have an opportunity to expand and other internal organs are restricted. Most important of all, the spine, natures best shock absorber, is bent in such a position that shocks and jars strike it at an angle instead of in a vertical plane, as was intended so that the efficiency if the spine is greatly reduced, the person becomes fatigued more easily and is soon in condition that invites accidents. Here are Doctor Reeds posture suggestions, especially helpful during these vacation months when long automobile drives are taxing the endurance of the motorist Have the back well against the back of the seat with the weight resting mainly on the seat bones. There should be support for the back at a point below the shoulder blades and at the top of the hips. Do not recline too much, slightly more than ninety degrees is enough and there should be no weight or pressure under the knees. The feet should be able to reach the pedals and the floor without stretching or straining. In this position, which is well Illustrated in the accompanying photograph, the driver has the greatest relaxation and freedom of movements, he enjoys the greatest comfort and he is kept in a position where he can most efficiently handle the car in time of danger. T don't want to bother with no Injuns," muttered Policeman Brown Where is my Aunt into his beard. Minnie? Chief Elk Heart cleared his throat, hesitated, and finally ducked behind the curtains. In just an instant a spectral form appeared again, very much the same as the Indian brave, and announced In a voice strangely similar to that of the redskins spirit. The Ghost Vanishes. Minnie. Does some one wish I am a message from me?" Policeman Brown thrust forward with outstretched arms. Aunt Minnie! he cried rapturousDear Aunt Minnie O, Mini ly. As in answer to his call the forms of three other policemen bnrst into the room. The lights went on and the ghost went out There was a crash of breaking glass, and Aunt Minnie landed full in the arms of Policeman George Pardee in the garden outside. And when Pardee had removed a training white sheet from Aunt Minnies ghostly form he found no, dont tell me youve guessed it! Well, you are right! It was none other than Parson Dickson. The half dollar the other customers had paid to hear the message from the big chief were confiscated by the police as evidence. The ladies? Oh, the psychic copn just took them along to lend class t the arrest 1 1 There Stood a Shadowy Figure in White. Hence. Then a pair of portieres on me side of the chapel fluttered. It wasn't revealed until late that behind he portieres was a pair of french win-low- s. but the curtains parted and here stood a shadowy figure In white. Me Chief Elk Heart, asserted the I tell all you want "ore in white. . know. Rooster Wears Crutch Middletown, Conn. William Clark of East Hampton has a prize Rhode Island red rooster that struts around his barnyard as well as ever despite a wooden leg. The bird caught its leg in a trap and broke it The injury refused to mend and the leg was amputated at the first joint anu a wooden substitute whittled out The crutch is attached to the stump by a rubber band. - J . |