Show OLID P lath X 4 A is aral T r V W I 1 n k 4 ef A W V 1 V A at 1 az 4 1 s Z t b z 4 0 vv 4 ar va 7 ANCIENT CITADEL OF CRACOW Y THE broad vistula river on ancient s boil lie two tro B famous age torn cities around which haie bao entered ci the rise and tall fall of 0 one ot of the mightiest nations in history before their gates and within their walls ralls hae baie been fought i the battles ot of armies gunnum bared and tor for a thousand ears them the hane hae known the sorrow of death and destruction and the glories of N victory in the N callei alle of the stream whose rhose banks them the adorn a new nein con flicht is raging today on the outcome ot of this struggle may rest their fate in the 5 ears that are ara yet unborn sais s the philadelphia record crador cracow and War warsaw saN the cities are one the capital of poland a kings kahen ft hen the nation was in its prime the second the hornot hornof homo that glorious hero kosciusko who led the people in their bloody war for independence after ini invaders aders had seized thea r land through the centuries ot of their country s prosperity and the dark years of grief agne the beautiful old tor towns ns have nurtured and cherished the ideals of the polish people and today they house the only remaining relics of that once proud nation which long since ceased to exist one of them must suffer shortly after the beginning of the present european war nar the czar of rus rua sia issued a proclamation promising self government and religious and ra cial freedom to the poles within his domain in return for their support in battle A similar pledge was ras made b bi geimann to that part of the an chent kingdom nox now ruled b bi her aus tria called on all hel hei poles for loial t ti pointing to the freedom and kind ness accorded them in the past thus it v as that poles x ere arra ed poles the follon followers ers of russia strai filming ing to capture chacow cracow and the austro german armies aiming at warsaw harsar no matter who rho Is victorious lous it Is tain that one of these cities hlll enill suiter suffer should the russians in the end hold bracon cracow its people will rill be made to pa dearly for their defiance of the czar it if the austro germans triumph and warsaw is finally finall theirs she will rill agne no less a price tor for her opposition to the kalser kaiser chile W hile warsaw has been the center of agitation tor for the restoration of poland in late ears earb crador cracow was as a thriving city before 1 vi alqan came into being it is in the older city that the most memories of the dead kinf edom are found for castles church the ancient castle hill called waivel into these the waters raters have eaten deep baes now valued as the oldest repositories tories of remains of 0 human civill bation in the stone age A legend deiling dealing with rith the mythical mith mth icil ical founder of ol 01 the city tells how the brave krakus delivered the people from a haunting terror by slaving a dragon thit that dwell in a cave of wael bawel hill still to be seen there and eLac exacted td a tribute of human victims tor for its food As early as the ninth century chris was ras accepted in kracov the seit seat of 0 a bishopric being established about the middle of the tenth century the cit was a nourishing flourishing commercial town under the rule of 0 bohemia but in the air holes boles laus the braie brae one ot of the earliest polish warriors Narrio rs won ran a victory over the bohemian troops and drove their garrison from the town torn thus had cracow chacow received her first taste 0 ot w R airfare st adalbert before he went rent to win the palm of 0 mart adom at the hands ot 0 the heathen prussians is said to have hao preached in the market farhet place now central square where here a small church erected to his memory is still standing from the time ot of boleslaus the polish monarchs chose cracow chacow as their place of ct residence and the town boin gained in prosperity and influence famous old buildings among the most famous ot of the an chent bail buildings dings remaining in kracov cracow are st andrew andren B s church the dainel castle st s gate and barbican wavel dav el cathedral the cracow chacow university dad and the tomb ot of kosciusko the un university hersity is one ot of the oldest in europe hav han ing been built in the four century tho cathedral started building almost a hundred 3 ears before additions and improvements being added during man ages fol following loNing the town tonn walls ralls and fortified gates placed no little parts in the battles of cracow chacow and as a result most of them were destroyed st florians gate ho however Rever Is ib still fairly well rell pre preserved sered and its barbican barbi cin which as an outer fortress is in excellent condl condi tion it was ras in 1791 that the mighty Kosc kosciusko lusko started the fight tor for polish independence making mailing his in warsaw after a bloody battle lasting three das dans the russians were driven out 0 of the alt and a short time later wilna the capital of lith U ania nias nas also liberated but after a 1 scar car of terrible naria warfare anre poland polan I 1 s hero V 7 AT lv tw to T o a yf I 1 A SA vt wass i f fy S r way asyl w A AA wy r 1 e ts t S ti p n ow I 1 fy lp a t otist 5 4 f S p p 11 Q r F 4 Z t ir ily v ym 4 CWI V i i ii K r i rth V A or OF arsaw aar ci and fortresses erected by some ot of the ancient monar monarchs clis are still in a good state ot of preservation under the rule ot of austria the inhabitants have been permitted d to elect their municipal government and po fish patriotism has run high the people taking tho the greatest possible care of 0 remaining monuments of their former gic atness at rt t cri cn cow cov is the center ot of tho the arand duchy duchi ot of the same name the pro inco of 0 galicia Gall cla and Is among the most notable cities of 0 austria hun gary prehistoric dwelling place in prehistoric times the eaves caves in a range of 0 hills north of 0 the spot inhere chicon noi lies R ere the oldest dwell ings tor for the men ot of the limestone period ithan tho the precincts of the town several hills anse anee among them was ras defeated and the russians aured warsaw within tho the past cen tury the cit has been the storm center of oe two serious reN revolts in which the spirit of kosciuszko flamed forth anew in the hearts of the latter war bovland in late vears ears even eien under the more liberal government ganv ot of the wealthy poles have hae retired from warsaw giving up their business and friends to live files ot of seclusion on little farms a tev fenn miles from the city here they may live his their lives in peace and quietude teaching their children the ideals ot of old poland and the hato hate tor for the czar many ot of the former polish nobles the richest families and the best educated mii ma lie be found in these farmhouses raising such supplies as are necessary to their dally daily life and striving to hotter the hopes of their raio race |