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Show Science Finds American Homes Are "Human Dry Kilns!" Are "Human yM'MX il H flj F H 1 " average Amos i vMVwEr I R'lf ill Ui k horrw or office during the W&lyp JlvO Ljr: I I 1 f 1 1 I: I I heating aeaaon, reports the W l jfjtj u 1 , Surgeon-Ceneral of the U. S. 'IS- ""S1. Any.HeavlhiUthecauaeo( If ffrriiv' C I -Bjjffl t 'JlS mycaaMofrespiratoryillneM. Teats conducted at the UnW r0fWLX Terslty of minoto have ahown vfrififc9 repeatedly that, with a mod- J Testa conducted at the Voir reralty ot HUnola hara ahown repeatedly that, with a mod- . ltiea The heavy itraignt aiagonoi la known ai the Comfort Una. It hat J been established, by many physiological physiolog-ical tosU, aa the ldal to work toward. Lefa see how joo can use thla chart In your home. 8uppose your thermometer ther-mometer ahowa that the temperature In your living-room la TO degrees. Ton run your finger tip the chart to where the Comfort Line crossca the TO-de-grce temperature-lino. Thla falls midway between 40 and 60 per cent relntlve humidity. So yoa know the relative humidity In the room should be about 43 per cent Hamldity 1 Economical. But suppose our temperature la 65 degreea Instead of 70. The Comfort Line crosses 70 degrees exactly on the line reprepentlng 00 per cent relntlve humidity. So If we want to be as comfortable with tire thermometer down at 63 aa we were when It waa up at 70, we must have a relative humidity hu-midity of 00 per cent "And the moral of that" Is that. In era warm air ueuuu ynijxu, air In the home la completely turned over on an average of one and a half Omoa an boor. If yoa haven't thla type of heating pi an V IX yen have one which leave the air practically static except when doore and wlndowa are openthe amount of water required for humldlflcatlon will be considerably ksa. But you pay for thla advantage by the great disadvantage of having the air la your home less well circulated. Infiltration a Big Factor. A third assumption adopted le that the Inllltratlon ot outside air Into your home la no greater than In the average. aver-age. Tew persona realise the extraordinary extra-ordinary amount of cold air that cornea In through window and door cracks. Without being able to calcn-late calcn-late such factors particularly tor each bouse, the staff of the Institute which prepared the table waa able to give only approximate figures. But the formula they used waa based npoa J IKEN1NO the aver age err-hatd under-humid American Ameri-can home to a "human dry-kiln,'' Dr. Thomas Hubbard of Toledo, Ohio, past president of the American Medical Med-ical Association, In an article recently recent-ly published In the Journal of that organization, said: "Unhygienic heating, combined with foolish fashions In clothing, results In acute and chronic diseases of the upper up-per and lower respiratory tract" "The hothouse habit" Dr. Hubbard calls the American practice of Uvlng In excessively warm dry Indoor tem-peraturea. tem-peraturea. Louis E. Blanchard, A. B., M. D, of Buffalo, New York, Is another an-other medical authority who haa expressed ex-pressed himself on thla subject In print "An abnormally dry air," saya Dr. Blanchard, "auch aa la produced by heating systems without adequate humidifying equipment causes an excessive ex-cessive loss of moisture from the body and concentration of body fluids. In the average home the air Is drier than the atmosphere over the deserts." des-erts." Desert Air in U. S. Homo. This Inst statement is borne out by facts jrnthered by the Holland Institute Insti-tute of Thermology, of Holland, Michigan. Mich-igan. In countless steam and hot-water hented homes and oAlccs, the relative rel-ative humidity Is only 23 per cent, or even lower. This la actually drier than the air over the Sahara, where the average relative humidity la 83 per cent So the evidence of modern medicine favors the conclusion that one of the greatest causes of colds and other disorders dis-orders of the breathing apparatus Is DAILY EVAPORATION TABLE South North If yon live In too. Atlantic Contral Ctral P.cJ8 State State State States And If yor 4-room bungalow 10 qt. 4 qt. 10 qt. t qt home U about qU g qlfc ,j qtfc ,u. the sua Indi- . " .. catad h.ra, yoa B room hou. 16 qt. 6 qt. IS qt. 12 qt. Wa' ra"dk,e 6"room h"" M,U' "tHU' " " Torumo'o'f water Small 7-room how . . . . U qt. qt. II qfc W . shown in the 7 or 8 room. . SOqU. lSqt. SSqt. tSqU. uaUhe'rig"!: 6 or 10 .......40q qU. 02 qU. 31 Holland Institute at TbsraMlasy that worked out by Prof. A. a Wll-lard Wll-lard of the University ot Illinois. Average outdoor conditions have been used aa the basis of the computations. compu-tations. When aero weather prevails, -considerably more evaporation will be needed than Is shown. Moreover, there Is greater danger to your health and comfort from too little humidity than from too much. So the table la a sound guide to use In regulating conditions in your particular home. Now, there Is only one more ques-tion ques-tion .that confronts you: How can you turn nil. this water Into vapor and keep it suspended la the alf of your, house? , , If you have a stove or a steam or hot-water heating . plant, yon ' will hnve to depend on some form of water wa-ter pans set on the radiators or some patented humidifying device. The University of Illinois test-report eaya that "proper humldlflcatlon cannot be obtained by placing pans on hot-water or steam radiators nnlese an excessive ex-cessive amount of water surface to exposed." ' '' If your home Is heated by a warm air circulating central heating plant, there probably la some form of water-pan In connection with the furnace liself. - The Illinois testa have ahown, In general, that these pons are cap-oblo cap-oblo of producing the amnller amounta of nlr-molsture shown In the table, tint that they fall down when it comes to the big humidifying Jobs required by the better homes. Furthermore, these water-pans, aa well aa those used with steam and 1 hot-water plants, must be kept filled dally or they go dry and become use- general, heating costs will be lower In the home which Is properly humidified and kept at moderate warmth than In the house constantly filled with excessively ex-cessively hot dry air. Unless the air In the home contains ample moisture, the temperature will hnve to be kept high and the heating heat-ing system will have to be over-flred to do It Steady, moderate firing produces pro-duces both the most economical and the mart even hent Forcing the heating heat-ing plant runs the cost up. It also results, sooner or Inter, In burning out the grates and flrepot and this necessitates ne-cessitates costly repairs. How Much Evaporation T So the Comfort Chart shows exnet-ly exnet-ly what relative humidities should prevail. There's only one way of producing humidity, nnd that Is to evaporate water Into vapor and circulate cir-culate It In tho Rlr. So the simple practical quertlnn you numl have answered an-swered Is, How much water must be evaporated In my homo, each day to produce the Ideal relative humidity? The Holland Institute of Tliermolngy also has worked this nut for you and presents the results here for the first time In the Daily Evaporation Table. In the preparation of this tnble It waa taken for granted that . half the necessary evaporation will come from .your cook stove, laundry, and bathroom, water from running faucets, and .other Incidental sources in the household routine. Air conditioning experts assume that half the total moisture required will come from such sources while the other half must be supplied by the humidifying equipment equip-ment . lack of proper humidity In our homes. Relative humidity, the Holland Institute In-stitute of Thermology explains, la the amount of moisture suspended In the air as compared with the amount the air could hold. When the air contains all the moisture It can stand the relative rel-ative humidity Is said to be 100 per cent If the relative humidity of the air In a room Is 50 per cent, it contains con-tains just balf as much moisture as It could possibly hold at that particular partic-ular temperature. Air's ability to hold moisture increases in-creases as the temperature rises. In winter the temperature of outdoor air la low; so It cannot hold much water. wa-ter. When this comparatively dry air comes Into the bouse, It to warmed. Then it Is capable ot holding much more moisture. This must be supplied to It If It Isn't the relative humidity humid-ity is too low for health and comfort Chart Show Ideal, So the first practical thing for you to know is Just what combination of heat and relative humidity u feqnlred In your home. By means of elaborate experiments, the America, Society Heuting and VentUadOg fagtnejBfe hare learned that Thetr flndlna axe shown, with scientific a&4 mainerflae-Ical mainerflae-Ical accuracy. In a "Oom&rtCtiart" The Holland Institute f& Taensol-ogy Taensol-ogy bus simplified thla ejajf tap that It can be used easily WVJ wnlry In Its own home. The strfmTlftftCl chart . Is published here for t&eflrst time. There are three eed M UftfiJ to It Those that go strolgni VP few down represent the teaxpfttOA (ha fcurv-' fcurv-' lng diagonals show the Iwatfpfl IluJnid- Ices. . Humidifier I Foolproof." These facta have created the necessity ne-cessity for an automatic humidifier, which to met by the latest type of vapor-alre warm air circulating heating heat-ing plant As part of thla equipment there to an automatic device attached to the plumbing pipes.. It to turned on at the beginning of the heating season and Introduces a constant flow of water for evaporation inlo the central cen-tral heating plant and the resultant vapor to carried np to the rooms by the circulating air-currents. ! Engineering tests on this automatic humidifier have ahown It capable of evaporating from three to more than ' 20 gallons of water a day. In severe winter conditions In representative . home-Installations, it has maintained relative humidities ranging from 40 to 64 per cent In the various rooms. Like all automatic devices, an automatic auto-matic humidifier must be "foolproof If It to not to be watched constantly. The device used with the vapor-alre warm air beating plant presents no danger, for It the home-owner permits per-mits more water to flow through It than can be evaporated, the excess .-of into the ash-pit where it dampens damp-ens the ashes to prevent dust and vri trs steam which aids to com-huwilon com-huwilon . |
