Show CAMPAIGNS IN THE EAST the first twelvemonth of fighting between the russians on one side and the austrians Aust lans rians and germans on the other is a story of great changes of fortune both combatants being repeatedly peat edly driven back only to show the greatest resiliency in defeat and soon to resume the offensive in a most surprising manner dussias Rus sias losses in the first year of the var ar are not approached by those of any nation in any war of history slow to mobilize on oil august 1 1914 germany declared war on oil russia almost immediately the germans crossed the frontier at thorn and the austrians Aust rians south of lublin they were practically unopposed because of the slowness of mobilization in russia the grand duke nicholas was forced to gather his main armies well to the rear of the line of great fortresses running through koeno grod no Osso wetz novo warsaw and Ivan gorod on account ot of his desire to do all ho he could to relieve the french who were being driven from northern france by the amazing german rush through belgium nicholas attacked sooner than he otherwise would have done As a result he met two disasters he hent bent general nort into east prussia from the south arid and general into east prussia from the east the latter winning the first large engagement of the war in the east at Gum gumbines Gumbl binen nen at this moment the germans believing that the french were well in hand and about to be surrounded on oil their eastern frontier quickly withdrew men from france and hurled them by rail into east prussia chero they fell upon with crushing force in the great german victory of tannenberg aug 28 meanwhile the austrians Aust rians leaving only a few troops in galicia to hold back the russians advancing from on the line of the anila lipa struck the russians en masse at krasnik and routed them to lublin most bloody drive of war with two armies in ili difficulty the grand duke decided to abandon one to its fate and save the other he threw re into lublin and ordered the line of the anila lipa river be forced at any cost in one ot of the most bloody drives of the war the rt russians silaus advanced into eastern galicia and occupied lemberg the russians then advanced to rawa ruska and took the austrian armies jn in poland in the rear cutting them up frightfully Alean meanwhile while von hindenburg had completed his victory over by turning on and clearing east prussia of muscovites but though had bad been defeated and almost annihilated hi lil the germans the russians were now as far west as tarnow in galicia while their Cos cossacks sacka were able to make raids into hungary farther south hindenburg concentrated a great force suddenly in silesia and began a drive from the west against warsaw and ivan gorod the siberian corps arrived in the nick of time to save warsaw from the enemy hindenburg then drew off the north rii irn section of his army in poland to tho the north thinking to take the pursuing russians in flank with the southern section but the austrians Aust rians were too slow to carry out the field mar plans and the russians slipping into a gap in the lines between the germans and their allies slaughtered the latter the result was tho the high tide of russian invasion the Aust lustriana austrians Au rians withdrew over the carpa again leaving przemysla to be besieged a second time the germans withdrew to silesia and the russians following closely were able for a brief moment to raid this rich province at kleschen Pl eschen at the same timo time they entered east prussia again but again the german strategic railways proved their undoing hill denburg concentrated at thorn and drove into the right flank of the russian main forces throwing them back on glodz he advanced too far however and when lie he had the russian forces nearly surrounded he suddenly found russians in his own rear in this extremity tre mity the russians say he be telegraphed for re but before tho the re sent from flanders arrived the germans had managed at frightful cost to hack their way to safety this was the bloody battle of glodz wins second victory with ith stronger german forces op opposing pos them the russians withdrew to the line of bzura rawa and nida rivers at the same time the aus arians attempting to debouch from the carpathian passes were driven back everywhere leaving prisoners with january hindenburg made a third desperate attack on warsaw for ten days both night and day the germans came on then having lost probably men mail and the russians nearly as many they gave it up unable to reach warsaw hindenburg concentrated twice sievers Sl evers force I 1 in it east prussia and won his second overwhelming victory there enormous captures of russians were made and the fortress of grafno was vas attacked farther west from Osso wetz to Pul tusk the germans retreated to bilawa and then tried to flank the russians at which city they took but the russians again flanked the flanking party as they had done at glodz and won an important success february 2228 22 28 in ili march and april the russians pressed through the western carpathian passes and entered hungary just when their future seemed brightest the germans broke the russian line in west galicia and let through enormous forces pressing westward irresistibly they took the russian carpathian armies in the rear the latter tried to retreat but vast numbers were captured which had succumbed to the russian besiegers march 22 fell again into the hands of the austro germans from przemysla von mackensen drove east through Mos ciska and grodek and captured lemberg the galician Gali clan capital then he turned north and marched upon the warsaw Ivan gorod brest litovsky triangle from the south the germans now began the grandest maneuver ever seen in the history of human warfare from froin the windau river in the baltic provinces all the way along the border of east prussia and in a gigantic sweep through the vicinity of radom west of the vistula and a line south of 0 the lublin cholm cholin railway they delivered smashing blows and have reached the very gates of warsaw |