Show 7 M jig n ipox av lop lit v 91 0 rz n i va T ROARK na V E alu N 9 Oi oiva VW GY 7 07 HO ly pg tory tor y kopes to bring about a 21 sav saving ing ai of two billion ballton dollars 1 r lir m a ear its a rather neat s saving a vt n 4 AID the chicago pork packer we make our money by saying everything but the squeal says anys prank frank J Ilal lauer the wood industries are going to go the pork packers one better they tire are going to stive save everything including the lark bark and it Is to tench the wood industry how to do this that mr hallauer has been working for six years engineer of a little known branch of government the forest products laboratory situated at madison wis mr and his associates hope to teach this country how low to save two billions of dollars annually lie ile is confident that it can bo be done that is that the annual cut of wood now valued at two billious billions lions can be made into articles of itse use which at present prices would bring double that amount it Is a man size job but the confident confident engineer points proudly to unbelievably vast economies already rea dy effected in ili the wood trades through the word work of the forest products labora torys chemists they are in such terms that it would be hard to tabulate the exact savings but there is little doubt that they run over a year few persons outside the wood trades know of the 1 laboratory ab oratory the first of its kind ever to be established but which lias has been imitated in a number oi of countries since it began operation its annual appropriation Is small for the work it dies something less than the laboratory is now looked upon to save the paper situation of the country and it cheerfully tackles the job only recently announcement was made in 11 washington ashington that the laboratory had discovered that good grades of paper can be made from a number of far western woods and that wisconsin paper mills were already ordering train londs of wood chips from the west for paper pup the cost of freight to wisconsin Is more than offset by the cheapness of the chips and the paper thus ninde made Is expected to i prove a considerable factor in relieving the pa paper per famine A visitor who leaves mr hallauer can scarcely believe that there Is anything which cannot be made from wood how about the cabled story that the germans have lave discovered a food they can make from wood which they tire are feeding to russian prisoners was the first question asked almost almose sure surely ily not true he said the human stomach cannot stand it it Is possible to convert sawdust into cattle food and that was probably the foundation for the story but germany fram her forests Is obtaining such great results that if as an english writer recently suggested impractically england were to destroy germanas germanys Germ Geri anys forests the war would surely end very soon artificial cotton is one odthe of the things which are being supplied from wood paper shirts are also being used but then japan Is supplying these to the russian Ilus soldiers germany has been driven to extreme use of her forests by necessity but no country with the exception of germany has made such a systematic effort nt at developing forest products as the united states charcoal for the manufacture of black Is being obtained from dogwood willow and alder great quantities of alcohol and ether ellier are made from imported molasses but if we were cut off from this raw material we could depend upon the forests alcohol could also be made from grain but in war times grain would be required for food it Is estimated that during the pres present ent year gallons of denatured alcohol will be used at home while huge buge quantities are being exported the use of wood for gunst gunstocks gun stocks ochs Is generally familiar our supply of seasoned blask black walnut the most suitable wood for the purpose has been entirely exhausted bythe by the heavy demands of europe heretofore the practice has been to lk let gunstock material air season for months before it would be worked up time became so important that artificial seasoning was resorted to io but improper methods destroyed too much of the alie material the forest products laboratory has now perfected dry kilns kalns which overcome the trouble and ne as a further aid is perfecting methods of using other woods notably barcli for gun stock then there Is the near relative of the gun stock the wooden leg bleg making heavy demands for willow millions of feet of lumber lumbar and heavy timbers are required in war times for structural purposes such as the erection of docks bridges trenches land and temporary shelters disinfectants Disinfect ants are now a necessity they can be made from wood pure wood alcohol is the only substance that can be converted into formaldehyde malde hyde universally used for against such contagious diseases as smallpox scarlet fever dip diphtheria theria and tuberculosis it Is also alsa used to prevent grop crop diseases by di dis infecting the seeds but apt the Imp importance oriance of forest products for war way C compares with their importance for industries the elargest Th largest of these are the rid pap paper naval stores and dis employ more than 4 ayo R OV mW cy ov CLec nya nage uw earners their products are valued at annually the most promising and novel developments in the line of products byproducts by from wood are in the nature of chemical utilization it might be said eald that the chemists of the forest foiest products laboratory have put the prod to forest products the lumber industry draws upon the forests for many times as much material as do all the other industries and only about one third of the tree cut for lumber Is actually put on the market in that shape right here la Is more than enough waste although not often in the right form or readily available to supply raw material for all the other industries the problem now becomes one of adopting means of utilization to suit the conditions years ago wood ashes were leached beached for home soap making to furnish potash the practice disappeared it Is now being revived as a source of potash to offset the shortage of fertilizer due to the war in the red river valley of texas the indians used to use osage orange for dyeing but that wood never gained commercial recognition as a dyewood within the last year however we have succeeded in getting it into the market as a sub for fustic which we ve import from froin jamaica find and tehuantepec and more moie than worth of these dyes is now being made by american manufacturers the forest products laboratory has just completed an analysis of the oils which can be obtained from the needles or leaves of all the coniferous trees of the country from a number of species the oils obtained have very attractive odors other oils can be used in greases and shoe blackings brackings blac kings in europe the finer needle oils are used as perfumes in ili soaps others are used for inhalations for lung diseases it has been working on the production of alcohol front from wood for five years yeara it lins has succeeded in lowering ohp cost of production and raised the yield beld to such a point that the introduction of this alcohol as a motor fuel seems likely particularly with gasoline going up as it has been As mark twain said what chance has prohibition when a man can take a ripsaw and get drunken diun kon a fence rall or drink the legs ore off the kitchen table western larch has an unusually high pei percent of which it Is 19 believed bel leed can be converted concerted into a fermentable sugar for foi use in making grain alcohol this same in oxidation yields large quantities of murle acid and acid can talo take the place of tartaric acid in the manufacture of baking powder ponder A number of lumbermen recently visited the laboratory and one of the chemists made baking powder from wood and his wife made biscuit with it another advance Is id the preparation of a fine sweet from a sugar derived from galac tau so if the people of montana the home of the western larch get hard pressed they can make their flapjacks flap jacks with larch baking powder bake them over a stove heated with larch alcohol and sweeten them with larely Convert converting ln cellulose obtained from wood into a gelatinous material known as a viscose opens up another beld field for foi research and adds a new line of products running all the way from sausage casings to tapestry five million dollars w worth orth of silk socks sold last year got theli their silk from wood as did many silk neckties and fancy braids probably it wont be long before the whims of the silkworm will have little control over silk market conditions dit lons kraft paper Is made from sulphate pulp and the method of making it came to this country from sweden ten years ago kraft Is much I 1 stronger than other papers it Is brown like what we usually think of as wrapping paper larie large quantities of it are used for tha purpose and it Is particularly suitable for large envelopes kraft Is used for book covers for imitation leather and for cardboard suitcases an attempt Is being made to produce a paper twine that will replace the binder twines now made from imported fibers this question has become more active because of the recent shortage of these other fibers on account of the conditions south of us A successful paper substitute would provide for the utilization of a large amount of wood waste and at the samo same time build up a home industry independent of foreign raw materials problems put up to the laboratory to solve are many and complex one man in the frog business was suffering heavy losses from the death of his tadpoles he asked the laboratory to find out if there was anything lin In the wood which when washed out poisoned the tadpoles the government chemists undertook to study the matter they could not locate the trouble so it was put up to the section of timber tests after a few experiments it was found that the resonant croaking of the large frogs produced vibrations in the boards of the tanks the vibrations were transmitted through the water to the ganglia t of the tadpoles they have no brains causing a disease somewhat akin to infantile paralysis the remedy was simple the man was advised to separate his tadpoles from ills his large frogs thus confining the vibrations to the older generations this was done and the mortality among thet the tadpoles decreased wonderfully |