Show BRAZILS CITIES aries ARE AM WONDERFUL rio sao paulo fernambuco pernambuco and bahia pictured prepared by national geographic society washington ax D C r service enumerators recently C CENSUS have completed counting people in brazil while the state spreads over an area greater than that of the united states nearly every great population center lies on the atlantic coast there are ten brazilian cities with more than inhabitants of the first four rio de janeiro sao paulo pernambuco fernambuco recife and cihla bahia sao salvador only sao paulo Is inland rio de janeiro the capital contributed nearly people to the census ceneus enumerators figures amid all brazils amazing coastal panorama of verdant forests mysterious river foaming cascades mountains and polyglot populous towns rio remains the very acme of human interest As the traveler enters glittering rio and bet beholds holds the alabaster like city of palms marble mountains and color lie he Is astounded here Is an illusion from an arabian nights dream a magic super city never built by marl man look at those amazing mountain peaks that rise from the sea they cannot he be or of this world they are unreal like a landscape on the moon pictured through a telescope to enter tills this groat great world port you walk down the gangplank and straight out into a formal garden with a big bronze fountain this leads off into a fifth avenue like boulevard which in turn flows into a wide world famous beach drive prist past embassies clubs and more palms and geometric gardens dingy docks pawnshops pool halls quick and dirty cafes cafcas cheap rooming houses touts and runners dirt smells all the trash and claptrap of many other water fronts fire are missing here rising fully 1200 feet and almost straight out of the sea sugar loaf lofty sentinel of the rio harbor Is easily the cites outstanding landmark incoming air pilots it if halt half lost in fog foe or rain hall its familiar outlines with grunts of relief in a queer aerial trolley a dizzy trip which Is a supreme triumph for the nervous you can reach its top look at this spectacular city from sugar loaf or any high angle and you see how smoothly in a mass ass form and color it harmonizes with the shape and shades of its terrestrial environment you observe that it Is cohesive one work of art yet it Is not a solid city with a checkerboard checker board pattern of blocks and squares squeezed into rigid city limits like leipzig or indianapolis sao paul second largest of brazilian cities Is capital and business metropolis of sao paulo bbate it Is one of the oldest cities in south america but its age has not deprived it of modern commercial development fifty years before the capt john smith pocohontas episode at jamestown va a portuguese sailor founded sao paulo and married the daughter of a native indian chief later jesuit missionaries established a church at the settlement and held the first religious service on the feast day in celebration of the conver plon Flon of st paul sao paulos swift growth for three centuries sao paulo enjoyed isolation unfettered by colonial laws of portugal it was about 1000 miles from the portuguese government officials who were at that time at balila bahia in 1875 the ball of commercial progress started rolling among the inhabitants and newcomers were instilled with a boom spirit in slightly more than fifty years the city has increased in population from to nearly new streets that were built were made broad and straight and flanked with modera modern buildings the railway depot municipal and state government buildings museums libraries schools and some of its new business buildings would be flattering additions to many cities of the world of the same size three huge public gardens and more than fifty parks break the monotony of the miles of streets tt sao paulo might properly be called the city that coffee built many of the palatial residences are those of coffee barons in sao paulo streets huge trucks heavy carts and perspiring men laden with sacks of coffee are always within eyeshot coffee was not introduced into brazil until two centuries ago but the price of coffee now largely governs the rise and fall of sao radios prosperity while ethiopia Is the original home of coffee sao paulo state has adopted the greater portion of the descendants of the original coffee berries if all the coffee plantations in the state were in one plantation it would cover an aren area as large as delaware and rhode island combined in a single year more than one and a quarter million pounds ol of coffee are produced in the state there are more than seven coffee trees for every man woman and child in the state pernambuco fernambuco Is I 1 a gateway more than miles of railroads now use sao paulo as a hub the railroad from sao paulo to santos the cites port on the atlantic has been one of the worlds most profitably profi tab r steel highways although its upkeep per mile Is itee Kering in the 87 miles of sinuous tracks between the cities trains must climb from sea level at santos to nearly feet feel at S sio 10 paulo in one seven mile section the line rises more than 2000 2000 feet pernambuco fernambuco third largest city Is 11 the easternmost city of 0 the western hemisphere and to 1 called the gateway to south america for europe south america bound aviators fernambuco pernambuco state of which the city Is the capital and two other states make up the northeastern shoulder of their continent to brazilians Brazi lians the city la Is known as lle recife cre asi K f a line were drawn from aernam buco due north it would just miss the western extremity of the azores and intersect the latitude of 0 new york city nearer to portugal than to new york dakar westernmost city of africa Is only halt half the distance from aernam buco that liverpool Is from new york fernambuco pernambuco noses into all direct transportation por tation lanes from european and north atlantic ports that do business with ports south of pernambuco fernambuco shipping from new york boston or baltimore or liverpool or lisbon reaches rio nio de janiero or buenos alres aires by passing harbor many of its inhabitants are descendants of the dutch and portuguese both of whom once claimed the city and surrounding country pernambuco fernambuco owes much of 0 its progress to the influence of these races who fostered agriculture and commerce the old section of pernambuco fernambuco shows its portuguese origin in the va varicolored plaster faced face buildings that line some of the narrow cobblestone paved streets in the downtown section n abile hile here and there steep gabled houses and business structures recall the quarter century of dutch occupation that began ten years after the ill grims landed on plymouth rock until a few years ago large ocean going boats had bad to anchor far out in the harbor up to date ducks docks were constructed and railroads were built reaching into the productive hinter A moving day in brazil land As a result pernambuco fernambuco has become in a short time one of the important gateways to eastern brazil sugar tobacco lumber himber fruit cotton rubber and coffee that once graced tho the backs of mules now flow into the city by rall rail in vast quantities than forty sugar mills in the capital city attest the states sugar production textile mills shoe soap and lock factories are also there most blost of business Is carried on in the old section of the city the city market perhaps strikes the fancy of americans more than any other feature an abundance of rich luscious tropical fruit Is everywhere to be seen bahia has a fine harbor bahia which contributes about to the census figures was the first portuguese settlement founded in brazil to brazilians Brazi lians it Is sao san salvador according to the letters of amerigo vespucci he be and his followers spent several months in all saints bay in the neighborhood of bahia during the early years of the sixteenth century bahia was not officially recognized by the portuguese government however until 1519 1549 when the first governor general of braill set up a colonial government there bahia was the capital of brazil from that time until 1763 when the government was removed to rio de janeiro the harbor bahia faces Is one of the finest on the east coast of south america vessels from many world ports are anchored offshore while smaller boats with local cargoes come and go like schools of water beetles the travelers first impression of 0 bahia as he sails vp rp the harbor toward the city Is that there are really two separate towns A congested settlement hugs the shore line while on a cliff in the background feet above the root roof tops the fringe of another settlement Is visible in the narrow streets of the lower town and among the bordering warehouses halt naked porters perspiring freely in the tropical heat beat spend their r days moving cargoes of 0 cocoa tobacco cotton sugar rubber and fruits all products of bahia state brought to the port by railroad trains and high wheeled donkey carts the customs house depot and offices of foreign firms interested in bahia commodities also are in the lower town most of babias cocoa the largest exportable product of dahla state Is shipped to the united states upper bahia Is reached by elevators steps and winding roads here and there it in the narrow streets of this portion of the city sky blue and delicate pink houses some of whose plastered routs crouts me ate deeply pock maikel taku take the traveler back a century or two in bahlas history hut but within a a stones throw of these districts there are wide modern thoroughfares lined with fine shops banks theaters office and gov eminent buildings A park or a garden now and then breaks the monotony of the solid rows of mas masonry ortry |