Show bame callea via but D if f ere nt rd eo p 44 11 XI 11 g I 1 51 2 m IT P ANIM S chey johns f on 7 aen I 1 john by ELMO SCOTT WATSON VATSON 3 is uie alie anniversary of the birthday of two american soldiers vi liose how careers afford some striking similarities and some equally striking differences They bore the same family name yet were not related they were graduated from tile alie same military school both achieved distinction as indian lighters fighters both attained high ranks in both the united unite states array and tile the confederate aminy et ct one rose to the heights as a military leader only to be cile cheated atell of ills its reword reward by death while the other lived to see lis ills fame as a soldier end in of an anti clomax the two were ere albert sidney johnston and joseph eggleston johnston albert sidney johnston nas born on february 3 ISO 11 in washington ky the fon of a connecticut country riu physician and was vas graduated from the united states military Alili tary academy ellith eighth in it ills class in ile he was assigned to the second infantry and served as chief of staff to gen henry amunson in tile clack black hawk war lit in wl 1832 re ie signing from tile lie army in 1834 1934 he be was a farmer for a short time near st SL louis then in irvi juanc d the texas patriots in their struggle tor for freedom although entering tile the texan tean te an army as 93 a private lie he rapidly rose all tile the grades to the command of the army and in president bill abdiu lamar of the lone star republic made him secretary of war next year lie led a campaign against hostile indans bild in two brilli brilliant aint battles defeated them and di drove ove them out of f texas net X 01 we flad find him a planter in fit texas but at tile the outbreak of the mexican war lie aas as in the field aguin again as clonel of tile first jr st texas rifles this regiment IT toon scoon disbanded hut but johns jonnston continued in the r sen amice ice und and was inspector general of butlers Plit lers division divi gion nt lit tile the battle of monterey although cen en zachary taylor tit ybor called him ti tile I 1 est soldier lie he ever coin commanded mail ded and Us bis super lots recommended jilin for nit an rp as brigader gendral he was pasted over for political icil reasons and again retired to ins his farm farin there lie he lived in doerty and neglect until Pre president bulor jn in 1849 suddenly nud denly appointed hini hill a ant paini master aster ja the united I 1 states tareq army and six nl tears later president aleice appointed JAW him colonel of a new regiment nent tile the second cavalry cai ca alry in 1857 he was placed in command of the expedition to restore order among the in utah who were in open against tile government ern ment py BY a forced of OO 00 10 miles lit in 27 days lie ills his little army of 1100 men to find cheul luht lost amid the filled denies defiles of the brockles Ito Ro ckles with fill the lie temperature at I 1 10 below zero their supplies su cut afy by the hostile marmins Mor mins and their starving tennis teams their only food ey by an all extraordinary tra deploy of energy and wj als j duin doin johnbson Johnb ton led the army safely into winter quarters and by equally commendable lie put nn an end to the rebellion without a drop of blood being shed lor loor l or tills this exploit lie was brevet ted brigadier denoral and a aline lat latr later r placed in coin coill mund of hie lie department of tile the pacific loyal to the army had and the nation the coming of tile the civil war brought the lie deepest to johnston hut but when texas receded lie his commission but bill lie regarded his command us as such a sacred that lie concealed his resignation until lie he could be relieved and went cot at once to richmond where in september he was placed in command of all the lie confederate forces in the west the fill fall of foit henry and rort fort Don donenson ebson to the union forces under foote aud and grant follo followed ned and the new dew leader fell bit buck C k to murtress ep s boro where lie he began reorganizing ills troops then lie moved to corinth miss tile the ley hey of the defense of the railroad system in the lower mississippi valley where by y april 1 lie had about men poorly armed anil and badly supplied grant commanding the right wing of the union army was concentrating at pittsburg ritts burg landing on the tennessee river with some men inen and buell was randly approaching pro aching alth more with a napoleonic flash of genius johnston decided to beat the enemy in detail and to attack grant before buell could arrie arrhe on april 3 he started on ills his 25 23 mile dille march to pittsburgh loading landing but lie he was deliea by bad roads slid and d d not arrive until the ath at a council of war general ilea bregard ure gard ills his second in command protested in against ainest an AIR attack anti advised a to corinth johnston overruled jilin unit and on oil sunday morning april 0 he led his lii army to the attack it was a complete surprise fur for grunt grant was not enell on oil the field the struggle lasted all dagand wits was proceeding successfully just as johns tot ion had planned the union army was as being eing crowded into un an angle snake creek anti and the tenessee tenesee river iver i und was facing annihilation about 20 in ili the afternoon johns john toil tji while leading a charge which crushed crus lied the left wing win of nf grants gunts forces fell with a mortal wound real keau rolard witla with enough daylight left to complete the victory letory vacillated and ordered the attack to cease that night buells Bli brells ells army came up tip anil and the next nest day the confederates were driven drier from tile the field had the bullet which struck doun albert sidney johnston beached leached cache another target elip history of if tile the civil war might have been lastly different lilile Ln lile albert sidnea johnston who las af a southerner of northern ancestry ee try joseph lI ggleston johnston was as a southerner of the southerners ile he was vas burn born in cheairy cheiry glove lauve va on february 3 17 the scion of it a vl virginia r family which had been in th tins Is auntry tor for nearly ears ile he was graduated front from west point in 1329 in the same class that gave robert K F lee to the army anny and a second lieutenant in tile the fourth artillery wit tile except exception on of service in the 1 I lack iak hawk war in most of liis his first six years in the army was pant t lit ill garrison duty at var various ioui big along almog the atlantic be seaboard aboard lint but in ili 1830 1836 lie he became aide de camp to gun gen winfield scott in the war ar with the seminole indians in florida and non a brevet as captain fur for gallantry in action when aien troops under ills his command tell fell into an ambuscade 1 front from which Jolin hion extricated skillfully on this his bis uniform was perforated with nith no do less les than llian 30 bullets in 1842 13 lie he its as again in florida serving against tile Semi seminoles noles in tile war with plexico lie was at the baege alo vf of vera cruz cray and in ili the battles of cerro gordo contreras del rey ney chapultepee c and the attack on the city of mexico U he vaa uail tee bee iely wounded tit lit cerro gordo gordn and again at chapultepec where lie was utis the first to plant regimental colors colon on the rum of tile fortress for foi his gallantry at cerro gordo he be was brevet ted lieutenant colonel and colo tid nel and during the next fifteen pars ears performed various duties in the west including that hint or of acting inspector general for the utah expedition comm commanded aDded by the other oilier johnston albert sidney led finally to liis ills commission of quartermaster general of the united states army johnston resigned from the army abell virginia seceded ceded be was commissioned a major general of 0 volunteers by virginia and with robert robe rt E lee organized lit HIP soldiers who ibo poured into richmond to defend the capital of the state next lie was appointed commander of tile the army of tile the shenandoah and led it to the of aid of general Beati I 1 regard when NIe mcpowell Dowell attacked on july 21 at bianas lianas sas johnston outranked out ranked I 1 beauregard eau regard and took command so that lie Is credited with the hie victory tit at cull bull run the next month lie was appointed one of ohp live five full generals authorized hy by the confederate congress among them albert sidney johnston johneton but was placed fourth on oil the list johnston protested against this hince lie he felt that liis ills high rank in tile alie united states army when ihen lie resigned should haie jae placed liim him first on nit the liht and in this lie he was justified by a pre loni congressional net act this protest Is said to have hae been tile the beginning and cause of the hostility towards him shown by president Jefre jefferson davis throughout tile war viar the quarrel the two men according to lo allen alien tate ineis recent biography of davis was to outlast tile confederacy and lime hae a paralyzing influence upon its career after the cattle of seven pines illies in tit at which johnton Jolin tori was seriously wounded davis replaced liim him in command of the alie confederate forces in the east with gen robert K H lee and the eclipse of joseph E johnston as an outstanding military leader began the next lear lie was scot bent to take command of tile the deportment of the west johni foll ton StOll was one of the three or four best soldiers in tile the south writes tute tate but lie tended to avoid assuming responsibility lie was touchy and quarrelsome till and III liis instinctive dislike of offensive warfare hall enough undermined the presidents confidence in ili jilin cince ills his retreat up the peninsula before in in the spring in the hie end davis lack inch of confidence may have been sheer dislike johnston hit anid not handled handle him lit in liis ills rancorous lot lei ulab ith lid kid gloves po fo when ilea johns ton ent west its ills instructions were ere a little vague both dals bals mid and johnston have theft theia ardent partisans in the lih ill dis pule between the tuo to find and it seems impossible to artle arrhe at any ally conclusion Is as to alio was most to blame rut but the net result aas la 3 disaster asas ler in the west chib further weakened the lost cause anil and contributed it its share hare i to tile the downfall of tile ton con it fell to ills his lot to play a lending leading role in ili tile the last military seem of the great tragedy bich befell tin the american people between und and jut just its as lif lie had been in command at the first mid w of the war so nas he lit in command lien hen tin the last Imp important armed forces of file confederacy laid hold down doin their arms ou u april 20 26 i johnton john ton surrendered his arms arin to general sherman Slit fiman on ill the same terni terms under ishler lee had biad sur rendered to grant after the war Jo buston nas its prest dent of a railroad in arkansas dent of if oil ill company of if vir ginta ginia and agent for various insurance companies in 1877 lie he was as elected to congress from virginia slid and ten tell bears later lie he was appointed united states comal aloner of THIl railroads rOads liy by ll 11 1 dent cleveland ile he ded in in 1801 4 Q by union |