Show PRESIDENT ON irrigation theodore roosevelt strongly urges national aid to transform the desert republicanism FATHER OF homesteads grand old bartys record as a home builder extent of the and arld regions and their enormous top possibilities from fix it I 1 frill the I 1 roan party ahas the parr at of I 1 omeo tead fol for the people it lien has enacted at aid 1 enforce enforced the laws each a lull male oft az afu tk ef it lle the d tates states to etab liI sill blat own lumie alid roaf trpe rt lit R merely col covit lit 2 wa d I 1 1 I iegan I egan in t care and ori wiit k t out ovis IT tv double d shag avit h target us u irpel the birth right of the the party ol 01 f freedom and juza to agan to look into tie q lectia i of 1 I irrigation nealion ir it proposed to flank the subtle g of land onon opol il and to i 1 radically create a new leaven keaven an I 1 a i en e bartl for tl if e I 1 ionic in I 1 11 pon wl ich tell rests the curr cu trw tr w r mone too of the i pubic untie uncle sam ouid the whole nd rid re gloat lull an I 1 he onn conod d the supply w he ile decide decided to 1 ring fring tie tl e mater w ater to the cf in land aid and I 1 ty y tl ie lit union to make pox pon tuble a s bounty for the pres at rat and future lie ile profits by ex experience prience so 40 he declied to fix tip up thie this ne v li lot d business 1 in such a 1 way that it could never again stall cry good citizen hip by bf robbing it of ite own orlain of national act jn JAI lec L cot las ing with the wil es of a re pill cu a coil con erwa greas passed R ian la june 17 iwa au an ng tie tl e government to enter up n this thin work vork of reclaiming and america thi this law restrict restricts ile ll 11 e amount of such land and to be owned bl by any one I 1 AM to IW aan a and requires a continuous res lence of fire rears on the bime to acquire title such occupant occupants will refund fund to the government in a number of equal annual the actual cost of bringing water to the land ruch 11 entries tana ot be comm itel un anler ter tl tt e c act approved jane june IT 17 10 wl ich tell la Is properly it tte e bee beg boing of tt tie e I 1 resent government I 1 acts anal on ice tee an endless hair halt ol 01 annd nas uns provided froTH led by the receipts from the sale f nud and disposal of the I 1 ubi c land lauds in tie tl it i tyco states ani ant athrea territories cries cf of tl tie e arid ruslon rc thee states are calibo u alt colorado idahlia mo itani nebraska Se brak evada nevada N north orth dak tn ta orgita south dakota utah IN ashing tAn and wyoming Wio mint ter rito ettor rieti lem arizona sew new and oklahoma Ok laloma oma thi tilt f fun tin I 1 at present hover hovers near the mark the art oril region i of the united states avis a gine s rally designated include satt two atmo fifth fifths of its ll 11 entire area extending ext endine coir about tle middle of the continent westerly racel wt sterly erly nearly to lie tie pacific coast and reaching from mexico to canada there are no marrily nar ply rily marled marked line lines or division divisions betseen tie arid and the humid area areas but U d ere lit especially near the center of the united atte a broad inter mediate tate blit lt nettler distinctly and nor distinctly distin 11 etly humid which Is t called the tub humid or emi semi arid r reyon von hi licit belt extends over north dakota bonith da aota lota western nebraska braka Ne and avail gestern adaill Al aill into oklahoma and the iau pau annille of texas a what la to befall hone done 1 T nee lie the pe tange of the reclamation aft act the government bits hi had a large arpa corps of engineers eng an ani assistants stant ex atin ta mining tle lie arid region and studying tta alls streams and water supply ui ply carefully imperial t investigations have hare been made int t the following ins place and at ome some of tient tl en mammoth irrigation projects are now under may ay milk kiver river project la in montana ll 11 including the investigation of tl a proposed dam sites at st SL mary lakes ill lit wyoming Wy omin examinations have been made of the poa pos sibil ties of storing waters in the B ahorn mountains Moun taina for use alone along their eastern slopes and at tine the proposed dam bite site for the sweet water waiter reservoir on the river of tl ti at marne a tributary of the north I 1 latte to u colorado in to the vicin ty of sn ter ri ii it A worl work liaa him been done in connection with ith tie plan to utilize tie fawnee I 1 awnee 1 reservoir site for irrigating caad laad on a the bortl bank of south I 1 latte riv illy ac c survey have alo also been made tor for diverting livert lne the water waters of the gunnison river through a tunnel into tie tl un comp aligre valley for irrigation the araud river project involving the use u of the matera of the grand river on the pillion belat of grand junction in colorado and utah hae has also been the abject of surveys and examinations la in nerada tie barsou basin hag has been exam lied ith a view to utilizing the oe f rivers and exam I 1 ving jn the storage possibilities of lake tel tal oo 00 ind and othi I 1 Is baleo les in tl if e ti 8 erra ne vada tada a bv have also been guaida IB to the valley of uie the walker illy or r nevadia in arizoca add and colorado an a examination of f tile the colorado river from froin the needles to yuma hae has been in stiza tor for the tudy study of plan plans tor for the th of the tle low lauds al of DK tig both addes of the th river ahe trac practical if 11 ty at storing mae flood water f salt I 1 iver hail bag also been invent sated anted tere 61 a ing daany ely oil otier er justa 1 u I 1 the sw 1 alit at least ono third I 1 ihu abu larval rw of stiv hulter bute of laid i ayt our a vf of Is I 1 ilife it ile laiad ou one vl vf tha steel lent kuinz As q IH ten lion the vc pw L ll 11 Is i f tl tj Is I 1 colin uy try is jilt 1 1 f alis vat vast area saucil 1 luab of ti almi A aich ian ix a ruji rath klo ull alia uw ua un lr dor kooi tood koo i 1 be cabalu of f sus f X a uric largo that tt are izi 1 it the total too 40 ial a clr ur aply ill ply 41 f it alo e arit ari I 1 IX ft y run an to arnat 00 9 arat virti reir imms 1 4 v cunit conal tt u oa I 1 I 1 to 1 til am ot ard art lr ln fight it I 1 i death to I 1 fe say ay within ten ton rears years could evis IT ly be bc inside to sartain a arx K i aviation equal to tl it a a of tl a united batee at ent sent tl TI e present I 1 resident an I 1 the next president Pren dent of the united batea theodore KooK evelt ie allen I 1 of h a genera I 1 tiou lion on this as on many other sub subjects jetti of iati i rational onal importance ilia prescient villon virlon of the great desti ly of the republic it ia pregnant pie gnant nith c achievement f r this future garden spat of the w u orld here I 1 e seea seen the old miracle of chancing changing water nater into vine nine done over and over again not ot only this lie ile eie sees ei e as a result of api opt lying tie tl e living stream to tl if e parched earth myriad forma forms of agricultural and horticultural I 1 products iro rod ducts nets n which inch shall meet tl if e necessities and satisfy tip tl e I 1 tart lastes of mil anal lions yet unborn this end and more will the precious water waters accomplish as a vey tl ey go from their great natural r reservoirs I 1 agh op up the mountain mountains and from the artificial forced impounding prisons to lower er down the mountain bide aides ou on the r journey of fructification laughing to the sea I 1 resident eident re a alles mckeese same to congress Con cre indeed the efforts of those interested in tie tl e west eat may be said to bare have found a fitting in the first message of I 1 resident roosevelt Roos evol in december 1901 the portions port loue of this menage message alich wl ich relate to urination hare peculiar interest in connection with ohp th rec lania tion lion law since th the latter Is somewhat general and the corking out of details is left large largely to executive action in com coos dering the po ble application of llie the law light may be thrown upon the future by mel weighing giving carefully the iu of the chief executive which are as follow follows the forest forests are natural reservoirs reSer by restraining the th streams in flood and replenishing them in drought they make po possible the nse rise of balers naters oth otherwise othern ernise iee wasted they prevent the soil from uti tilling shing and so protect tl 11 a storage reser rears from filing fill og up nith w ith silt purest conservation is therefore an essential condition of water conservation il the kresta alone cannot however fully regulate and conserve the w waters aters of the ar or at region great storage works are neer sary to equal ze the flow now of rt aud to are save the flood water tt TI air construction has been conclusively sho she i a it to iman undertaking king too tast vast for pival p ival effort nor or can it be best bet avely conill shed tie states sta test act rat ing alone far par reaching interstate problem problems are involved and the resources of ingle single states vi would often be title it ia is properly a national function at least in some of its it features it is as 88 ngit for the national government to esthe it and rivers of tl it e arid rid region useful by engineering works for vater storage as to make useful the riv ers and harbors of the humid region I 1 y engine erla g not Ls of another kind the storing of the floods in reservoirs at the I 1 aters of our rivers I 1 is but an en lar argement gement of our present policy of river control under 1 wl I ich fell levees are built on the lower reaches of the same some streams duty of conr government tl il e bould construct and ad these reiter reter oira a as it 11 does other public works work t where their pur pose is in to regulate the flow of streams le tie w vinter ater ri should viila be turned freely into tit tl 10 aunela in the dry season to take the same cot boire coire arse under the same laws as the natural how flow the reel iT nation of the unsettled and arid public land lauds presents 1 I d detrent problem lem here it its I 1 cot net enough to regulate the flow of streams the object of the is to alli of the land to settlers who will bu 11 homes upon it to accomplish thin this object water mater must be brought methin their each tt TI 11 r audr settlers sett lere on the and pub tie domain close their homes along streams frota which they could themselves divert the water vister to reclaim their holdia holding such opportunities are practically goue gone there remain however boweter rast vast areas of public land which can eon tie be made available aral lable for homestead settlement but only by reservoir reservoirs and main line canal impracticable for private en ter prise theae these irrigation work works nl bold be liula by tie national government the lands lauds reclaimed by thern them should be reserved by b the government for actual liitt lem lerit evil an I 1 the cot coot of construction sl at so far as possible po seible be regail by the land the distribution of ti tie at unter ater the division div of the stream streams among irn gators be left to the ettler settlers themselves ia in conformity with state lavis la and without interference with time w As or with tested vented right rights the policy of the rational national Govern government should be to aid irrigation in the sev pro oral states and territories in such ach man vier its a aill u ill enable tie tl e people la in the loal local cal to help themselves vea and as hill mill tini needed reform reforms in the ate laws at i I 1 regulations governing lr ir ngtai at will I 1 arich bhole hole nation attain 4 the reclamation ami and settlement ett lement of tl ti art aril laud lauds all 11 eurith enrich every portion of 0 fair ir country lut just as the Wt settlement lement of f the ohio ani valleys trough proof erity to the states il 1 e r increased demand for ari leles will stimulate lu in du production while wider nider I 1 ome i larket and th the trade of asia w will ill con coil ume tl 11 a larger fool Illes lie and ef of ft feLa jally ally euva it W stern competition etli lasters agriculture gri culture indeed the I 1 ud wd an ian i ii tk a ct f ta it 0 will be consume I 1 0 lefly iu in I 1 lual if g I 1 cal center centers of al minim fillat ni tit I 1 oil fr industries ivich would 11 t i lit I 1 to exi stano at all 0 ir tr I 1 trurlu tol le ae ad a 1 I ale ill profit ft home nicking ie Is but au an other name for ti e ding din of the no n tic tan at the necessary sary foundation ha bag already two teen la Is d for the inauguration of the cr just ut deserved deser bi bed b I it would be un wise to begin b by doing too much for a great deal will be learned both nr as t what rail can anil said what cannot be he safely attempted by the early which must ot of city be partly ex t la in chartener cha char teter at the very beginning the government make clear beyond shadow of doubt its in trofion to pl pursue Argile thi this poll POIL Y on line lines of he the broadest public interest no res enrol ervol or canal should ever be built to atista satisfy selfish personal or local interests but only in accordance with the advice adylee 0 of trained experts after long has ha shown the locality where all the conditions combine tu to male the work roost most needed and fraught nith ith the greatest usefulness to the corn com munty as a a whole there hould should be no extravagance aa ant the believers he lierer in the need of irr gallon gotten will wall most benefit their bauge by seeing to it hat list it i a free from he the least taint ol 01 or rec reeL Lles leis expenditure if the c moneys N ork ark with settlers V X banever the nation loen teen for tl a extension of irrigation hould should harmon ize a with mith and nd tend to the conidi coadi tion lion of those now living on irrigated and land NA e are not at the starting arting Kt ix p int of ot this development over two hundred million millions ot of private capital has ha already been arta expended in the of irrigation works isaid nd many millions mil liona acres of ard arid land laud recia med A high decree dog of enterer se ant nl ability has been shown la in the itself lut I 1 ut as iauch cannot be aid said in lit refer ce ro to the he lang lians ns ng thereto th na ind and rat al ie of the hon bola en e created depend lindly on the of title titles to water but the majority of these rest on the uncertain foundation of court decisions rendered an ordinary 0 o t at law with a few creditable exceptions except iona the and states have failed to provide tor for tb the I 1 certain and jast diris one ons of streams in times of scarcity lax and uncertain lawa laws hare have made it voss ble his to establish rights to water in to excess of me or necessities and many streams here 01 1 I ready passed into private ownership or a control equivalent fo to ownership use the only right to water Nh whoever oever control controls a tream stream practically control controls the land it re allers prodie tire out an tat tao doctrine of private owner chip of water apart froni from land cannot pre prevail 11 without causing in during wrong the recognition of 0 a mch ich ownership which has las been permitted to grow up tip in the arid and 11 give way to a more enlightened and larger recognition of ot the rights of the public in the control and disposal of the public water supplies laws aws founded upon condition conditions obtain ing ng in humid regions where water la in loo abundant to 1 ralty hoarding it have no proper appl icat on in a dry eon country in tie tl e and arld state states the only right to water which hould should be recognized is I 1 that of use ilse in irrigation thie this right should attach to the land reclaimed and be in reparable separable granting grouting ual not nater ater right |