Show J L ITT i it i J r 1 i ali i I 1 j iiii 1111 I 1 r r COST OF H A G AND STORING ICE 0 W J an lea ice plow with guide gauge prepared by tho ho united states department of agriculture andor certain conditions natural ice may bo be cut by the farmer at a price as low as ope one cent for a cako cake of pounds making the ice cost coat exclusive of hauling and packing 9 cents a ton abo usual price however it has been found by tho the dairy divi division siou of the united states department of a gricus turo averages avor agoa about 2 cents a cake or IS 18 cents titon in somo some instances instance a the original cost of tho the ice and the packing amount to 2 a ton but in those these cases the storage houses wore at long distances from tho the pond one cubic toot foot of solid lea ice weighs about 67 pounds considering this weight as tho the standard and allowing for packing one ton of ice will occupy approximately 40 cubic feet the following table shows the number of cakes ot of various required per ton of 0 lee size of at cake 22 by 22 incho R number of cutting space apace thickness WhIck ness cakes required required of ice fee per ton per ton square feet 4 1054 a 8 8 1 io 10 12 51 1 14 89 71 16 7 78 IS 18 69 20 63 23 22 67 lu in compiling the foregoing table square cakes 22 by 22 inches were used merely because the investigators found that the majority of farmers were storing cakes of that size farmers who have a comparatively small quantity of ice to harvest will find that they need for equipment only two saws caws two ice tongs two ice hooks and a pointed bar many farmers have fou found udit it very profitable to cooperate with three or tour four neighbors small ice plow with capacity of twenty to forty tons an hour in filling their icehouses Ice Ico houses in such in stances each individual may use his own tools or the complete outfit may belong to A a operative cooperative co association in marking the ice a long plank may be used as a straightedge or it may be used to guide the handsaw the advisability of cutting square or oblong cakes must be decided hy by the harvester after the ice fee cakes are broken apart an rt two men with ice tongs tonga can pull with little difficulty acate of ice from the water and load it on a wagon or sled it desired a slide and a table platform may be used and a horse employed fur for drawing the cakes from the water on to the platform from which they ruay may bo be easily loaded defore before building nn an icehouse of any kind the quantity of ice to bo be stored should be determined the quantity quan LitY needed tor for cooling purposes no necessarily cessar will vary according to the local conditions and cannot bo be definitely stated in all cases though it may be calculated approximately after studying the conditions on a large number of farms and obtaining figures regarding the amount of at ico ice used for cooling coolin 9 and keeping milk and cream in a V wooden icehouse insulated with sawdust or mill baill shavings s sweet condition tor for from one to tour four days daye the following facts were established 1 ice water tanks were in general use for cooling milk and cream 2 the quantity ot at milk or cream cooled in this manner varied in individual cases from 21 pounds to pounds a day 3 the temperature of the milk and cream hold in such tanks averaged about 10 40 degrees F 4 in each case a cake of ice was to loina ind floating in the water this showed that there was a constant supply of ice in the tank 6 5 A total of pounds of cream required approximately pounds of ice dally daily or an average of pounds of lee ice per pound of cream to cool and hold until delivered these figures were wera obtained from actual conditions and covered a period of six weeks in which the temperature outdoors varied from 50 to degrees F owing to the different condIt conditions Lons under which ice is handled tho the location of tho the bulli buildings lings in reference ref orenco to protection and the quantity of leu ice packed it to Is not surprising to note a large variation in shrinkage in an examination of more than farmers icehouses houses ice ico tho the shrinkage was waa found to vary from 20 to 50 per cent with an average of 27 per cent |