Show New Trends In Job Creation I Uy nv GEORGE GEDROE HAGEDORN Current trends In employ employment t i ment as analyzed In Secretary lof of Labor tabor Wim's Wims recent Manpower Man Man- power Report are encouraging in several respects The rate o or of job job creation accelerated quite quit dramatically In 1963 and 1964 I I AND PERHAPS even more mor significant the distribution o of new jobs as among industries occupations and geographical regions has become more evenly even even- evenly ly Iy balanced than in the period prior to 1963 During the half half- half decade decade from 1957 to 1962 1961 we experienced i a period of or economic sluggish ness Employment in non nonagricultural non non-agri agri agricultural cultural Industries increased a aan at atan atan an average rate of only about abou a year Since agricultural agricultural tural employment was declining declinIng Ing by about annually I there was WitS not much left to prop provide pro I vide a net Increase in jobs for forthe forthe the growing labor force I IN 1963 the annual rate of new job creation In the non nonagricultural non non-ag ag agricultural sector stepped up to and in 1964 to over Farm jobs continued to o disappear at about the same rate as before but now there was a respectable net overall over gain A slow but gratifying reduction ion tion in the unemployment rate has las occurred during the past two wo years WHEN WilEN ONE looks beyond these hese summary figures there has las been a striking change in inthe inthe the he composition of the new job opportunities In to the period of 1957 to 1962 there was an in actual decline of about jobs a year in the goods producing industries manufacturing manu manu- mining and con can traction I All AU the new jobs were created cre cre created in the service producing category including gove gave r n n n- ment Almost half halt of the 00 annual net gain in non farm employment occurred in government government gov mainly the state and nd local governments BUT OUT DURI DURING G the past two years ears the producing goods industries industries in in- have again become large arge contributors to t the h e growth In employment In 1964 the le net increase in jobs in these lese industries amounted to Government employment employment employment employ employ- ment has continued to expand but iut it now accounts for only about bout one fifth instead of one- one half alf of the increase in jobs The reversal of trend has been een most impressive in manufacturing man- man Between 1957 and 1962 there was an actual decline deline de de- cline line in employment empl in manufacturing manu manu- as compared with an an Increase of jobs in 1964 I FURTHERMORE the the new job ob opportunities are being spread more evenly over the country than w was s the case in inic inthe inthe the ic five years prior to 1962 The he Pacific and Mountain re- re regions re re- glons gions ions which in the earlier per iod od were developing job opportunities op opo faster taster than any other other oth oth- oth er section are now growing about in line with the general average The Central a and n d Southern states have stepped up their employment growth rates The decline in collar blue-collar employment enjoyment em em- was arrested and dramatically reversed in 1964 collar blue-collar increased in In that year jobs creased by over ONLY TIME will tell teU whether er r these developments in 1964 1954 will ill turn out to have been the beginning of new and continuing contin- contin ng trends But we may have to o examine re-examine the belief which became prevalent a couple of years ago that collar blue-collar employment employment em em- must inevitably decline decline de de- cline and new job opportunities will all aU be in the service indus tries |