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Show i Ifiomas SelTerfcSumbollc Devices! Prof Dernard1Ck3Rah) 4 &?zJwT7 ,ll'ar " K'ii'rn't,,n t ti Jl nunivf ruftry uf Thonm Hill V' Al,rM 3 -will rrt'fiv I ihroiinl uut tin nntlnn. I ivVJ grvnt Aiiirrlrnn't fiHtl ! Cny In inTiilhirly m- j prnpriiiTo ixm to (mint out Inrlilniti In I tiin rmrvcr which Imve Im-hIi 1'iinwil j over tf thi MFUTtiitin, but rp tintie j the Iif frmiRht with drop IntiTi-tt to I the ml lulu of thnvo who l"k upon 1 htm At one of thr mnt ciniuiiiunltin ; fKurii in the rutik of tho lltirrntori who iia.tlrlimtu.. In th ntrunKlo 1 Kitlimt Hrltlih upremnry. I 1hre r roiitlnunlly trniiK atid unmiiunon ltmt rvlntlim to JcffHr-I JcffHr-I on'i rurocr roinltiK to l lit snrfiir. nnd whnt an author fifty yenn t'AMt anlilo hi untni port nut find not I worthy of ptititlrullnti, the rrMirrhrr j of toilny In npt to prntiniiuce wi'h nme mMlttofiH lo hlnKr.iplili nl knowUdco. J Home of the curly nrrlpln nf Jcffcrnon, now In the pnnKPr-Klon of Mlrnt Huruh ' N. Itatntnlpli - fcn'dt Krnnild.iMChirr nf the fainoiii Vlrttlnlnn were hntlly e HHilm-il by William Turiu, who wmta a life nf .l'ffTMn, nnd nun h of the ' niatrrtiil thrri'ln onnlulniMl wn not roiiHldtrrd nvnlhihle for his purpow. AmonK th'in documentn nro now dli-! dli-! rovercd t rtuln Itdim dlncnrdrd by ' th dlfitliiKiilihfd tiloKriipher, but wlilch neverthilefn prord of much , Imporiimi f In ri rlphrrlim n very en-, en-, oiiMul element In the heruldlc as i well ah rellKlmiM rukk'i Ion nuide by ! JeffiTnon during thu furuiutlvu period ', of our republic. 1 Among theno uretnlnpty unlintvnrtnnt i note nnd memnrniidii niipi um evl- deiu-ft to ho elT.M t that In 1774. two I yean before Jefferson wrote the hoelarnthnn of Independent e, he lined ' the term f nih il States of Amerlm." ! the ttrxt tltno (hut sm h prenrut day , d tiotnlimltdti wan Iveii to the ron-, ron-, federa' I UK eolniiten. turther ron ! foimatlou of JefTerMtr deep foie-1 foie-1 Hlhl In fcMiml In i tit fame remnl. or semi diary, nf 1774. where the follow-i follow-i liiK n niai k.ihle entry ocrurn: ' "A proper ilevh o diiMead of nrnin j for the American Suiten I'tilt d, would I , h" the fatlier preMMitliiK tho bundlu ' s of rod to lil i miiis " a Tlim wiih Intended ns neal of the I I'lilti d State and t-lmwn that n early s as the fait or 1774 In HiiuKextlnK this I j rtclgn JefiVrnon believed In separa- I Thomas Jefferson. Hon from the mother country, that he hoped for a rebellion, nnd had faith In the ald rein Hint, evolving Into a revolution which would rem u It In tho rif-retHliy for h national ttlKtiature or heal lto not only destined the etn lilcniiitlc or y mitotic part, t)iit aIho nupplhtl n motto wtilch lllcwlne appear ap-pear amoiiK the vlray note of 1774, (Oih-hed In the following words: "Kor a uioito (on nehn for Arnerl-rnn Arnerl-rnn Slnt" t'nludt: 'lnupcrablles lni punihllcu' " ("tojiether hh aro In-fepjir..lile"t In-fepjir..lile"t n n ninwer nlvin In tho Klit'lUli p.irllaineut to thu hou.-o of ! Jeneraon'i r'lrst Design. Inrda and rmuniiinA. lie rltfa parlla mi'iitary rutin as ri'fiiri'iire lo the time hen I he vIhiiiIh on-nrri il whlrh broiiKht furl h the reply. Jnfriirion'a Idea uf riiiniarlnu Ilu. Ihlrta-fn col-nnlra col-nnlra tn the 13 roda with whlrh an ranii-n fiit her aniiKht to linpreaa Ida umii with the principle thai "In union tl. ro Ik iimii;iIi." or the prerept that "I'lilU'il we aland, divide il we fall," taki-n friilll hla t-opy nf Aennp'a Kiitilia The enit dctalla of thll an rfi'iit ntnry which appealed ao em-pi em-pi an, ii il y to .li ffi raon are ua fnllowa: "A I 'er had a family of sons who wr-c lorpetuatly quarrellnit amuiiK lluinaelvea When he failed lo heal i Jefferson's Second Oe Jefteraon'a Third Dealfi. I their dlapulea by hie exhnrtntlona. b I deierinlneil tn tilvo them a prai llim llliiatriitliui of ihe evil, uf tllaunlill r'or llila piirpom ho mm day toll them tn hrlim him a liundle of atli k) nnd when lliry had dune ao. plaeed tb fiiKKut In 1 ho handa nf rnrh of thoD III aurriiaKlull, nrderlliK them to hreai It tn plerea They each tried Willi ' their sireuath. nnd falli'd. Ilu mor uiirliisiil luiitlnli the luKuut unit tivnl the atlek aeparalely. (Hid ly Olio fc analn put them Into their hand. ns then they lirnke them eatilly Hi then aililrenaed them In thee wnrdi "'.My anna. If joii nre of one inltX and unite tn axnlut eiuh other, yse j will bo aa thla rnttmrt, uninjured by nil the attetnpta of your etw nilea; but If yon are divide einone; youraulvea, ynu wk be broken aajtaallyr t iI'lIi atlrka.' " In the forexuliK eiimtna w-e have the JefferaonLii Idea eapreaaed aa It woild relate Itxcir to the unluu of the thirteen colon lee. It; waa direct, convincing ind lofllral, aa ahnwn In aomeof; the prearot atnto urale. I Two yeara Inter than tie date of the entry referred to, July 4. 177(1. we see JefTir-eon, JefTir-eon, Franklin nnd Adams afr pulnted a cotuinltteu to d viae a m ul for the ynunit re public. Ilia rouuitnltieemea like liliiiru If, were known be thoroiiiihly liilnrnied oe hernldlc iiiiuiern, nnd It wu imtiirul that the Continental Cunnroa uould select people of ihelr culturo and Icarnlm for tho perfonnaiiie of suck nil liuinrlnnl tank. Memo on Hie enino day that tho IK-clamtlon of liidependenee waa laauvd, July 4. ironjJ inlltei. to devise a aenl wan created U'hllo prenent day Anierlennn have I always been Infornied by writers, hls-l torlauH unit orators of tho Intense! heat of that aunpleloua Fourth of July, nnd that because: of the iilinnit unlKuirnlilo iitmnspher nf thu sultry weather prevalllnit the ilclic.ilin us-aemhled. us-aemhled. bnMtly ilebiteil nnd ipilikly aluneil tho rolonlnl MiiKna Charter Ij outer to (et out of tho rnnnres lonnl hall, the facta are Unit ihn day ai uiiiiMiiilly pleasant nnd eharncii rimlc of a most imrerahlo aiinimer cllmnia Thla slateuienl. Involvlnij aa It tnn a eorrecllon of hitherto acceiited lila-torlral lila-torlral ninlerlal, rente on Ihu author Ity of an entry found annum Jefler-eon'a Jefler-eon'a alray notee, an enlry never until now Riven printed, publicity Innuro erablo wrllera have drawn hlchly colored col-ored word pictures of the iln iidfiil and Htllllim weather conditions exlstliia on that memorable day, but we siiliuilt that fur more reliance la tn be placed on the evidence penned by a dlstln KUlshed nnd careful observer who was present on the ocrnslon In the role of an active and honorable deleunie Among tho Jeffersonlnn script Is a sheet U-urliiK tho following notations: degrees. July 4th 6 A m r,s July 4th 9 a. M 7L"4 July 4th ! p. M 7(1 July 4tb 0 l. M 7J4 Wo are thus Informed that at the time or tho pannage ol the Declaration Declara-tion of Indeix-ndence. on (lie early afternoon aft-ernoon of July 4. 1776. the temperature, tempera-ture, according lo Jefferson's recorl. waa 76 degreea a striking coincidence coinci-dence In the year of thn century and the number of bent degrees, hoih represented rep-resented by tho numerals. 76. Naturally Natur-ally tho question arises aa to how Jef-feraon Jef-feraon tarns lo make thla eiact observation ob-servation regardlug the weather con-I The Committee on Emblems. Slavery of Israelltee. 'Ililuna of Hint famous dav; also what mlchi have been his met hod or ap illiinr.i in I llr, .1 for n gluerlng the heat nf Ihn ntmipliere Here again the supposedly valu' less iloi umelits furnish corrohnrallve evidence of Jefferson's Jef-ferson's ability lo obtain Hi" dclrcd Informatlo i. on July 4. 1 7 Til. Jeffcr-in Jeffcr-in called on Mr. Hparbawk lo settle li an mint, and this entry appears among his papers an witness of n certain cer-tain purchao and pimucnl: "July 4. 177H Paid Kpnthuwk for a thermometer, 3. IV Paid for 7 pr. Iprohahly pair) women's gloves, 27. Gave to charity I Ii." The foregoing entry removes all toulit an to Jt fferson'a ability to dn-Urmlno dn-Urmlno accurately Ihe 7H degrees of keat on the noon or July 4th, and ue nhllnhea tho fact that It was a calm jilullghUulljf tempered aummor'a f Further aearch among Jefferson's papers hrlnga to light tho correct name of tho tlermnn family which furnished fur-nished him whh room and board at tho time when he wrote the Declaration Declara-tion and devised a number nf denlgna for a aeal of the young republic, ono entry rending: "I'd. Mrs. (iraaf ono week's lodging, S5." ! On the (Ith day of July. 1776. the committee on aeal met nt the Invern of tho lindon Coffee House, and while the report formulated on thai occa slnn contains much of general Interest, Inter-est, It Is only ticcceiuiry to consider In this connection the Items In which the 'hand nf JelTeraon In seen He was inailo rhnlrmnn nf the committee, nnd It was he who addressed enngresa nn Iho subject While JefTerson's device was not accepted by Ihe committee. ,ho nanlated In creating a conjoint de vice in which the pleas or I ir. r rnnK- 1 lln. himself and a French artist nnmed Du Hlmlller wei i blended In Iho report to congress In Ihe fall of 1776 Jefferson prt-sented Hie douhle-slded douhle-slded Idea nf a seal nn thn obverse, or front, of which the following appeared: appear-ed: "A shield divided Into sll fli Id upon which wero emblems of th lendlio; Kuroiienn nnllon; iihnv the shti-ll the eyo of Providence; the shield wn supimrtcd on Ihe right side by the goddess nf Liberty, on n stafT she bld a Phrygian enp: on the left side of the shield the goddess of Justice held forth the amies of Justice In the Icfi. and a aword In thn right hnnd. Around tho entire device Ihe thirteen shield i of tho colonies npiearod. with their Initials blaroned upon them" On the back, or reverse, of the proposed seal the Franklin Idea was displayed aa follows: "legend round tho whole achievement, achieve-ment, 'Eenl of the I'nlted Htatea of America. M DCCI.XX VI.' "(In the other aide of the said (treat Bcal ahould he tho following device: "Pbarnnh sitting In nn open chariot, a crown on hie head, nnd a aword In Ills right hand, passing through Hie divided waters nf the l(ed Hen, in pur suit of the Israelites. Hays from a pillar of lire In the cloud, expressive of tho divine presence nnd command, beaming on Mosea. who Miami on tho shore, and extending his hand over tho aea. causea It to overthrow Phar aoh. "Motto. 'Itebelllon to Tyrants le Obedience lo (tod '" Hut congress rejected the device and report, dismissed the committee, nnd apiKilnted a new one Yet .lef ferson's keen Interest In the heraldic creation nf n aymhollc seal did not wane. He kept In touch with several future committees and submitted two other Important designs, both of which throw new light on the religious and I 1 Iiillllial lis ii I lies of the author When submitting thu sketch of a prnioned seal ho addressed the coin mil 1 1 aa follows: "An I have nlrcndy obnerved. Dr Franklin's and mv thoughta, by some unexplalnabte coliiiiili-ucn are very similar, tiiiiHmuch ihm we hnvn both sought to s-mlHill;e l.llicrlv; nnd furthermore aa a typical Illustration of the eltmlnallon of slavery, chose Hie children of Israel In representing those King ridden opto. II Is my prl inary ileslre lo Indicate on our soul Unit Ihe niu cesn of Ihn Hebrews was due. not an much to their skill and Rontons In battle, but principally to Ihn fact that they were (iod fearing, nnd confided In the Almighty, who, though Invisible, waa present In Hie 'pillar' and 'cloud' which led them I proiniso tat tho seal ountaln ao ohversn and reverse aide; on tho for mer Iho Children of Israel, led by s 'cloud' by day and a 'pillar of fire' by night, nn the Intter llenglst and Itnrsa thn Hinon chiefs, from whom wo claim Ihe honor of being deaeended, and government wo are now about to assume" as-sume" Thn history nf llenglst and llorsa la one of grent Interest, and anyone thoroughly absorbed In the story of thn seal can not afford to mlsa It. Jefferson behoved Hint Indirectly wo Inherited from these bold (iermans our form of government. The history of Kn Klo ml begins shortly before tho Christian era ir,fi Ft ('.). when ('scaur first landed nnd nimnon-d nn mi-clvlllrcd mi-clvlllrcd rare known aa Ihe ftrttnna. The Humane almut thn third century had effii led marked changes In tho Island nnd had established the Chris. Han religion, and Introduced Unman law-s and rules, hut tho Hrllnna, a harbarnua race, ao Incessantly attack oil t Ik-mi. Hint Into In the lifih century they abandoned Fnglnnd. Ileiiglnt iiiiiI llorsii wero tho lenders of the Hnxotis, or Ccrmiina, who disputed dis-puted Ihe ov, lie. ship of the llrlllsh soil and dually ennipiored Ihe country. They were defeated In throo battles, Hon a being slain In action at Fugles-ford Fugles-ford I4.V.I. Ileiiglnt Immediately look possession or Kent nnd nearly tho entire southern, half of F.liKlnnd Ho oatalillnlied his court ut Canterbury, and tho laws wlilch lie enforced wero In good taste Willi gnverninentn of that early period Ho reigned nhnut 30 yearn, and bild Ihe foundation of that (.rent Fnglnnd which tins occupied occu-pied ro large a epuco In Iho history of the world. Jefferson was eomowhat nettled over the disfavor shown his designs by the critics of tho Continental Con-gross, Con-gross, and betrayed bis annoyance when he wrote: "If Ihe Continental Congress will not accept Ihe stirring motto. 'Itebelllon 'Ite-belllon to Tyrants Is Obedience lo Hod.' I will employ It In my personal seal " I This resolution waa Immediately carried out, for he had nn engrnver produce a seal with "T J" In script, with Hie classic motto placed about tho border The symbolic designs I evolved by Jefferson were many and 1 rcllcctcd In their virile character tho I powerful Intellect nf this great Arnerl-cnn Arnerl-cnn patriot who will bo so widely remembered re-membered on April 13. |