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Show Jj V v. n :wm . .." -te - I I New York Herald Wireless I Operator a'. Work M iu i'. I tnrght by the loss of the steam- II . i hundred lives were destroyed. UJlcr i hi- ill fated vessel had come into B !!-:! vv ! ri i ' --l - hours follow v, ! I Jn w i . !i i..r: i'km Im en I be p r t fi' t in-iri vessels l j fCe ,i Jo I"- ni ; pilar imagination, possibly everj soul on Ti bo: r I n.-ght i ' In en a - J I 'I lie C irpni lij. 1 II. bill i! .. i 'I ration 4. I boi !i m . r i . v I lie v. in 1- i o 'era tor on rhe C.i 1 dsn f tiii!- s il sinut. aslei p ii: his bunk whei jj I i Ik i I' vi ! ! ; ess 1 1 i i lie In i I Bit bis .. iu bcei ' ; ja ,., h v appeal for iu - n bh 1 KtrawCoii i 1 1 i- i ii : i the ether, Ihe blstorj I of t, ii - f disaster might have been sl Offer i ; j K About wireless cuaiunuilrntiou at sea Where has been lor years the glamour of I ro:ii.ii.i-r. J 'in- o;ic-i-.uor bus beeu tbe I da-ning. - . i-M.iu' In n- of the well Horned laic: the frieud of maritime pil-W pil-W fruns of tin i.igh:. ill" -i1"'1' f daincs I in .Jj.ii I ! ha i. io i m 'I in an I aluio.piiiT- ..! ; ii in;. . I"- I: a" I lei.-a reg i Ii ! a I la- Merlin a :. , -a oil i. ,. I ii I - ' I-"- -1 laui. -1 1. - ! i .' v ' ' and f tiuoved Hi 1 1 . I 1 ; 1 U" Hiuk.it, i. ' tun -..!.!. . . i- 1 bildrcu I m-i- . , I a.' I ic .;. i n n-1- u. 'Now - - - 1 It-Ul an I l!n must be I tiripp .i . I IU'I I-Vl Oil . i I ' I I Mm ii 1 1 ! I u-ii The atteiniou of ilm whole world baa IM b-i-n ujIIv I . ir.l lo a 1 1 jB tLl! pan .in I" jm in tbc future. The authoritative article M by Mr. en.,.-;. , I'-i-.h . Englan Ii I printed iu tlit- Nineteenth Century, a Lou- dun magazine, cou uius the opiuion thai I Wireless will m-w 1 -ui.i.i.U tin: .-ui'ioariw 5 I table but will iati.i t- mijiph.-iik.-i:i its -k ' j B. Where kcirny, uccutaiy U'.I pet-d are j I" dVireii (be cable has the odvantage. 1'be B Virelcts i at jm --.-ia iuu a dOected I aitnjbhern: dixtui l'uu and jirobably gf I la, Lr, ioj matter how far Hie 3 I Plucestts ot aiuiuiUs muj L larned. Mr. J I J- 11 S- hit, iu.- Ne tork fow - I a Luited S'..r.'-.- Weather Bureau, said IE tentiy 1b.1t when siorina occ-m in ilL-J ilL-J j liulf of M 1 - 1. 1 ..i on tbc oi.vau wrlreUjsa W Rpuris of the .ueleorologkal cuuditiou J te , ,J ; . ' BThe government equips fifty American iflHRautls with instruments for recording BBteathcr and i biaius bulletins from these craft by v.-ire 1 1 wbeu au. Ii fepied at all stations that R-hen tbcae il virel, -s 1, 1. 11, -i in, are not obtained l" I 'bore Is a bimin at si-a. I I The dluicuhicfl of tranamitliofi matter IL by Wireless with ,ced and accuracy were (well esempllfied when the names of sur-ivor sur-ivor uf tin' Titanic were being de-spjitched de-spjitched from the steamship ('irpathia Ern with the ddVtincv list of pitMeiigen as a means of checkinc the measagf-a, i the nainei "f will LnoTvn peraona were sy mangled in tranarataoion as to be almost iinrecognliable. Regulation cf Wireless. When a large proportion of the natter is in co le, as is the case with cable messages, mes-sages, the dlfBcnltiea of sending increase Extravagant statements are made from lime to time concernin the great valu-E valu-E win-less as a menus of universal cotn-lUlliCfltion. cotn-lUlliCfltion. So far the indications are lal its usef ulncss will be restricted to iiiiiiMinleatinf; tn-i wi--n vi-sseU at sea or rom rcaaela n the ah'ore In ihi sphere 1 veems to have plenty fo do. Its missiou 1- a ineaua of sarlng life in lime of dan-;er dan-;er and distress, of bringing quick aid IVCC hundreds of miles of water, is OUe !iih. It develops from oflicial tesli-noiiy, tesli-noiiy, has twen interfered with by the ending of commercial tneasages. The regulation of wireless by the nations will probably result In imposing aucb restiic-tiona restiic-tiona lhal its greatest advantage will not lie liullilied by iuipoiu upon it a service j Tor w liih ii i- not Utlcd in order to ad- I irnncfl the iuterests of monopoly 1 be n'irelesi may. in the opinion of men who have made rapid coniuiunicutlun tits ! (ft I dy of their livec, become an aid lo llie aubmarlne cable and the land telegraph but it will never supplant either one ol these lyitema any niorc lhan the telephone tele-phone bus beep able to supersede llie telegraph, despite ihc extravagaut asset lions to that ffect which were once Mi loudly made. The science of radio-coinuiuuii ati m it-self it-self is iu i t M callow youth, Marconi did lieui tr.-ms.aiii ins mes-asei ilip.m-,b the air until ItSBQ, when he sent them be txeeit atsliona only two mil- apart, Llcinricii Bertg, Cie German physlclsti In 1 lsb set m vibration with his BUScUlaVtol thusa waves of electric Impulse arhlct bear ( bis name Urnnly, of l'aris. devised Ihe hrit director, 0 coherer, in imh.i, and hcj year laicr I'opofl, the BusslSn, gave to! the world the receptor, or rcciiug in-1 strument. Marconi, son of Bn ISnglhafal mother and an ltaliau father, devised till transmitter which is -eujiiive to the Hertzian waves Sir Oliwr Lodge, the British scientist, by means of his yn-j tunic esperiments, made possible the at- tuning Ol the wirelea impulses BJ which .-.juitnnniealion over land and sea now easily effsctsd Other minds WSM working u ibis saane problem as that wbicii sngagsd the inventive in-ventive genius of Marconi. Uiveii an electric elec-tric wave and the im-ann of controlling it. the ingfuuity of inventors evolved different differ-ent applications of the same principle So it is that the world also has the Fesseodm. tM Tele-l-'unken, the De Forest system jund several others Probably uo modem lacisaee has progressed more rapidly than I that of ndfO-COtnmuni Cation and none iotlier has so rapidly eUtatrlpptd the rules and regulations made for the coutroi of messnges. The wireless telegraph bred the im- jaginatiou of boyhood with n single spark. The tlamO Of Marconi was one with which adofosconl fancy conjured. The a- Ipahltns for impa-rtlug impulses lo the 'air was easily and cheaply aconired A two dollar Indsctlou coil, a small staff, a I little wir.- for antennae, owned by a boy I of sixteen or eighteen enable' him to send '"tit atthala of dlkticta from the top of I his father's bouea In New York olty or at ts (' b Conn, wiiich will disturb j shipping for many milei along the Atlantic At-lantic seal-ard. There are thousands of low power sets Tattered through the "Eastern country iu the control of reckless young operators which are a means of I annoyance, if not of menace, lo vessels at gea. Much of this apparatus Is effect jive over short distances only, yet there are budding mvorators the wealth of Whose pare.its permits them to have as I effective a wireless station as that which may be maintained by the regular com-! panics or by the largest oceuu steamship. I Bills for the reformation of wireless' arc OOW before Congress and new rules are l"-ing loiisidc-red by the Win-less Con veutiou in London. Wireless trillcrs are constantly adding confusion worse con-founded con-founded to aerial babel, tine of their favorite fa-vorite diversions is lo converse by wire-lcsa wire-lcsa about their lessons or to discuss the gossip Of School Tlu-y talk of everything from logarithms to marbles. Wbeu they become tired of such prosaic things, they tend Out something like this, "s o s. Have been In collision and am sinking." or "FlfS iu hold; send BrsboaL" They may USS the name of some vessel aetuallv in the neighborhood, or invent oue Operators Oper-ators who an? engaged in legitimate business busi-ness can only request that these young persona keep out. The Boy Wonder Question. j -We won t keep out.' wil8 tbe reply ! heard at a newspaper station the other day from a youthful master of wireless in response to n government mesa i ;e. "Vou are nil Ihe lime breaking iu when we ore sending." This matter of the boy wonder of the wireless must be handled with tact, for fmni the ranks of anion! yet undisciplined undisci-plined enthusiasts come si-ores of the best operators. It is proposed to adopt legislation legis-lation which will peni.il them to practise wireless and yet prevent them from interfering in-terfering with the business of the government, gov-ernment, of wireless telegraph companies and of tbe ?re3nir1ilrrr ISftSt bf all a general license system, Applying lo all stations, is proposed This will include iho-e operated Imtb by ::n itenrs and pro-fesslonnls. pro-fesslonnls. Under the present regulation the government licenses only siteh operators opera-tors as go 10 sea. Ther is no control of those who an- at work on land, or who may operate tbe wireless for their own amusement or instruction. The Dew legislation provides, that nut only all ooerators out oil stations shall be dulv I liceused. Stations which violate the' amenities or transgress such rules aa SVC deemed expedient for the conduct o! the communication or the general safety of mankind would be liable to Is? closed, ori at least Lo hive their activity temporarily temporar-ily suspended. The wave lengths could be regulated s'cas to give certain lengths to the various clashes of stations. It Is proposed to limit that employed by amateurs ama-teurs t three hundred meties, and thut uo station iu proximity lo one operated by the government aball have a set greater' in jKivver than half 8 kilowatt. This ar-Irangement ar-Irangement would give the youug amu-Iteurs amu-Iteurs opportunity lo develop and also ; would keep them out of the ny of professionals, pro-fessionals, who would be permitted 10 cm-ploy cm-ploy greater wave lengths. By special per- mission the amateur might, iu Limes j which are dehniiely preacribed, be per- mined to practise at longer rai ge Such legislation would not check the In-j ttnetion for novices which 1? now in prog-! rcss. ThS fount Men's Christian Association Asso-ciation in its Kwt Sid.. BraUMh, inl N'ew York eity. Is conducting an ad-iniirable ad-iniirable school for the t raining of opera-tars. opera-tars. The win-less companies; have classes vvhere similar lessons are given. When a boy feels thai he must exercise his new found craft iu the wireless house of an ocean steamship be presents himself for examination at the electrical school m the 1 Brooklyn Navy Yard lie takes an examination ex-amination tirst in the theory of wireless and then essays a practical lest in which be must show that e can send at bast lifteen words a minute. In this school he comes iu contact also with recruits in the nary who arc undergoing similar InstTUC j lion. I ml 1 many ambitious boys with a liking for electrical studies have been Impelled to enlist in the navy with the hope of getting employment as wireless Operators An operator before be can receive re-ceive j license must show more than ama-:eur ama-:eur proficiency The navy issues the j licenses and the Department of Com- A Y. M. C. A. Wireless Operating Room, j morce and Labor accepts them and also inspects the apparatus on all vessels which i-oinc and go within these waters. In the case of foreign vessels the license issued by the nation under the llag of which the vessel is registered is accepted accept-ed by the United States government. Many of the old line teleg ra pi rui..rs have passed their examination for wireless wire-less operators. They are specially valuable, valu-able, because years of experience and of discipline have fitted them to cope with great emergencies and to he of value in times of dancer. Tbe average wireless operator, however, has had little of sudi preparation, and most of the operators in control of the sets on ocean steamships are youth of eifjhfseh or twenty years. Tie are alert mentally as a general thing, uud develop rapidly iu their science. The government and tbe International Wireless Convention have before them the problem of encoumging the young operator opera-tor to perfect himself in ?kill and at the same time to keep bis activities well under coutroi. Tbi. bOWtver, is only one phase of the programme whicb i6 before the London ci n vent I on, and there are many other reforms re-forms whicb arc lo be considered. Scv- lltlljp eral are to be suggested by the Americai experts Lieutenant ommander K. W T -Id of tbe United States Navy, and V D. Terrell, who is the inspector of Shi wireless for the Department of Commerce and I.abor at this port. The United .states only recently signed the international interna-tional agreement made six years ago at licrlin, und now au antiquated document iu the light of the progress of. wireless l since that time. Important legislation is also ponding in this country of which thi act to regulate radio-communication has passed the Senate Sen-ate and is now before the House of Representatives. Rep-resentatives. It provides that no person, company or corporation within the jurisdiction juris-diction of tbe UlUted States shall use radio-communication as a means of commercial com-mercial intercourse among the, several States, or of intercourse viih foreign nations na-tions or upon .-iuy vessel of tbe United State encaged in interstate or foreign commerce, except in accordance- with the I license, revokable for cause Lvorv gov ernment station 011 land or sea shall have special call letters designated and pub-listied pub-listied 111 the list- of radio-stations of the j United Stales Any person, company or Corporation ibat shall use or operate any syMem for radio-communication in violation viola-tion of this law sha be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction shall I be punished by a Cue not exceeding $otSX and the apparatus or device so unlawfully I used and operated may be adjudged forfeited for-feited to the l ruled States. Tills proposed law also provides that on every license shall be priuted that the President ,,f tbe I'm 'd Stati-N in lime of war or public peril may cause the closing of any station for radio-communication and the removal of all its apparatus, or may sUtborixc the use and control of the station or pparatOS by any department of the government upon just compensation compensa-tion being paid to the owners. line ol" the greatest evils of tbe present system of wireless communication is interference in-terference For the purpose of minimizing minimiz-ing this and Ic further the prompt receipt of distress signals it is provided In thei proposed law thai private and commercial commer-cial station- shall be subject to special regulations to be enforced by the Secretary Secre-tary cf Commerce and Labor through the ollectors of Customs and other officers of 1 ho government. Wilful or malicious lutt rference is made s misdemeanor, pun- , sha Ide by a line of not exceeding v'A, jt imprisonment for uot exceeding oue year, or both. Any one intercepting messages over a government system shall be subject sub-ject lo a fine of 51.000, or not mon: than three years' imprisonment. The making of false distress call may bo made punishable by a tine of Sl-'.oOU, or impfisohjneifc for not more thau five 'year.s, or bo'Ji, under th; proposed legislation. legis-lation. Wave Lengths. The regulation of wave lengths is receiving re-ceiving thorough consideration on tbe part of the Americau authorities. It is provided pro-vided that every station shall be required lo designate a certain detinue wave length us the normal sending and receiving one of that stati.-u. If it hi uot less lhan six hundred metres it shall exceed sixteen hundred metres. Every coastal station pen to general public service shall at all times b ready to receive messages of; sueb wave lengths as are reiiuinsJ by the Berl'-d Convention. At all stations, if the sending apparatus is of such s character I that the energy is radiated in two or more' wave lengths, more or less sharply defined, ;s indicated by a sensitive wave meter.' tbe energy in no one of the lesser waves; shall exceed ten per cent of that in thei t greatest. For the purpose of sending signals of, distress every statiou on shipboard shall Wireless Room on Board A Steamship, be so adjusted (except on vessels of small ! "image, unnbb- to have plants insuring Iiat wave length) as to permit these -ignals to be sent with a wave length of ipproxiniately three hundred metres. Kvety station on a vessel at sea, accord- 1 ' in- lo the act, wherever practicable, shall 1 be prepare! to send distress signals, in 1 coords Dee witb the international code, with -Htll'-ient power lo enable them to he j received by day over sea a distance of one H hundred nautical miles by a shipboard All stations are no,nired to give abso-lute abso-lute right of way for signals of distress, ill sending on hearing a distress signal, and. except when engaged in an- BWering or aiding the vesel in distress, H ! to refrain from sending until all signals relating to the peril of the distressed vessel ves-sel have been completed. Experiences upon the sea in the last few weeks have shown the need of baring Is wireless operator constantly on duty on board the great steamships. It was only through a lucky fluke that the steam- Pfffl ship Carpal hia was enabled to catch the signal of distress sent out by the steam-ship steam-ship Titanic Five minutes later the "S jO S" might not have been noticed, for tbe operator who caught it was about to turn in ! r th-- night It i probable that he lignal was not heard by other vessels which miKht have been of assistance be-cauM be-cauM the wireless operators wore not on Carry Two Operators. It is now proposed tliat every large ocean steamship shall carry two wireless operators, BO that one may be constantly ' 1 OS watch to note signals of distress and to keep hi loiicli with all that passe;. It in also proposed to regulate the traiuuiis- Mon of commer. ial an-l press messages in H BU h wsy that tlu-y will not interfere H with signals of distress or will not drown H tie- cry for succor which may come from across tbe Intervening leagues of sea. H When a large quantity of commercial work or press matter is being sent by ,aH the long leugth waves II has been sug- H geSted that another operator be on duty H 10 receive any mOSSSgC winch may be coming in wares of shorter lengths The H greatest strain upon the wireless comes H between the hours of ten o'clock at night ,H and midnight, and at this period it is espe- B cially urged that every precaution be used H with regard to distress signuls. H Both by international agreement and by H national legislation those who are inter- OSted in wireless reforms are urging that H the possibility of distress signals being H unheard or unnoticed ou account of the jealousy of operators using rival means H 'of radio-oammunicatioD be eliminated. It H is quite well known that there are con- tant quarrels and dispute at sa between H operators on this account and that often the element of racial prejudice enters relations. H For this reason there ia a strong senti- jH ment in fnvor of increasing tbe renponsi- billty of the wireless operator and hold- H ing him to strict account, as if be were H un officer of a vessel. Tins proposal iH would also provide that operators be di- H vided Into grades aud that they bo so trained that in times of distress or danger they would have a reserve of experience and of discipline upon which to draw. H The control of tin- wireless telegraph H of a nation in lime of war is of tbe bigb- H est importance. For this reason it has H been recommended that the Failed States H government establish on tbe Isthmus of H l'.mama a million dollar wireless equip- J ment, and that all wjrslsss in the Canal J Zone be in the absolute control of the United Stales navy. By means of a high power station it would be pos-ible to have H a 8,000-mH range, which would cause communication with this country and ad its possessions to be easily effected. |