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Show , DAlJlYn'roULTIlY. (HTEnESTINO CHAPTCtl9 FOft oon nunALHEAoens. flow sucrestfiil rriners Operats TliU Ilrps-tlnent of Iho larm A lew lllnla In tlio Cava of Llis Hock od t'ooltrf. lining l-nntlrr fur tthnw. I tare two Inquiries from readers of your Journal Hiking tne about pro-paring pro-paring poultry to (bow. write SIJ Congtr In Northwestern Horseman and Stockman. 1 have no secrets about the business. Uurlng Juno and July, or aa toon ns I am through setting egg and railing chickens, I take out the mott forward moulted liens and cocks, put ttio heni to themselves In a yard or lot, and keep the cock and cocker-ela cocker-ela nny from them If possible when they aro moulting, as llioy tear the old and new feathers off and make thorn ragged. I feed them n variety of food, fruit of any kind, a little meat or ground bono twlco a week giro thorn anything that haa Iron or sulphur sul-phur In It to hasten the moulting, and It tho feathers break In wings, tall and feet t pull tho old dead feathers out on tho same principle, that you would cut dead limbs off a tree. It you giro thorn proper feed tho old feathers will usually droa out fast enough. If you can get them out by feeding or pull tho old dead broken feathers out atx weeks before tho fairs and shows, you will then liavo new ones In tlmo to show. Now yuu want to go through all your stock carefully for foul feathers fea-thers or feathers that disqualify, and tako your chickens up at least n week before, you start to tho show. Do this by shutting them up In a coop and working around them and near them, feeding and watering them In a coop. Handle them twice a day for several .days, and they wilt soon get tamo and show much better and the Judge can handle your stock to advantage. If I tegs are dirty wash them Just the samo i as you would wash your dirty hands. p If the legs are rough on the old birds make a strong soap suds, hot as they can stand It, and mako them stand In j It an hour; then wash oft all tho soap suds and oil the legs with good sweet oil and In a few days all tho rough will disappear. If the plumage Is dirty wash them thoroughly and be sura and , got all the dirt out, and then rlnso I thern clean and clear of all soap and put them In a coop with plenty of clean straw In It. Eet them In A warm placo ; In the sun or by a Are and In six l " hours you will bavo tho nicest, clean- i est, whitest birds you ever saw. It I Is easy to do It It you aro not afraid ' of mussing tho chickens; tho only so-1 so-1 ' cret Is to be suro and get It rinsed I out clean of soap and to let It dry , thoroughly. I rlnso them the last tlmo . In a tub of cool water; this seoms to close tho pores on the fowls and pre- 1 vents them from taking cold. At the ' ' H fairs and shows confine your stock as . I near as possible to a grain diet, with Just a little green food-onions, cab- bage, etc. Clean jour coops of all 01th twice n day and put In a little fresh bedding. Oats or wheat chaff are tbo best, or any fine bedding that they can scratch In and keep stirred up, II coarse straw Is not good, lly comparing It at tbo shows you will soon know It i It Is all right or not, and know where s It nerds Improving. This way, and L. this only, Is the way to tell It you real-,. real-,. ly have good stock or not; compare r. with tho other fellows; It you have better than they then you will and many buyers. a Illinois lUllroads rod !.! Sloth. No reductions are to be made by the Illinois railroads In tho transportation j', of Illinois live, stock, so say the railroad rail-road commissioners. About a year ago numerous stock shippers mado complaint com-plaint to the commission that the rail- s roads of this stato wero charging ex- n cesslve rates, thereby causing dlecrlnil- ,( nation against Illinois markets. In lt answer to these charges the railroads presented a mass of testimony on the subject of IImi stock rates. After the " most careful consideration tho com- ' mission his decided that tho rate it now charged by tho railroads of Illl- r- noli afford no Just ground for com- m plaint by shippers. g. The decision In part says: 0 "The annual report of this board for the year ending June 10, 1117, shows that there wm a total decrees In the revenues of the rosds In Illinois of tt.3M.6ll. This decrease of revenues affected the employes more than any one els. Tor the same year there was a decrease In the number of employes of 3,161, and a dcr In the amount of salaries paid of over Jl.OOXMW In this ease a petition was presented to the commission signed by 20,000 railroad rail-road emptors asking (bat tho commission com-mission make no reduction In tho present lle stock rates. "The preeeut schedule of maximum rates on live stock has been In force since July I, IS95, at which time a general revision of the Khedulo of maximum rates on nit commodities was made. Comparing the rntes ou Iho stock In Illinois with the mu In other Western states, practically I occupying tho same teirltory. It will bo found, almost without a single exception, ex-ception, that the live stork rntes In Illinois are materially lower than In any other Western state. It Is shots n In this enso that an nrrage train of live stock consists of about twenty-five twenty-five cars, whilo an ntcrage train of dead freight conslsta of about thirty-flvo thirty-flvo cars. A stock train Is required to make quick time. Any delay la tho occasion for n claim for damages, should thero bo an unfavorable change In the market price to the shipper. It an accident occurs by which stock Is Injured, tho loss Is necessarily great, as compared with accidents to dead freight. Tho proof shows that freo transportation Is git en to persons traveling with their stock, and under tho law It theso persons nro Injured whllo traveling on these stock trains, growing out of any negligence of the railroad company, they are entitled to recocr damages, the aame as parties traveling on passenger trains. It Is further shown that a car load of stock shipped In a standard car Is more valuable, valu-able, than any other class of freight, and yet the revenue derived by tho railroad company, under tho present rates. Is less than on brick, lumber, salt and a largo number of other Items of dead freight which might be named. "The representatives of the railroad companies have stated to the commission commis-sion their willingness to tako off the 12 terminal charge, provided the Union Un-ion Stock Yards and Transit company will take off the trackago charge which they mako to the railroad company for tho use of tholr tracks. It Is shown by the railroad companies that the 12 charged will not more than cover tho trackage charge Imposed by tho Union Block Yards and Transit company, com-pany, and tho cost of furnishing engines en-gines and crews to handle the stock to tho Union stock yards. Tho commission commis-sion has been unable to secure any agreement between tho stock yards company and the railroad companies In regard to these charges. After considering con-sidering all tho testimony offered, and having heard tho arguments of counsel, coun-sel, It Is tho opinion of the commission that thero should bo no reduction made In the present schedulo of live stock rates now In force In the stato of Illinois. The petition will therefore there-fore be denied." Dairy IMucalloii la IKnMsrk, Another evidence of the determination determina-tion of the dairymen of Denmark to keep their butter product in the front rank was seen In tho result of a recent re-cent meeting of tho members of the Central Jutland Dairy Union at Aar-bus, Aar-bus, says N. Y. Produce Ilevlew. After a very full discussion of the varied Interests In-terests of tho business, especially along the lino of a further Improvement In the quality of the butter, a aerie of resolutions wore passed setting forth the "necessity of establishing extended schools for dairymen and dairymaids, combined with an experimental labo-rato labo-rato , enabling tho pupils to, at tho same time and placo, extend their theoretical the-oretical and practical knowledge of buttermaklns, as tho Instruction hitherto hith-erto given to them at the ordinary dairy educational establishments roust js considered utterly Insufllclont." The Danes have noted tho rapid rise of the lalry Industry In other countries, and they fully appreciate the fact that to auld tbo high position that Denmark to ooeupled for so many years past it will be noeestsary to avail herself of ihe larger knowledge that sclinllflc research Is constantly bringing to the lalry world. peinnouu J soou.oi.ioq Jdj lUrtrtlt lit Hattv rrodocts. C It Marshall: On every side milkmen milk-men are confronted with undesirable changes In their milk, due to causes oftentimes concealed from them. How to prevent these change and secure s product which Is desirable to their customers are vexing questions, and they are usually left unanswered. Milk Is n rich food for bacteria. In the udder of n cow free from disease the milk Is free from bacteria. It Is on the way through the milk duct and Us contact with the dust of the air, tho banda of the milker, the dirt ot the pall, that milk becomes richly Inoculated In-oculated or contaminated with bacteria bac-teria This Inoculation or contamination contami-nation Is governed In rlchnes In proportion pro-portion to the amount of filth that surrounds the milking process. It U possible to draw milk from the ndder ot a row without Introducing thousands thou-sands ot bacteria, but this Is not real-lied real-lied by the usual methods ot milking. It Is safe to say, nevertheless, that tho number of bacteria will bo diminished di-minished as the cleanliness Is Increased, In-creased, It Is a common experience among milkmen to liavo their milk sour while distributing It, This Is more likely to occur during extremely warm and muggy weather. If wo stop for n moment to consider how this souring takes place. It will b easy, from n rational standpoint, to reduce the chsners by Introducing safe methods ot handling. The bacteria bac-teria that cause the souring ot milk aro very abundant In dairies, on tho utensils, and In tho dust of Iho air, the clothes and hands ot tho mllksr. In fact everywhere. Having once gained entrance to tho milk, a splendid splen-did food for bacteria, they multiply tory rapidly, so that a thousand within with-in tho courso of a few hours Inoresse to many millions. They feed upon tho sugar ot the milk, and by so doing do-ing convert It Into an acid which. In turn, curdle tho milk. Ilacterla, like plants, grow much moro rapidly whsn tho temperature Is suitable, as we find It In warm, muggy weather. It the atmospheric temperature Is cold or the milk Is cold, tbey ate restrained In their development, consequently tho milk remains sweet much longer. A practical lesson might be drawn here vthlch would be of great value If borne In mind. Cool tho milk aa soon as It comes from the cow, and keep It cold until It reaches the consumer, con-sumer, If you desire to furnish absolutely abso-lutely sweat milk which hss not undergone un-dergone any change. This single Illustration Il-lustration of the possible change In milk through the agencies of bacteria . jf JIACKNKY MAIIH. LADY WILTON ;D, A WINNnrtOF NUMUltOUB I'IHZI.3 IN l-NOLAND, Introduces us to a long series ol changes which may occur. Colored milk, bitter milk, ropy milk, tainted milk, off-flavored milk, etc, may take place, but usually those changes cannot can-not be regarded as detrimental to health. It Is seldom that consumers mention changes ot this nature, unless un-less they are very noticeable. It Is true, they may take alarm at some ot these harmless fermentations lest they find something more serious. Household House-hold consumers have heard much discussion dis-cussion about tuberculosis, diphtheria, typhoid fever, scarlet fever and tyro-toxlcon tyro-toxlcon poisoning, and they aro fearful fear-ful lest these reports should bo well founded. Hyglenlsts cultivate this popular belief, and rightly so, because they know that mere Is danger In a promiscuous uso of milk from an unknown un-known source, Bhredded Corn fodder. It Is of re-rent re-rent date that the full value of the rorn plant as a forage stuff haa bo-come bo-come known and properly appreciated. This has been brought about by the use of shredders which, as their name suggests, tear the fibres of tho stalks apart and prepare them for easy mastication, mas-tication, rendering them so acceptable to animals, especially cattle, that they devour them with relish, Ileforo the Introduction ot silos and shredders, It was tho practtco In the North, where the entlro plant was fed, to plant thickly In the drill so aa to grow small stalks, which were fed whole to ttoek, after the ears wero removed. Hut Investigation demonstrated that It tbo plants wero given dlstancs so as to bear ears, both the volume and value ot nutrition wero Increased. Exchange. Dorax la a good thing to sprinkle In the nest boxes. |