Show p 10 1 E 61 64 coo CROWN ra R P a MIMI FIL F IL tom E E LAND V or C T 0 R A S E A KARL C i twe I 1 LAN 4 I 1 N it I 1 P it UN LAND loy L U K HA LI d I 1 11 luteller lut elter fix V i aka I 1 q 1 W ell mans map sho showing wing frithjof hansn risen land where andrees body was found prepared by tho the national geographic society Tas washington hington D C Q blui NAN zUN LAND formerly F fujil franz josef land lias has after a third of a century ghen up the boily body of augut august andrer believed to have been lost fore tower oer in the arctic lee ice the swedish explorer disappeared in liis his balloon in ID 1897 north of spitsbergen close to the place at which No mobiles biles dirigible later explorers were at first hopeful that he be had drifted ea eastward to franz josef L land and walter wellman Well nian assisted by tile the national geographic non graphic society led an expedition to franz josef land the following year and thi tight it likely that lie would find andree at capt capr flora on one of the of the lie islands which was known by andree to be a headquarters and a frequent point of call for explorers an ali diep was not at cape flora however and no trace of blin ailin or liis his balloon was eer found in frauz franz josef land until a few weeks ngo ago although the islands tire are desolate and ice mantled and have never been inhabited it Is possible for men to exist there even through the io winter Anter as the history of arctic exploration proves the land was discovered accidentally ci el in 1873 hy by un lou austro alun garlan expedition bent on finding the northeast passage their ship caught in the lee ice drifted to the southern extremity of the island group and the crew wintered in her fast in the lee ice in ISSI a british party of V its ship crushed wintered on shore share living partly on bear and walrus meat wellman and ills his companions spent the winter of 1803 99 09 on shore and the expedition wintered over in 1901 1001 5 group of many islands its austro Ilung hungarian arlan discoverer named the land franz josef land under the impression that it was a large land laid mass perhaps even of continental tin thi size later exploration disi dis i closed that it Is a group of many lalands islands thirty of these are ten miles or more A A length and the remainder scora ot of them are small several it f die islands are as much its as 50 miles long the group lies slightly farther north than spitsbergen and its center Is as tar far east ot of kings bay as new york ork Is east of detroit it Is as far north of the murman urman coast of russia kussin an and tile northern coast of norway as chicago is north of new Oi orleans oilcans Oil leans cans it Is about the same distance from tile the north pole the lands name was recently changed d to frithjof nansen land by a bote ote of the russian association of science the island groups new name is te because the islands were the scene of one of lie most dramatic episodes in ili the life of the I 1 late ate Frith frithjof jur nansen the lanil land oil which 1 fell lias has been named for foi him literally saved his life and preserved him blin for the valuable humanitarian career rea readied lied a cliona when 11 ho C in cooperation enthat operation with herbert iler saved tile lives of nil millions lions of famine en Russi russians alls nall on took a small party on oil b oard the specially acsel fram and entered the lee ice noes floes off northern siberia in ilja with the hope of drifting with tile llie lee ice across the north pole they drifted for 35 months cocu d in the lee ice without sighting land and without a single contact eith tile llie world nansen and his crew were bel belleard leird to be lost when nansen found that the fram was not loot drifting toward the pole lie he determined to dash with will a single companion pa tilon oner tile llie leg to tile llie top tol of tile wood johansen wits was picked to go nith him they to ok three sledges 2 22 0 dogs and nd two kajaks kayaks eskimo canoes canoed they did not attain their objective jec tive but they made a new farthest north SO degrees find and 12 minutes just 2 miles south of the llie pole from their point the two inn iliyn turned south and began one of alii th longest marches made over arclie 11 lee finally they alln y were redu reduced ced to to two dogs after majaj days dayn they reached eve eva island one of the outlying islands of 0 what is 13 now nansen lund aiding uI ding a tone stone s hut they lived ou on the isolated isle through the winter bubi faub tin 9 eli chiefly lefly on bear meat next spring they stalled south for the main islands of titi group Nan hansens sens kayak was attah attacked ed by it a huge walrus thit that diode its tusks through the fragile craft but nansen si st rambled scrambled out on a cake of lee ice as the tiny boat filled with water and they made their way to the southern islands there they met to their great joy jackson leader of an english expedition although jackson had met nansen years before he be failed for the moment to recognize in the bearded mack black skinned sooty haired wanderer the famous blond norwegian explorer nansen nanen and johansen came home on tile the english bartys whaler the fram fearn arrived a few days later nansen nanen who had been given up for dead rec received elied a tremendous welcome the sea between northern spitsbergen and northern frithjof nansen land is usually packed with ith an almost unbroken expanse of lee ice so that navigation northward Is 19 seldom possible even the narrower channels between the nansen islands are eternally frozen but the larger channels become ice fee free in summer between southern spitsbergen and the southern islands there Is often open water in n summer mer farther south lin however wever the lee ire Is usually packed and this floating barrier must boust he traversed by ships steaming from russia and norway tf frithjof n nansen land because of its far northern position and the greater distance the ahe arctic arm of the gulf stream roust must flow to reach it frithjof Irith jot nansen land Is if marked by arctic conditions to a greater extent than spitsbergen it lias has been called the worlds most characteristic polar land host blast ot of the islands are plateaus less than 1000 feet high covered with domes of 0 ice fee at some points the black basalt crags that form the edges of the plateaus protrude from the white ice and snow coastal lowlands a are re ot of small extent save on two or three ot of the westernmost islands vegetation and animal life the vegetation of the few snow tree free spots Is scant consisting only of lich ens moses moses and several grasses the animal life too is meager tor for tile the most part a few polar be bears ars and fewer foxes on land walruses and seals in the water the bird life Is the richest great flocks of little links auks dove ries kies and other birds frequent the islands from march hard to september there are no reindeer or hares one important item for castaways casta ways Js Is tile the existence of considerable quan titles of driftwood along the shores of the inter island channels this la Is evidently el dently wood cast out into the arclie ocean by the hie grent great northward flowing in rivers ot of siberia such as the obi and the not only lias has former franz josef land become si it mentor memorial lal iu ia its entirety it Is divided and subdivided into numerous island Is landi lar birge and small with numerous channo channels and capes and headlands headland it has ilk de mantled innumerable names the abe history of exploration in the lq linds lands by men of various arlous nationalities Is I 1 in large part NN written ritten on ill tile the map awl tish channel land island straits SI cambridge hay day island Way sea crown prince irence rudolf IIi idolf land Iler pont morgal strait vanderbilt sound kahana fiell bell island whitney sea austrians Aust rians lug ling lish Ameil Amet learis cans norwegians Norwegia ns and italians liae ha had fl a hand in seeking ou in tit secrets of this ley icy island group one of the latest explorations in ili nansen land before the ex lon which found androes andrees lody this summer wits in 1025 by a biltl asli sli cartr part which curried into the regima the first t einoder u faidlo eddlo equipment the party constantly ClIeL checked ked its time by bj radio adio signals from rom the eiffel towe aej Ilsie listened ned to music and I 1 noun cements frum from london and stations |