Show Corn to Mature in Short Season We Already Have Varieties Requiring High Temperatures Tempera Tempera- tures While Growing Prepared d by the United States State Department of oC Agriculture The synthetic tlc development de of ot n a variety of corn that will wUl grow and mature mature mature ma ma- ture under conditions of ot short season und and cool weather will be attempted bythe b by bythe the corn Investigators of ot the United States Department of Agriculture from froma fromn a n collection of ot sample varieties of ot corn brought to the department t b by r Frederick D. D lUchey agronomist In charge of ot corn Investigations who has Just lust returned from an exploration trip through the Andean highlands of South America In company with II It A. A Emerson of ot Cornell university Varieties Mature Maturo In Short Season We already have huva varieties of cornIn corn in lu this country countr that will mature In short season said Mr Ir RIchey Riche but they require high temperatures during The suit sult- suitable the he growing season They are able uble for certain localities along the northern edge of ot the corn com belt but hut there are other places In the Northwest as ns In Idaho Montana and Wyoming where the temperatures are low as ns well vell as the seasons short and we hope to be able to develop a n variety van vari ety that will make muke corn growing In these sections a safo sato enterprise ent This will have to be done lone not b by the mere Introduction of foreign varieties but by crossing and combining the ability of ot our native nathe corn to mature In a n short season with the ability of ot the South American corn to mature at low tern tem Most of the samples s brought back backby backby by Mr RIchey were yere found growing at nt altitudes of ot from to feet und and some as ns high as ns l COO feet In lu the mountains of or Bolivia and Peru Perno C Corn rn matures In these altitudes In a climate climate cli cu- mate which Is 20 degrees colder than that dint of this country countr Thus Mr RIchey Riche sound found native varieties growing and maturing maturing ma rna turing In spite of ot an n average temperature temperature tempera tempera- ture for the year ear of ot 50 de degrees rees F. F while the average minimum temperature durIng during dur dur- ing the growing season seaBon was as us low as ns 39 degrees In our corn belt an un average 4 minimum of 55 degrees night temperature temperature tempera tempera- ture turo Is considered the limit The average temperature during the entire growing season Is 72 degrees The season for the corn crop In these southern south south- em ern countries Is from to days while a few varieties In the northern edge of ot our own corn belt mature In InSO Inso SO 80 days Experiments In Peru On the trip through Peru Mr RIchey li had d the opportunity to to observe va- va 1 S of ot corn COlon from our own country S. S with native growing r In comparison companIon on I corn These experiments were on the 5 farms of ot the Urso mission near Calca Peru under the direction of T. T E. E Payne Pane who Is ig In charge of the mis- mis S S. S slon sion All AH of the United States vailS varieties vail vari S there were of a yellowish green color and did not look healthy said nr 1 1 r air ir u 1 willie W HUt me tue Lilt 11 native U C varieties 1 LU were d dark rk green and healthy Likewise Likewise Like Like- wise varieties from Peru Ieru which have previously been tried In the United States have not done well here It Is not possible therefore to Introduce these South American Forts sorts as ns such and expect them to be adapted to the conditions of our corn belt The problem problem lem Is rather one of crossing and breeding in Ia which the characteristics of the varieties Instead of varieties as ns asa a n whole are ure considered The development develop elop I j ment of ot the tie desired varieties will be bea bel l a ii long time-proposition time but the inS investigators Investigators In In- are encouraged to believe S in the ultimate success of the venture by the results obtained In Ia other experimental ex ex- work with corn at the det de de- de- de rS t The development of ot a varlet variety of j that corn will vill grow and mature maturo at nt a alow alow low temperature In short seasons will 4 Ulan many areas areus In the United S States to grow corn where the crop 1 will be of value not only for Itself but S because of Its use In rotation |