| Show cohe arl VA 0 rn acma I 1 le e n al V IV t y i AK A 49 A t AR 2 A O 0 A 1 1 ft J f ft AV 4 note ed tha L watson author of th s article is a western archeo log st who has made excava eions and important d scover es in the southwest under the d of or dr walter hough head curator of the department of anthropology united states national museum she is well known as a writer on archeology anthropology and allied subjects by EDITHA L WATSON IOUs ands of tourists pass tl rough the souti lest est every year her lier minds are filled with ILL tie e strange s gl 91 ts of calif enla or the varied in teresta of their e stern liones lion es and ind they see nothing more of the country through which tl it ey are traveling tl an its vast spaces nothing more of tl it e people eople r than tl it e dirty unkempt creatures who hing around railway stations anally a tra traveler eler will buy u e rude crude atrocity from one of these station ind ai at s but by tl e tin e tt it e end of the journey has been reached tie hideous souvenir of tie southwest Is discarded as tl tie e ugly and useless tl ing in it Is accord ng to dr adgar L blewett that Is tl it e source of the prevalent alent ideas about tie south western in I 1 I 1 an and his country doctor lie tie vett shout I 1 hn v he Is d rector of the school of american Amei ican and an ethnologist and arche second to I 1 or e in an erica lne e would to lot t judge the ancich t by the hetto or the anglo edons by tie do n and outers of tie city slums he S sis 15 s in ancient I 1 ife in tl it e A ner lean southwest est publish ed recently by it tie e I 1 merr 11 c mi nil any miny M iny I 1 a ae e no otier otter impress on of the in ian 1 an and ju ige tl it e race tl it aref rom A ng ag inc ns stence c ff f people generally ene rally Is that thit wt alile lie they cons der it tie e modern in I 1 in lirty lesy geisy and alt aft etl er un ie iral bratle ae to have haie about tl 0 ea e rea reo I 1 v u th asid ty nc tie s stories ah ab ut I 1 ur ed cities acael I 1 m ditl ill co ency tie it e the nes ties of the their ir 1 ei I armous anti antii I 1 iltz lit in 11 ons of beirs I 1 11 I 1 I 1 believe ing in g about ancient in d ins tl it at appears in print as if ind tl is in deed is lb so orlet net ines in es the n olein in I 1 n ns s are an entirely lepir ite race fro n the pe pie wl ose oe bin hill li it arh evokes the ast n sl ing stor stores es doctor hei biewett ett fads this ter denv 3 et widel read it is I 1 bessa ry to eat aga ago n an I 1 again he sacs that all native A rei gins wheal betl er of piling tr tries les n aund builders cliff liff dwellers dv d ellers 1 beblo toltec aztec alia M na inca are just tl it e ax of the indian PI in he ion tion and ron antle arch archeo eolo log 3 I 1 ie e adds I 1 lave ae a firm hold on the read ng pul put I 1 c well anell taking it for granted that doctor hew ett etts s staten statement sta ent Is true wl at if tien ell it d es seem ar fe ed to belie belle e such I 1 i hie ble in as I 1 beblo I 1 or mesi i verle V er ae to he the v w rh rk of dull creatures like alose who ii test the tourist are areas to realize just how tl it is cin can be me e must so go back to the begian I 1 ig g t f th very ery when a as 4 tie indians siy net mt billions nill nil lons lions of beirs nor even eien I 1 undress of th but b bick ick only a I 1 atle farther than our lear ear one duri durl tl it e con p ira ili ely sl ort time of a tl usand beirs the south n western estern in lians were de beelor elor n agriculture itri culture an ana I 1 making baskets and p starting rither crudely n doutt tut telisse they were an in tell igei I 1 ind adai I 1 ible race advancing as ral mildly idly as conditto condl condi tio s pen perr itte I 1 anen y races such as have cl anaed eur i e fro n time imn did not exist to boti er them tl TI e bull ling problem I 1 tal a I 1 apt not yet be beun un to assume any great 1 kopor eions houses well en ell ugh mode mide lie ro in for the ceren nies wl ich tell should I 1 e conducted decently and in order sl elter fr fir in stor s an I 1 a place to store things an ana I 1 what d dd d if ley ey ant i oie oi e than this these people were just growing up as a race filing f n 1 ng and lear learnix tift wl it tl if ey could do ti tie e b bulata uld r peak came in the next five fie hun dred jears beg fining appi appio oiin xIn belr D actor he ile i v ett bel believes leNes with the tenth century A D it was mis during tl it is tin e ti at the immense co i mrinal louses the and deliott of ancl came into be i g 0 in tl air glamorous settie gs tl it e mysterious walls add infinitely to ti tie e charm of this fascinato fas cinat ing c antry their builders worked with such C care are and sl ill that the res lit w was as marn marvelous elous doc doe tor huewett estimates that fifty million pieces of faai Ja Ai a i 1 the great sanctuary at chearo kett under neath this now be ng excavated are the ru ns of an accent anc ent amphitheater alph theater from an c ent L fe in the american southwest courtesy bobbs merrill company 2 santiago naranjo tewa governor of santa clara pueblo from the pa nt ng by jul us rol from anc ent L fe in the american southwest 3 de gns agns on bowls from the M ambres valley new mexico in the collect ons of ed tha L wat son 4 the green corn ceremony at santo dom ngo from a pa by awa Ts ra from ancient life in the american southwest 5 mimbres bowl in the collections of ed tha L watson the late dr J walter fewkes of the sm ahson an dinst aution called th s the most beau ticul geometric des agn ever found stone quarried ried transported sl aped and laid in tl ti e walls of CI U etro betl ell tl ti ere be it an aver age of eigl elgi I 1 hundred pieces to the squire yard in III addition to alls tl Is tie tl e tl ausan Is of logs poles and tl it hid to be cut in d stant for ests tl ins arted by nan prel ired with stone tools an I 1 built into tl it e structures the tons upon I 1 ns of mortar tl it at hid to ie te made alto gether it I 1 resents a pro I 1 glow tasi for the rather sin ill pop lation I 1 it ion of chearo keti ned in wall masonry doctor hewett tells us as the chaco bu iders were uncurl isad chio caneon wills milis are on an nil avenge as well act bu it as those of analei t troy Aly mycenae cenie mh ur jericho carthree Car thise at aid d i I 1 ac in peru in n any cases fir better during tl is sime five flie hundred veirs in the coi cot jar i ar mm Alin bres valle mt lit tt D actor hewett cills tie most curious and in some wal s ti tie e it nasr ost interest i g cultural de develop e op teira n ent of ti tie e I 1 beblo time line into t air g tl TI is d es not refer t ing arel for no i v here pise else d I 1 the pit hillige apt apper air to I 1 ie e in s sich ich exel excl is e fi divor or an I 1 only mo n Is of pirth with tie er a stu slit ling viall wall malk maik tie sites of mi all hreno breno vill I 1 tl TI e p ta ern from these ruins however Is 14 in a class of its in N f I 1 for sl ape or color or even enen for ge ne n trial desan although s lie n e of alese tl ese deco patterns pit terns are billed lulled as tie ile most artis tie an ani I 1 li it in nl ni us of I 1 luello uel to geometric des gns agns hut but 9 is 11 I 1 ct et r heedt siva sone son e here along the line of level i n et I 1 a cai cal rice struck ti tie e artists of the mi nil I 1 lies ies tl TI ev I 1 ok to life f rn s of the n ost striking kind and de developed eloped the in st mir vel us its tl if t I 1 know f am ng prinitivo pr potters of tl it e world in tl it e use of life motifs they el ext cited a pla of ti ft cy y tl it at belongs to a D aster arti ts IS these artists berlt n erit a place will the al at lest eirno fists of all tine TI tie P mi ali nl of res regi n is callei calle I 1 by doctor hewett an ancie I 1 art province and the pic tortal designs from its bowls I 1 live aie an artistic aal an historic value in I 1 let cai car not be 0 ove ertin cited yet the boils ho vis of the Nl imbres valley like tie vails ails of I 1 ac nyon were in i ie le bi b in I 1 ins the sime ra e of indians aho who vho appear s unattractive to it tie e tout tourist eye I 1 IN e still han have e n I 1 seen ho hov v it Is is poss hie ble in lee I 1 it an ears even een n re iliev able on close combar son but tl it e hist ry of tl e next five fife hu dred bears ears tie five fie hundred beirs en ling bolty to liy mikes it clear NA ate it te n nen ell c cuie in e into tl it e antry roul roughneck 1 I neck conquer rs w avlo I 1 0 sa advel e I 1 s I 1 ils Is and collected lun der ath w th aquil arrogance arro gince vly do ve me lelay impatiently exclaimed tl ti e SI S ani irdi as tl it ey were halted baited before an all ind in to jovn in in ml I 1 they never delayed aga il acon i I 1 qt s I 1 alf I 1 I 1 er lot al I 1 ants because sl s1 e resisted SI S anish do i int n zuni once famed as it tie e seven senen L C I 1 es of cibola tad ad an in i pregnable reg n atun to ade h de on but tie tl e sai seven ell cites are only one no v TI tie e I 1 luello act lo 10 rebel I 1 on of wl I 1 ie it drove tie conquers con quero s from the southwest could keep tl em out scirce ly tn in re than a decade and vien led they returned it was in such force that thy they th y never lever again could be vanquished doctor blewett declares that the pueblos began before the advert t of the w I 1 lift it man though no one will deny that he vigorously ly followed fol lowel cl up whatever was w as at work in the way ity of destructive d e st r u e tl v e forces f 0 r c e s T tl 1 e 1 indian n d 1 i n g government 0 v e r n ment was truly of the peo pie tor for the people by the people there were neither aln king nor hing kingdoms doms the wise and the trave were ere elevated eleia ted but their fall could be capil if ILL ev failed filled in worthiness u ort hiness tl TI ere Is no I 1 of an ind an great man before the coming of our race there Is only the record of the people the perfectly ordered community was the aim and end and agency of government and there organization stopped doctor flemett tells us the european state organize by force maintained by force depending upon force for its existence was w as entirely of the ind an mind could not conceive it miniature golf vest pocket cam eras and all the other tiny replicas of big things have hane their day but it remained remil ned for the pueblos to evolve miniature cepul lies u which persist to this very iery yet every village was independent of the ott others ers they united sometimes in common causes but the leagie e of nations idea did not amieal api eal to them the pueblos were highly ual nil let the others I 1 beep to themselves NN ate e can mind our own business seemed to be their attitude there are at present twenty sit inhabited bueb los about one third of tl if e nun her known to cort cornado nado s expedition of 1540 of these seventeen are in tie rio brinle grin ie drainage eight in arizona the hopi towi s and zuni in western new alex ico completes the roster here are the descend ants ints of those aspiring folk who peopled the southwest long ago truly trilly tl e first families ra milles of america indian religion once abhorred as a pagan belief connected with idolatry and devil worship al stough tt ough the devil Is not an in liin llin deity detty has be come tl if e object of stu ly of son e of our greatest grei test thin ers death deith to us the great mystery was of little consequence to these red p pi llo ilo tl TI e body when it was no longer animated was as useless as a boolen brol en bowl and as is valueless the soul lived on it was onh onil that thit mattered mitt ered doat r points out the beauty of liea flea as con contrasted contraste cont triste I 1 to tl if e funeral funerals tombs and other gloomy bel es of our own race rice nowhere now here Is this 1 fainer than thin in ti tie e dances dines and songs wl ere parts of the routine and certain words hue hiie no meaning to tie modern in fn the d dinces inces alt alit ough ed as religious cere monies are of con considerable sid erable mundane interest to white visit isit rs 0 o at the snake dance laugh al at the h shale share who are not to be funny and profess to fin 1 offa off lor for meanings me in vari us ceremonial actions whereas an indian would be greatly scandalized at some of our own dances u which aich I 1 ave ive to i tl ou bugl 1 I I t of religion behind them stin still by a sincere encouragement how ei eer er tl it e indians are begin beginning nin to take tahe more care in cere gonles m alich I 1 as a consequence at brict a di deferent d class of onto kers hers from either etan I 1 ests or drifting ignoramuses the li it dian dances are beautiful to tl ILL se e who ki etow ow what tl it ey are see ng tl TI ere Is a perfect sense sene of in of e lor for of gro grouping in short of arii a i that is what whit reilly are dramatic representations staged and perfectly acted ardan it d an decorative e arts too hark back bick b ick to on ow dent ilis tie pi litinaS s of awa tsira fred pred iab tie and OIL otters ers I 1 lave aie a kinship with the pic pie tures found in old ruins the artists f ilov llo v the thourl thou ts of those long ago painters pi litters in making the r p coures t td d ly jy the modern indian artists are t sel f tau t faugl t by those m wl I 1 0 before as iou will but never white nan titi faugl git t thit would be to spoil their work entirely tl TI e making of ornaments orini ments in turquoise shell an I 1 jet Is one f tl ti e ancient I 1 beblo arts and neati n ade it isaic w m rk ranks ahmoi g f the most I 1 aried of INI li ilas INS Is fat la idary art so d and i 1 leasing Is no now being bro to life in fit son e of tl if e i and the deman demin I 1 for it Is increasing as eai ries of the art find their way tc admirers of e an lovely tl ings embroidery once used in ceren leren onial belts and sashes I 1 las as attric te I 1 the attention of the gov ernset t and ind un ler its encouraged ent tl if Is hai hit dl work is being usel use in many ne nev v ways which are finding fanor with the busing public Q by V m batern ne union A i i 1 |
