Show IT 7 I 1 0 VC 4 y MIS v vav 1 ta K na ja 21 I 1 I 1 A 7 W 5 a I 1 P 4 t N al W zar f T 4 0 ts k U laid 0 P f er to ca U lly li Y OK by JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN lit national monuments a hundred years irs from now will be numbered among ong the priceless possessions ot of the american people at present they aie are pretty much neglected both by the federal government and by the people there are 30 or more in charge of 0 the ahe interior depar department truent and congress gives the national park 4 service but to amre care tor for all 0 oj them visitors to the IS 18 where records were kept numbered but 2 2826 last season But that Is because the people know almost nothing about the national monuments some day these national monuments will be made easily accessible and fixed up then the people will flock to them for all of thed are well worth seeing and many ot of them are among a tiong the wonders ot of the world with national parks parka and national forests arid national monuments etc etc the public Is naturally mixed up on what herns heres the right of that there ire are parks each established by a separate act of congress and all in charge ot of the mat national lonal park service of the interior department primarily they contain scenic features of national importance though two hot springs IW InAi at kansas and platt piatt in oklahoma are arc medicinal they are kept as far as possible in their original wild state and are wild life sanctuaries they tire are protected against coin commercialism in crela 11 sm familiar names in tile the national part park system are yellowstone yosemite rocky hocky mountain and grand canyon lafayette on the coast of maine is is the only scenic national park cast of the mississippi congress will not purchase bIlse land fo for r national park purposes and the only public lands are in the west lafayette was presented to the nation by public spirited citizens there are six she national military parks gettysburg and are familiar i examples under control of the war department there are approximately national forests under tinder control of the forest service of the depart scam km or of agriculture they were established for scientific lumbering find and for grazing and were originally purely commercial propositions the agricultural department however in its persistent efforts elTor ls to get control of the national parks lias has set up recreational features in many national forests in competition with the national parks now we come to the national monuments na illonal landmarks would be a more fitting designation previous to IWO the united states stales had no provision for the establishment of kif national monuments public insistence became so great for the protection of 0 natural wonders from vandalism that thal in 1005 the act tor for the preservation of 0 american antiquities was passed by congress lails act provides for the punishment of vandalism and for permits to excavate and collect section 2 of the net act reads that the abb president Pret ident of 0 we ih 0 united states Is hereby authorized in his discretion to declare toy by public proclamation historic landmarks land marka historic and prehistoric structures and other objects of 0 historic or scientific interest that are situated upon tho lands owned or controlled by the government of 0 the united states to be national monuments and may TeS reserve OrVe as a part thereof parcels of 0 land the limits limit of which in all cases shall be confined to the smallest area compatible with tho the proper care cara and man of 0 the objects to be protected under anler tills act about 50 national monuments are row established about 30 are in barge of the national park service and about 15 under control of the forest service the war department controls three exact figures cannot be given as cli changes are constantly oc occurring currin g qt ot those coAt controlled rolled by bi the forest service the largest Is is mount in washington mitch Is lon ot of mountains forests and glaciers aeed al d the IN e odthe of the olympic elk elk bandelier Uan deller in neav ew mex led contains vast numbers of prehistoric cliff dweller dwelle r ruins find and la Is presumably dialed tor for national park honors bryce can canion on in utah of which more later inter Is un an eroded canyon of I 1 acres the 1023 report of 0 director stephen T mather ot of tin the national park paric bervice to the tha secretary of the interior gives in addition to de devils vils tower powei el marro und and Pe petrified trIfled forest of 0 which more later the following Ais is the listef the national under his chaice alie they have been grouped by this writer witter the list ai ta Wt yASS s V JA A r arf 4 Z 11 1 montezuma Mont czuma castie arizona 1906 prehistoric cliff acres caco chaco canyon now new mexico 1907 numerous numero us bueb los IOS and cliff dwellings navajo arizona Ar tzona 1909 prehistoric rl pue pueblos pueblo hlo a a and d cliff dwellings acres Hoen Hoken weep rutih bah colorado lorado 1923 prehistoric towers pueblos and cliff dw dwellings elf ings 1296 acres arizona 1908 ruari ruin of 0 Seven seventeenth tenth century fr franciscan ancl sean mission 10 acres gran ne new mexico 1909 sk cleat pueblo end and early spanish mission acres casa grande arizona prehistoric relic acres yucca yuca house colorado 1919 prehistoric relic 10 acres aztec ruin new naw mexico 1923 prebi prehistoric pueblo of rooms 5 acres pipe spring arizona old stone fo tort rt and d I 1 spring ot of pioneer days 40 acres blu muir lr woods california 1908 fine redwood grove acres pinnacles california 1908 many spire liko rock forma formations tiona to 1000 fee thigh 2653 acres natural bridges utah 1908 three very large natural bridges aar adr acrea 1 rainbow bridge utah 1910 height feet span feet acres sitka fltka alaska 1910 park of historic ass association 0 c r aton 20 line fine totem poles 67 acres colorado colorado 1911 wonderful example of or erosion many lofty monoliths acres papago saguaro arizona 1914 characteristic d desert es flora and many pictograph 9 elslo acres acre s lewis and dark clark cavern montana 1908 imm immense 0 anso limestone cave acres shoshone cavern wyoming cigoi 1903 jargo ar e Ill limestone estone cave acres dinosaur utah 1915 deposits of fossil remains 80 acres fossil ayad south dakota 1922 deposits of plant fossils acres capulin mountain new mexico cinder cone of geologically recent or matlon ai acres kalmal alaska 1918 volcanic phenomena including valley of ten Eho thousand usand smokes 1940 acres verendrye Veren drye north dakota 1917 includes cro crow w high butte from which the famous brench fr ench ax ex clorer first saw trans territory acres scotts bluff ife braska 1919 1916 point of historic interest in winning of the west 2053 acres pages of interesting matter could be written about these notional national monuments take for example those of Arf arizona zona new and colorado they illustrate the history of jot the lie american southwest from the prehistoric times of 0 tile the cliff dwellers down through the many anany years of frantic searching for gold by the spanish soldiers and the colonizing and by the spanish priests cortez conquered mexico for spain in 1519 21 jt it soon looted the spaniard then turned its his search for gold toward ilera which Is another story and toward the unexplored wilderness to the north korth the air was full ot of northern treasure myths el EI dorado the glider man and a whole people clothed in gold the seven cleles of cibola with their golden domes qumra th the city ot of kold gold si side e by side soldier and priest ln invaded the desti rf each despised th the other jach each used like other coronados Corona Coron doa ados e expedition from mexico in 1510 that penetrated as fur far as Kan one ofie ol of the he most romantic in fix all history e I 1 gran quivira was once the flourishing pueblo city of bf baille boille be lle ietto ved to be quivira by the span lards it was in 1581 by francisco z de francisco de Ace devo founded the mission islon the apaches wiped wi liked it out about 10 70 th e tinclent held about 1 the great church ta ag built in 1611 both still stand to tl this ibosh ghost city of the long ago montezuma castle Is one of the joics of the prehistoric people called Is very old it la Is a communal aliouse of 2 broo rooms ive built in a shallow shallo NV pave cave in n the I 1 caeg fac q ot a loft calt ft casa grande great house reh mystery it hiis was already a uin aay fay marcos discovered it ft in 1539 1339 it isa jagt bi alding of a natural cod concrete crete called 7 plastered within it stands in a large c compo wound of outlying buildings en enclosed closed in a rectangular ap gi u I 1 a r 1 aztec ruin was presented to tile the nation by archer M huntington of the america i museum fin of natural history it Is being exten extensive sV 1 efa excavate excava tc d find and restored centuries before coli 1 one of at the fl richest chett centers of prehistoric cl ye tb ln in loi im ads was the valley of the alimas river in est ern I 1 new mexico 0 there within the radl ingle 4 mile bile vast mounds of earth and falle ark if ns I 1 1 av f I 1 Z I 1 Z t the site of nearly dwellings swellings in its original condition the aztec ruin itself was n stately sandstone structure by aso feet three stories high and built around a rectangular court the specimens already recovered constitute probably tho the most co in p I 1 e t e collection representative of a north american culture munt mount KOO at a him big alaskan volcano blew ott off its head in 1912 covered a vast peninsula ski la with slag g and darkened the skies nil all over the world with just dust the ali e e explosion also cren created ted the valley of ten thousand smokes one of the wonders of 0 the world it Is live five volcanic ground cracked by fissures and pitted by millions of fuma fu im roles iroles of eiery line hue which bubble and belch and send up steam and smoke and so it goes each na t 11 I 1 0 n al a I 1 monument lias has its own onn story and new national monuments tire are being created one of the ne newest Is carlsbad cave tn IN new e w me 2 I 1 it t ling has been only partly explored lored but is stated by experts tar far to 5 surpass ur mammoth cave cate in size and in mag ence and variety of 0 decora decoration tion the latest addition to tile the list of 0 monuments ants is the craters of 0 the moon in idaho where 40 square miles have loen been set arld allda if b president collide Co olide it Is a lava von derland alth nith cones junul tunnels 1 na caes and all sorts of twiste dand contorted forms of hardened low of the national monuments chosen for ll lustra tion bryce candon can on has just lieen been given national park honors A bill for 4 s creation as tile the utah it lonal park was pas passe aln the closing hours of the last session of cong congress its feature Is a box canyon three miles long and two to miles mile S wide cut 1000 feet into the plateau of southeastern utah there Is a wonderful variety of cros lonal form which fire are painted in every color shade and tint aln of the spectrum reds pinks S creams tans lavenders lavendera lav enders pur purples plese blues billes greens chocolates and whites it takes high rank among natural wonders the rhe net provides that before bryce canyon becomes utah national park all lands in the arean kust be conveyed to the united states utah ad th theU e volon olon Paol pacific floi own ackois acre s the petrified forest I 1 contains the most won wonderful ef collection of petrified trees in the world these trees lie in three groups which really are not forests at all for most of the trunks were washed to their present positions on an eroded plain vy ly I 1 prehistoric hoods floods froni from forests far a away ay A many of the trunks exceed feet in length one log feet long bridges a canyon 45 feet wide nide the state of of the wood ad almost places it among the precious stones not only fire are chatt chalcedony opals and agates t on view but even jasper slid and onyx the devils tower Is an extraordinary mass of igneous rock and Is one of the most conspicuous features of the black hills regain reg loh oiVi of wyoming omIng it has been it a landmark from prehistoric times first there Is the level plain jhen then ik n rounded wooded hill GOO COO feet high find and on top of tj al the tower GOO COO feet high and a mile in circumference its sides ore fluted by great columns which stand perpendicular dl di except were they flare out at the base a and a nd in at the top these columns about 6 fe feet 1 et in diameter are mostly pentagonal but some are four sided and some six sided el morro national monument Is 19 a landmark to thrill a good american two enormous connected rocks of varl colored eroded sandstone rise abruptly from the arld arid plain one suggests a castle and Is called el morro the others other Js Is railed called inscription rock hock because it bears r priceless s historical records for nearly four centi centuries en irles ago these thesa walls echoed the clank of the he steel harness of conquistadores and the prayers of Frn franciscan nelean martyrs ilar tyra there was a spring elnra an and fl i a sh shallow al I 1 ow cave and soldier and priest turned aside aside to thein froin the old zuni trail and there they cut the why and wherefore ot of ott kaeb t c OP aud nd g boings aings an inscription perli perhaps tips as important as any lg Is this cut by bonjuan aioo juan de 0 onate at 14 years before the pilgrims landed on th rock I 1 7 paso por abul do de a adelantado adelan 5 e tado don juan de onate onata del do la anar del our eur a 16 el cl april adel adi 1606 I 1 passed by here the aroln caal chief don juan do de onate onale from the discovery ot of the south sea on the lath of 0 april 1606 0 this approximately flos the date of the founding of santa ve te as hla known onate fixed ills hla capital there ul luppp I 1 0 his return f from the gulf of it I 1 scarcely lcara interesting Is tle the inscription acre here jy jj ton don lago de ap 1 ata lucaa ponce e tiet di leon I eon all c estaba el e gorki ro D do da var vargas g as qi aule ailen len n con t nestra vanta santa fo fe y la Is real c corona oro na todo el cl nuva mexico a iu su costa ano ana do dd 1692 J lutc was ibe general don diego devargas da Vareas who conquered to our I 1 holy faith fait faithana hand I 1 doid the royal crown all new mexico at its ills own expense year ot of 1692 2692 the tha indians had bad risen against ft the ie spaniards lards in santa fe ld in massacred anol driven thern them out and destroyed os as fir far ns as possible all traces of civilization and christianity for twelve years they enjoyed their ancient it was diego de vargas who the alie region in 1603 1 there are more than 50 of these inscriptions they contain contala groat great in those times nieto who escorted the first n mission missionaries arlei t to zuni in 1029 9 luj lajun an v who b 0 arged ed the murkier murder of fray francisco letrado ln enli li A uribarri UrI baril and and so on down into the first half of the eighteenth century where lr in all the world Is there a more more fascinating in historical relic than inscription rock |