Show PROPER SOILS AND preparation OF SEED BED FOR MORE AND BETTER OATS X aa p 01 M e 4 DISK IS GOOD FOR PREPARING SOIL FOR OATS prepared prepare I by b the united states depart merit of agriculture tra rort tf ahr ill essentials for success lit in t oats production tire well vell prepared land that Is rek bentive ut moisture and ami fairly fertile seed of suitable varle fi ties thoroughly cleaned a binl lid p graded rind treated for foi I 1 1 early seeding with a grain t I 1 i dr drill t the r lip of the ci chop op nt at t th the c proper unit time careful shocking find and stacking n us rig to preserve the crop from injury by weathering clean thrashing onta oats lit in the uni 1 1 I l states state Is bic es ceedee in acreage and value only hy fly corn and wheat heat of the grain crops the ilie arell area annu annually olly devoted to it his Is crop crol in this country in the le five years hears from 1012 to 1010 1016 inclusive ulve wn was q acres this Is approximately three eighths of the acreage devoted to corn and three fourths of the age devoted demoted to wheat tn in the same years the est hunted average production of ants in these five years pars vas ns ibus liels with tin nn astl mated enrin value milne of nut but 9 this his less attention hns hap beat glien given to the production of oats than to any other important grain 0 so o that lint yields often have been factory and the he crop sor 9 unprofitable best soils for oats in the flip production of ants proper climatic and cultural conditions tire of inore lhnn the character or even the fertility of the soil ow rig to their greater writer holding capa elty loam and clay soils boils usually produce better belter crops lhnn sandy soils sandy annd with plenty of plant food and if moderately stiff sti subsoil toll will krow grow good oats hut but heny clays nn too wet rind rold cold for the host best growth of the crop more writer water Is required to produce it fl pound of dry do mutter matter in ahari in tiny other oilier berval cerval hence the lie feces necessity sity for pron grow ing this oils crop on land that naturally retains moisture or that Is well filled with hunius humus on account of their Il libil ity to ledge oats should not be grown on oil very rich soil or on low lands good drainage Is essential also lu in the prevention of injury from plant 1 henses fertilizers and manures though the cailop Is n vigorous feeder and will do better on poor soils than most other grain crops tire the judicious use life of fertilizers fertilisers or immure Is usually profitable the fert 9 problem Is mode cult however bv the fact tant oft i rich soil oats make anke n rank which otter offer results in lodging anti and if in conditions favorable to rust and other di dispenses senses the fell oll Is very low tn in for fer tilita the direct of barnnrd yard it nure to tile the crop Is seldom africh more results usually can he obtained hy by plying lii the manure previous to arx ins ing soine other crop in the rotation such puch as corn the oats then lien will get ohp ho heni it of n pirt part of the trin manure nure and alli of tit added humus in the soil with less danger that if rank growth of straw will he be ninde made nt at tit the expense or of grain production on very poor soil a few bonds of well rotted manure inny be applied some tinie time previous to sowing oats the manure should ile be spread ns evenly us its possible fin and should ile ho well worked into the soil abe rise of a sili small till quantity of row raw roes rock phosphate with the manure la 19 u bially of the three most Import important rint plant food elements nitrogen ahns chorus orus anti potash phosphorus ius Is tile the iii fit most often present lit in for the hest best production of oats preparation of the seed bed less attention ordinarily Is given to tile the of the seed ile lied for oats than man flint for oil nn ither field crop in tile lie corn belt w W ore ne oats commonly follow corn th ti seed Is often sown broadcast without pre previous violus preparation of the land it Is then covered hy by disking rind and harrowing much better results aro are obtained however by 0 disking the land before seeding whether the seed Is sown brond broadcast cast or Is in drilled A good seed bed usually can not bo be prepared with fewer feiner than two di ekings till and nt at least one harrowing if the oats ants are to be sown on cor corioland inland on which the stalks are arc still standing it Is good lep to brcik the stalks before disking this can be done readily especially on a frosty morning by dragging a heavy polo pole or iron rall mil broads broadside lile across tire beld field the stalks then their fan call lie cut with it a disk harrow lii irrow much bettor better thrift lhnn if left stand liik fig if the disks of the disk harumi ire are sharp f they will cut lilt HIP stalks into short pieces which alch soon cecily it Is never advisable to rake and burn stalks and other oilier trash rush on oil cornfields that hat fire to ile be wi sown to oats unless tile the Is so great that it call not liot possibly be covered by disking till hunius finking hotilda not ile be destroyed but should be worked into the soil oil oats always should be sown sova us its early lit in the spring as tile the land ann cnn lilt le be worked hilt but the HIP proper preparation should not he be to gain a little tinie in gettIng Rett liiK the he seed into tile alie ground oats juts to do best bes t when sown on lit in ft i rather alrin seed hod bed with etli two to three hrca indies inches 0 of f loose tri mellow ellow soil on oil the surface surf nce tills thir can bo be obtained bt bot on corn stalk land ly by breaking tile stalks double either hy by lapping halt half ir r cross disking find and thorough harrowing with a spike tooth harrow lapping half avith a harrow leaves I 1 lip surface more nearly even than ti when the lie field to Is oll the disks should lie ile set to run three or four inches deep after the seed bed Is in ili good condition the sped seed should be sown mill and the field again harrowed the alie land seldom 19 1 plowed for oats that follow n cultivated crop spring plowing usually Is not profitable pron tuble ns as there Is little little to the subsurface sl to become compact und the land Is rarely lit in proper condi conditto conditio tio n to plow before the oats should be sown |