Show I LICENSED INSPECTORS GRADE ALL GRAIN IN INTERSTATE OR FOREIGN r t tp p a ad d s y Q b R r rI I y 4 mot t xv r C i s p rt f r y r. r rb S J Grain Sampler Obtaining Samples of Wheat In a Car ln I Prepared by uy the me nu United l States Department Depart Depart- ment of ot Agriculture A large percentage of the wheat de- de at the terminal markets for In Interstate Interstate interstate In- In or foreign shipment is placed In n the highest grades grodes of the federal graIn standards by grain Inspectors licensed by the United States department department department depart depart- ment of agriculture Duluth and Minneapolis Minneapolis Min Min- neapolis are two of the largest terminal terminal nal wheat markets In the countr country Between Between Between Be Be- tween January 15 1918 when the revIsed revised revised re re- re- re federal grades became effective and December 31 1918 more than 40 40 00 cars of hard red spring wheat were Inspected at Duluth of which nearly 85 per cent was placed In grade No 1 At Minneapolis nearly cars were vere Inspected of which more than 70 per cent was placed In grade No 1 1 When a farmer fanner sells his wheat to The he he local elevator a grade Is placed upon It usually by tho the elevator manager manager manager man man- ager and not by a n licensed Inspector of the federal government because e fe few such Inspectors are located at country points Unless the grain Is ground at the local mill It Is finally shipped to a terminal market where It t Is graded by a disinterested Inspector Inspector inspector In In- who Is licensed by the secretary secretary secre- secre tary ary of agriculture In deciding the grade the Inspector uses the grades established by the United States department department department de de- de- de of agriculture which are often referred to as the federal grades Enforcing Grain Standards Act In enforcing the grain standards act net the authority of the federal government government government govern govern- ment reaches only shipments bf grain in n interstate commerce from commerce from one state to o or r to foreign countries The department can not control the C country y buyer or elevator man nor northe northe northe the m muter miller iier who buys bus grain on the spot for ot s l' such h hr r transactions usually are not Interstate While these buyers may mayuse mayuse use fede federal federa al grades the grading Is not under the jurisdiction of the depart depart- ment If It they do not assign the grades fairly and acc accurately only the state officials can reach retch them The licensed Inspectors howeVer hO er are under the control control control con con- of the department Such Inspectors Inspect Inspect- ors are arc not allowed to continue to Inspect Inspect inspect In In- unless they are competent If anyone Is employed In an elevator or ormill ormill ormill mill or has any connection with the buying or selling of grain he can not secure a license to Inspect grain and If It he lie does not do satisfactory work IllS his license may be suspended or re re- yoked Practically all the grain brain from Minnesota Min Min- Minnesota and North Dakota and a large part of that from South Dakota Is eventually shipped to either Minneapolis Minneapolis Minne Minne- apolis or Duluth and It Is there graded by licensed Inspectors With the exception exception exception ex ex- ex- ex of durum practically all of the wheat produced In the territory mentioned Is hard red spring This kind of wheat Is divided Into three subclasses or divisions according to the percentage of dark darle hard and vitreous vitreous vitreous vitre vitre- ous flinty kernels For bread mak ing lag purposes It Is generally believed that flour from wheat containing a 0 large percentage of the dark hard and flinty kernels Is superior because of Its stronger more elastic and ond more abundant gluten This is s the charac character ter that has given the spring of or the Northwest and the hard winter of ot certain sections of the Southwest their enviable reputation Inthe in inthe inthe the worlds world's market and Is responsible for the almost universal premium millers are willing to pay for these In normal times The subclasses for tor hard red spring wheat are Dark northern spring containing 75 per cent or more dark hard and flinty kernels and not more than 10 per cent or less of humpback northern spring which contains less than 75 per cent and more than 25 per cent dark hard and flinty kernels and not more than 10 per cent or l' l less ss humpback red spring which contains 25 per cent or less dark hard and flinty kernels or more than 10 per percent percent percent cent humpback Of or the cars of hard red spring wheat received and Inspected at Duluth Duluth Duluth Du Du- luth during the last half of 1918 14 14 G cars or per cent were classed as dark northern spring cars or per cent were classed as northern northern north n ern spring and 1108 1168 cars or 28 per percent percent percent cent were classed as red spring There are arc six grades numbered from 1 to 5 the sixth being called the sample grade Of 01 the hard red sprint spring wheat received at Duluth per cent was placed In grade No 1 I and 83 per percent percent cent In grade No 2 making more than 90 00 per cent graded No 2 or better For the same some period cars were Inspected at Minneapolis 1 per cent of the cars being placed In grade No 1 and per cent In grade No 2 2 |