Show OIL OIL FRO FROM SHALE HALE ROCK With the demand for gasoline and for the crude oil from which It Is made as well as for the ammonia to tobe tobe be he used In fertilizers growing more and e more moe Imperative it is encouraging encouraging encouraging aging to learn that rapid progress is being heing made in the work of at producing producing producing pro pro- t these ese materials from the oil that are found in great deposits deposits deposits de de- de- de posits in our Western Vestern States especially especially especially espe espe- in Colorado Nevada Montana Utah and Wyoming More than a dozen large companies have been organized to win oil from Irom these are now making experiments to determine the most efficient and economical way of ot doing so Aerial tramways are being built to bring the shale from mines to be opened high on the sides of the mountains down to retorts or distillation plants to o be built in the valleys near lines of Chemists arc are finding that a great many useful things things' can be made from the oil such such as dyes explosives paints fertilizers and substitutes for rubber as well as gasoline kerosene and flotation flotation flo tIo- tation oil oil but but the Industry Is not yet far enough advanced to enable to tell which of at these anyone anone products products products pro pro- ducts or how many of ot them can be manufactured at a profit The industry In Industry Industry In- In must eventually succeed but its success may depend largely on the profits derived from sale of tho the by A report recently published by the United States Geological Survey Department Department De De- of ot the Interior shows the results of at geologic examinations atall of at oil all shale in the Uinta Basin Utah by D. D E E. E Winchester and gives records records re re- re- re cords corda of at distillation and tests of at samples samples samples sam sam- ples of at shale collected elsewhere In Inthe Inthe inthe the United States The oil all shale in Utah Is black or brownish black except except except ex ex- on weathered surfaces where ItIs it itis itis is bluish white or white It is fine grained slightly calcareous and generally free from tram grit It is la tough and It Its thinner beds are remarkably flexible Its flexibility distinguishes it from ordinary carbonaceous shale which is is Is brittle When Ignited with witha a match a thin splinter of ot oil shale burns with a sooty yellow flame azu an gives of an odor Oil shale is heavier than coal having an average specific gravity of at about 16 lG but the richer are not so heavy as the leaner ones The oil shale of the Green River formation formation formation forma forma- tion contains about 60 per cent of ash As good coal contains less than 10 per cent of ash oil shale can not be profitably used directly as fuel In order to obtain its content atall of at oil all the shale mus must be mined like coal crushed and distilled in huge retorts in which it gives elves off crude shale oil all ammonia and fuel gas products from which may be made madea a large number of at valuable ces Though some of the shale has hason hason hason on distillation y more than 2 barrels of oil in the shale in the form of oil The shale contains a great mass of partly vegetable matter which can be converted into oil by heat A map that accompanies the geologists geologist's geologists geologist's geologists geologist's geo geo- logist's report which Is published as Bulletin B indicates that there is a vast area of at shale oil-shale land In northeastern north Utah and the report shows the thickness and richness of the shale be beds s at miny many places The report may be he obtained free tree by br a addressing addressing ad ad- dressing the Director of at the United States Geological Survey Washington Washing ton D D. D C. C C. U. U. U S S. S Geological Survey Press Bulletin |