Show construction OF WIRE FENCES FOR FARMS io sews 9 61 0 not vv em aft ON 2 a 0 son as rv e ar 1 simple ind and economical inclosure for sheep flock IR raved by the united slate mates department of Arri culture under pre condition conditions bairs a new publication of the united state states department of ire bulletin no W 41 a wiro wire fence la in in many sections of cie country the only kind for the farmer to construct tone ails and rail fences aro are usually expensive to build require much labor to maintain occupy e cess lve 1 ground space and form breeding places tor for weeds and insect insects for these reasons the government in vesti gators found that in the north central states they are in general being replaced as fast us as thoy they become tu t serviceable by wire fencing the kind and amount of this fencing that a farm should havo have will bo be regulated kargoll by the kind of farming practiced and the th etze size of the farm the large largo farm require requires proportionately lesi fence than the email small one for example exam iila a square ten acre field requires 16 rods of fence per acre while a square field of one acre ro re quires approximately 50 rods moro over since the crop rotations on a small farm usually require as many fields as those on a larger one the mall small farm requires much more clyl slon fence in proportion to its acreage then the large one to giro give satisfactory service a farm fence must be able to turn all kinds of animals without injuring them and to b bi really economical it must pos debs durability A short lived fence that is in erected at a low first cost may be a very expensive the type of wire fence to be s sleet ed will depend on local conditions the bulletin already mentioned to a study of condition in the north central states contrasts for example conditions in western dakota those in ohio jn ja dakota the ruck are mostly cattle and large are devoted to permanent pastures barbed wire fences which will turn cattle can be constructed much more cheaply than woven wire conces and mider such conditions as prevail in fit dakota are almost as the saying of the few steers that may mair be lost as a result of wiro wire cuts would not compensate tor for the higher higier cost of building and woven wire fences on the other hand in ohio the average farm has about 70 ot of its 90 acres in crops cattle horses wine swine and sheep are pastured and an on many farms part of the land ie to always given up to pasture in the course of the year under these mese condition dit ioris the fence must be a general purpose one for which woven wire Is is best beat fruited A barbed wire fence that would be adequate for all kinds of stock would nearly equal in first cost a good woven wire wl ivica and the cost of if its upkeep would be much greater in addition there would be the danger of injury to stok sto k for this reason the farmers ot of ohio have mostly abandoned the use ut of garbed wire in constructing a boven wire fence it ie Is better to ico conchi conc nomi mI by the allm nation of unnecessary rather than by the selection of ight grade wire the initial cost of the heavy wire 13 1 greater but its durability Is more than sufficient to botset this disadvantage adran tage the cot cost of construction exclusive of the wiro itself is to practically the same whether a light grade of woven wire is used er or a heavier one and as the heavier material lasts last so much longer this cost to distributed over ever a longer time 1 the 1 repair costs for the heavier type of fencing are also less the influence of these facts Is shown in the increase in the lr of heavy afro eold sold tor for fencing purposes es in the last list five live year years on many farms forms however it te Is not necessary to have close spacing in the fences cattle beep sheep and borsom are tiam M anra frilly than swine and where no ari ars ar i kept the first co cut cot t of the fence can be materially reduced by eliminating the wires that are arla not needed for the oth stock where all classes of stock arc are kept a good general purpose fence Is one which has approximately ten line wires and ft is otal height of about four feet feat the bottom wires are spaced about three inches apart andla ana yx strand of barbed vire to 1 stretched across the top to prevent stock from putting their heads over the fence end std crowding it do don a the cost of buch cuch a fence con coa str acted froin durable material fn n eluding poets posts and labor la Is ea y mated at st sa 4 cents a rod its upkeep including Inc leding depatra and interest at five per cent on the average value of the investment will amount to about nine ats ceat sk far per rod to this be adlea the on an the land whick the fence once occupies it bits been uland that each rd ra of wire wr fence withdraw 20 square foet from tillage this ie it however much less than the land used by hedges atone stone walla ralls or rail fences and on high priced land la is a powerful argument for the adoption ot of wire fencing WIRE STRETCHER IS USEFUL two strong metal hook hooks alternately made to engage links of tho the stretching chain it will be noticed that the bandla of the wire stretcher et a awn own in the illus has two strong metal hoos which can be alternately made to en gage the links ot of the stretching chain the wiro wire la Is stretched by moving the 7 wire stretcher handle first in one direction and then in the other using the hooks books alter bately |