| Show I 1 M 3 MYSTERIES ES OF NATURE by george frederick erick NN wright Fright A 11 LL 1 p continent tilted up and down i lu aint than it 1 it IN it 1 I 1 in nip s 1 of 11 oo 00 pall in tilak 1 billips tin x aren t jim tillit of tilt land tin 1 depth more that to 1 ile M is ari it if all abi land E should be gunk in the 6 it would balse the general wa ter level lovel only about feet in 9 meral ite mav ay ith perfect con flo lonce that the 1 monti bedd Dor tionA of the KT pt crust which have MV atell inking sinking from the earliest tittles while the continents represent en pe t hoil MORE portions port loD chith h etli molly oscillations have on be the whole been rising BB it probably le is not t tw true an is Is s r len stated that the S aas r e as 0 of f land 1 ud id water later have shifted aliso 1 ps ili n past time so to that pris fid nd wh w re the main ocean bed beds apri now lie aud and oceans supt bupt without I 1 in ter over the area areas thi here re to the belt bellit of 0 evidence tint that large arge portions lort lon ions of the tile existing con orients t bents ere at barlous times timer b low luw the tile lei el of ta tie e sell mille lille thie this le is arile me it 0 seems equally certain that during the ube subs dence of these arena areas bolow bio tile he a level q ea i cither ither is i ali hallow alloA water nater bordere borders of if the main continental areas or ai as inter interial In terril tal sena bior ex ample the peat gleat depth ot of sedimentary rocks which lover the bisin basin extending from the Mie pheny mountains to the rocky mountains are shallow shallo anter depo ilta so 10 lott indeed was mae the water later during long periods that it was aa little more thin a in velch the lege vegetation tation that formed the numerous seame seams of coal could grow and flourish hut but th level als ft is not constant afar r a large ac of sege i eatable table matter that rould mula be turned into coil had taken there as a slight and i gentle sinking of the whole area go so that mud an I 1 sand viere ere brought in from the neighboring hirler lards to form 0 complete covering for the tile con coal so that alien it was turned into rock it wag as able to protect it and preserve it for future igee ages thia this process ot of aloft but irregular Irn irr gular sinking of the mis sis sipiA basin continued until thou sands of feet of sedimentary material had been washed into it as the mis Big sippi Is 1 carrying cirr ying sediment into the gulf of mexico at the present time tia successive strata like tho the deives of 0 a book record the various arious dol downward na n A ard mo of the long coal period in other countries countr iee especially in england and china there Is the same fame record of loing lon continued down doan ward movements of continental areas during the coal period if it tle downward movement had continued always alays the coal i would haie have been inaccessible beneath the depths of the sea where here indeed much of it does still remain in ila nova scotia the best seams of coal are mined many miles and at a depth of many hundred feet below he the bottom of the sea in Fri fridland gland also some of the best seams of coal are fol followed loed out underneath the sea and it le Is eup sup posed that coal veins are continuous from southern england to the con far beneath the bottom botto in of dover strait hut dut the downward motion of the coal area was as in due time arrested and the contrary movement begun which has brought priceless material mater within easy reach of men in the mount ins ina of pennsylvania and china in the hills of Fri england giand and anil in the plateau of the and western states of amer 1 ka a other illustrations of great changes in land level levels are too nur numerous nerous to be mentioned in detail in colorado there was lien a grai gradual lual sub silence of land below sea level lenel during the carboniferous and cretaceous eras until from 12 to feet of sediment had accumulated over oser the sinking area but at the end of that period the ea began to rise and this rise has continued until the present time when it stand stands man many y thousand feet a above ove the lei level el of the sea similar witness to such changes of level Is boine by extensive sediment lent ary rocke rocks containing abundant pea shells of 0 late geological ape are which are found at P a height of 10 feet above the alps and the sea on the pyrenees the caucasus moun InO taibi and at a of U 14 feet upon the moun bains of central asia A map of the eastern continent during the early period oho shows wa a tertiary part of the all mediterranean sea covering veat central europe and extending into asia submerging the highlands of thabet and most of the mountains ns of this was not a Tur turkestan Turk kesti estan an but that general Subsidence subsidence of th tha continents tact fact that the simple is evident from these learel areas are COY covered ered with sel limen tarv strata it if in mud ud and sand and red in water there denji deputed gravel ae are far away from fro not multi be some me area they could be derived while these geneo general facts concern la land a le level li vel in ai ancient changes jog all question geological birze s beyond bey jve lees leal attention atry impressive are very given to been merit bas than they corresponding that thai the facts have are still 1 9 going 1 on and within re its results produced g and point ait to t interesting cent tiniest tini elt reference to the fu with conclusions inn with the boe t glacial fal SO in vt u it it h I 1 1 li tin tit nioba tit ost reent of au all tilt M I 1 ciul epo an these rbana of iti ux art ur kr and connect thIL lohe with the eail history ol 01 mankind at the th cloae close of the gertlar period chih culminated in n bt glacial era the central tit acl I 1 northern van part of north ain ria stood at a level of 2000 or 3 feet above that it at present occupied this ie is proved by is tente of innumerable chin chan itel nels now deeply burled buried by dc do brio 01 01 extending out into the he ocean ocen 11 the hallow shallow submersed shelf of the botti both upon the ho allan atlan tic and find pam comite toasts in illinois in ohio and in n central ne new lork ork burled chan neIN are found down doan be low ca we level eb b wins wing abit the land must 1120 o been vrr vor anuth elevator elev atod to allow the streams bah brosted u these rocks gorges to make their tta na to the sea from these diskint inland points the I 1 ill it on of CIE Cli clivland it uland land 0 1 N are built over such burld orges sorges s the tile Del delabre Dela aare arp the hudin and anti the bt st la chers then emptied into the sea run ning through dp dep gorges or canona cano can on nv which crossty a loel leel coastal plain rhe florde fiords of Orten land and of nor N way ny an I 1 of the pacific co coitt amt of north Vi kni erica bar similar testimony since they probably Pro bablI in most cases mark the lines of ancl rit rivers coursed through them to the felt when the land lag so s much eleia elevated ted that ahat hat are tire now the bot bottoms of ot the channels channe lH vere mere occupied by ru rushing ghant mountain torr cRt in short those fiords are kronid aristr alleys nut but at the clohe au of the glacial period the land beels in all this Lor louthern thern region yere ere much lower than at the pr besent time on the southern coast of new larland BI sta beachus were shrol n up about fiat feet higher than those which are formed no a alone along the southern shore of maine the land ha I 1 stink BO so much that sea shalla ila arc are found in clay jelosits del feet above the present sea level the champlain and st laurence lawrence so a ley inns so much depressed that whales sported in soil water over the bite of middlebury col lege vermont and boals beals ventured into an arm of thi aea sea extending far up into the ottawa mier while at mon treal treat modern rea shola are found feet above present tile water upon the tho ibe mountain which elsas the city its naine nome going farther north the andl actions are that upon the shores of the arctic sea post gladau subsidence amounted to 1000 feet Eiery everywhere here across the continent there Is el evidence dence that thin this poet post glacial subsidence m was an is exten ok 1 at u the glaciated region and that it la creased in n amount from front mouth to norih north this la IS a very important con sider atlon to be kept in mind in work ing out glacial and post i dacial 1 leas lems this differential northerly de pres slon it the close of the 1 glacial period caused the great lakes lakee to flow at first into the ottawa river rier across lake over mer the eito site of orth bay into the Matta mattaway Aay arher and so into the ottama along the line through which pich tho Can canadian adlAn govern ment Is 1 talking ut of building it ship canal and which Is already utilized by the cal canadian aadlan pacific railroad thia this plea PASS Is to now less than feet abom above the level of the lakes copyright by joseph 13 bowl |
