Show GEET SEI SE affixed only to papers signed by the president 4 history of its development down to the present franklan ob to the eagle as a the national bird Nashi 81 niton gaillard 1 blunt nt chief t of the division of manuscripts hae has just completed a kotch sketch of the ant beal of the united states the sketch tell telling ingot 0 the various stage stages of development through which Ii lh h he e 8 beat 1 ent bf bufore tore the one now noa it in use wae A as cnally finally adopted hen lien the continental confess made the obverse of the great seal 1 the national urnia it intended that the tile de vice should pass into common ugo use among the copi kroph as the flag lad had done and like too the flar flag the arms at first met elih ich general approval which soon gave place to an acceptance of it as an of the power and KOV sov of the tatos which plan d it above criticism not all ali tin fathers of the republic however oue er wire are pleased with mith the tion of the eagle as ail the national cm em blem 11 hen ben the badge of the order of the society of the cincinnati was made in ili I 1 rince in it was object id d to by koine because the displayed eagle rese rege nold a turkey tor for my part wrote I 1 brankl ln january ag 1784 to ill daughter I 1 wish the bald eigle e igle bad not been cl osen as the ut of our country be dof dois a not get his liv ing honestly ion oil timy have been him perche on SOTOL tonit dead tree where here too lazy to fish for liln self he lie watches 11 0 gal ard lard hunt the labor of the fishing calling hawk and when hen that diligent bird has at length taken a fish and Is bearing it to ill his nest for the support of bis his mate and young ones the bald eagle pursues him and takes it t from him with all thia this injustice be he Is to never in good caste but like those among men who live by al 1 arping and robbing he Is generally poor and often very lousy besides he be Is a rank coward coard the little I 1 Ing bird not bigger than a sparrow attacks him boldly and drives him out of the district lie is there fore tore by no meana means a proper emblem for the brave and honest cincinnati of america ho have little driven all the kingbirds from our country the seal itself has of course a very limited use which is strictly goaded by law the secretary of state Is 13 its custodian but even he has no author ty to adix amx it to any paper that dc do a not bear the president ident a signature in 1803 culet calef justice marshall in delivering on an opinion of the supreme court used the following language rel active to the deal seal it may be consid ered applicable to all instrument Ins trumen i to anich the seal Is allix affixed ed I 1 the signature of the president Is a warrant arrant for affixing the great seal to the commission and tre great seal la Is only to bo be affixed amed to an instrument which Is to complete it atit tats by nn an act BI supposed to be of public notoriety the verity of the presidential algae lure ture it Is never to be affixed till 1111 the commission is signed because the big nature which gli ches es for force e and effect to 1 the commission Is to conc conclusive asive evidence that the appointment la ili made the commission being signed the subsequent duty of the secretary of tate Is prescribed by law and not to be guided by tho the will of the president he ile Is a to affix the seal of the united states state to the commission and is to record it at the present time the seal of the Un enli li states is affixed to the corn coin mis of all cabinet officers and diplomatic and consular officers who arc are nominated by the president and by the senate all ceremonious from the dent to the hailds of foreign govern mant all treaties tre atlee conventions and formal fornal agreements of the president with foreign powers all pro clama eions by the president all cx ex gators to foreign consular 1 officers in n the uni ted states who are appointed by the 1 ads of the governments which they represent to warrants by the dent to receive persons surrendered by foreign governments govern menti st under extra treaties and to all ll leous commissions of civil officers appointed by the president by and with the advice and consent of the senate whose appointments are not now en es decla pecla ily directed by law to be signed ulder a different 1111 eal AL t |