Show scientific POINTERS CURRENT NOTES OF DISCOVERY AND INVENTION t it kawato limit mit onan the it bt ut I 1 bof lt of it a lutt the larlor it tr I 1 4 belt set roue i I 1 e nt M brits in ili leit heitland land L ill I 1 letras mass fit 1 I I 1 1 1 I 1 who desire tu to undertake nev P fields ot of exploration choul I 1 take up iceland Is among the most inte reith g as ft ell as the moat most unknown of regions it Is a curious A thing to come k across lu in t the he t 1 I 1 O 0 a t of f this bleak region large district districts where boiling springs almost coy erthe ground boiling mud la Is d 1 thrown out from these springs and the surface of the country Is dotted with rt crater and the traces of volcanic pit eruptions chere are twenty olla noe in iceland any one of them lar ager ger than vesuvius there are also aea volcanoes which aich hae have excited the h L wonderland admiration of travelers some SOMO years ago lames flames burst out of the sea an I 1 a most violent eruption tion it too klace place this lasted some months III and C ceased ed only when a volcano in the interior became active lakes in dij to iceland ce all have ave in their midst the most dr beautiful green islands that are kept hot ywarn ar by the volcanic action below iceland man Is a also remarkable as a hunt a alln round tor for game birds they are i 0 JIL abundant that an ordIn ordinary iry hunter can bag within a few hours more thin hels heable able to carry home Ls I 1 ally one ae meets a rein leer but the birde birds are the most attric attractive tive im t california plarl 0 the pearl fib herles of the gulf of california have been enormously vald 30 liable in 1700 17 large number of el pearle pearls were collected for a collar this eventually came into the possession of the queen of ind Is one of 0 the moat most valuable vilu able of the crown jewele ill elsa A brown pearl worth eight thou re g lad isad dollars a black one valued at ten off thousand thoua and and an exquisitely lustrous abne which vas as sold in paris parn for nearly alx sIx lx thousand dollars have been taka from these beds black pearls are popular in europe and all of this sort that are found la orril i it are sent over to the eu roetta market the mexican govern ate controls the fisheries and the ad a Is put into the hands of a neisca company about tour four n haaland d men are employ employed ed and the tn after being lifted from the 1 are put into schooners and to a place where there are in a under whose charge they are 1 wl ened ned pearl fishing Is rather un 13 business as one may open he th ds of oysters without finding it bIgg worth while agian in i I 1 few thousands ards of dollars may be lar V ra I 1 jnue I 1 down flown pillard aliey akey do strange things in persia the latest for some lears years a haa has been establish j abush I 1 re on the persian gulf 4 has performed its ita functions 0 let or hindrance this year ho r owing to want of biln the were under the impression ki bench marks or pillars which say en built the english gov ean t t telegraph office were nere cause of aught and a mob consisting of women and chil children dien surround lw and pulled the pillars 0 a ing to the promptitude of bwll 11 on the resident and mr gell 11 the superintendent of tele th persian governor had to acom piny of persian soldiers wd 4 nelc ese combined with parties of ets and marines from 11 NI S III built up the pillars again s had bad the de delred ired effect on the C j sal till L T ne ral mfg t ills cid 0 7 iz d us a who saw that the british V ment in persia Is not to be who with ri be th one Ons Cause of bornt r rest fires ft ho had occasion to 14 an encampment on a ledge of 1 in unbroken forest asserts that bet hessed the beginning of one of 0 ost oat de destructive forest fires that it corred in that region A dead 05 t enormous size blew over and another tree which it imort in the form of a bow ace wind swayed the top of tua the ree ee which supported the trunk fallen neighbor it so chanad ere in was as a space of several fet fe t ine the fallen tree was smooth aid on the other the force of taj th weeping the bent tree back aal aill no boon oon ground the bark from the ot of the tree the friction caused 8 grinding developed a high deit def f heat and anti the tourist to his ament saw the wood of the ree ee burst into a flame the top op on n consumed and fell scatter aning ember embers upon the dry tor or some ill d lance tine around these f to a flam came by the wind soon cheat a fierce tre re that siept over oyer ailee vf f valuable val timber much blame has bas I 1 tru rii attached to campers and malicious who ho have haic it Is alleged skirted fires either through carelessness r for i dweire for or wartan mis chief owners of large tracts of lim lind would do well to keep clise watch ot of their forests diring and after heavy wind storms which are not accompanied by a heil bmw rain 1 little pre caution sivi tho i rands andi of acrea acres of valuable timber I 1 effect of if mi sh k I 1 i ii lit t iron it big his ion been an accepts accept el I 1 theory thit th it cist tron iron is 1 by a succession of shocks it has lien supposed thit the tile iron I 1 becomes becomes brittle and almost bests ests have been ludde to establish the feets in the cap cae pieces of lion were mere struck three thousand thou times with ft ath a lund hind hammer the gain in strength VMS nis from ten to fifteen pr cent IN numble of iron ro rols Is n were ere place I 1 in a boi box and shaken in order to fiet them from the band c of f the mol Is and to ale ove them a sligh slight an ant polish they were nere shaken for i long time and then tested when dpn were vere to be about fifteen per cent stronger than the same bars that had not been through this t the theory I 1 it that continual beating boating or tipping sol I 1 fiffles the molecules an ani I 1 ins his an effect not unlike welding elding this Is an important discover Ils coer as it gives the benefits derived from annealing by heat without any of the objections to this process heit sometimes changes the chem checkal lal composition of the iron and may affect the carbon still further testa tests are to be mile those already re report portel cl having shown such favorable results tom it to ti amat 11 it has been found possible to graft anguil plants when they bave or branches that are sufficiently fleshy and ind a striking example of this Is shown in the accompanying sketch it cannot be said however that this process his entered into practice and up to the present it his been merely a matter of curiosity carriere Carrl cre who was aas a practical man ind indefatigable investigator vesti gator the most diverse kinds of grafting and amborg other results obtained a crop ot of tomatoes upon stems of the bittersweet bitter sweet mr C billet in experimenter of the first rank has attempted to grift the diverse flints and has brought together in a work entitled lart de gretter greffer very useful directions and mad advice as to grafting and as to the species that cm cin be multiplied with certainty by this process in grafting branches of the tomato upon stalks of the potato al ba let tet a son has made an interesting experiment which shows the affinities of two plants belonging to the same order and the possibility of grafting plants which abich have an ephemeral existence in some regions and which at first sight would not seem to be capable of giving so curious results western ire fee caves at the foot of cow mountain in colorado the most remarkable caverns hive been found there Is a series of chambers of various sizes the roots hung with enormous icicle the water vater from which these were frozen must have been very pure as in some of the aises the reflection and refraction of light Is truly wonderful ond erful the glitter suggesting the finest diamonds the chambers are connected by narrow alleyways and at a point distant from the entrance there Is a passage extremely narrow and inclined this leads to i cavern some three hundred feet in extent containing enormous quantities of ice which has frozen in all sorts of quaint and grotesque grotis grotts que figures la in the middle of this cavern there Is a lake sixty five feet long it Is quite deep and the wa I 1 Is as clear as crystal and cold almo beyond belief the tho lake appears to t lave no outlet but there must tj one as the water never rises above a certain level an ali effort Is to be made to make a show place of this cavern and turn the vicinity to account as a pleasure resort certainly as a intuni curiosity the place Is well worth a visit tir burning of greets wood every eiery ona one who mho enjoys sitting by a wood fire must have observed how bow the wood shutters and hisses and fre frequently frequent iv gives off little jets of flames and again the pieces crackle and fly off at a considerable dl tance this Is caused by the water in the wood which confined in the cells becomes heated and generates steam it Is a 3 curious fact that intense heat and intense cold produces fractures it ip various substances in the most extreme cold weather it Is not uncommon especially ally it if the cold has come on suddenly to find trees that are ate split from the ground to the top by the action of frost freezing expands the water in the cells of the wood nood and so suddenly Is this done that the trees bunt burst as a would a pitcher or mug in which wal water ter was confined |