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Show FARMERS FACING NEW jMBLErl The farmers of 1921 are facing wholly new and extremely import-i import-i ant problems, tho solutton ot which demands whole hearted cooperation among all, mombers of society, according ac-cording to President E. O. Peterson of tho Utah Agricultural College. President Peterson declares that tho future well being ot American civil- I rat Ion and tho vory existence ot American agriculturo depends upon our ability to solve these problems correctly. As outlined by President Peterson Peter-son thoro are two serious problems. First, thcro must bo a political and economic adjustment that will Insure In-sure tho farmer a profltablo business busi-ness and swing tho population again to tho farm, and, socond. tho farmer himself" must learn to produco moro efficiently standardized products. rn a statement recently propared for tho press by President reterson, the 'present agricultural situation was analyzed as follows: "Agriculture In tho United States entered a new phase ot Its development develop-ment during 1920. Tho farmer Is now facing a set of conditions on-tlrely on-tlrely different from tho conditions he faced before or during the war of 1914. The solution of tho new problem now before tho agriculturist agricultur-ist will neccsltato clearest vision and earefulest statesmancratt lr they ar to be correctly and lastingly solved. "Agriculture In America up to the present, hna been largely the bcnetl-clary bcnetl-clary of cheap land. There has al-ways al-ways been new and fertile land to reclaim and this land", as It has be come settled "and has given blrh to growing communities, has increased raarvclously in value. Tho last do-cado do-cado has seen exceptionally high prices for farm products. Before tho war farm product brought satisfying satis-fying returns. During tho war prices pric-es ro3o to extraordinary heights. It should be distinctly rccnllcd, however, how-ever, that tho farmer who unselnsh-ly unselnsh-ly answered tho call of tho nation for Increased production during tho jearn of 1917. 18 nnd 19 has benefitted benefit-ted llttlo from these high prices. Vlth uneinclent floating lnbor, demanding de-manding a high wage, with Increased Increas-ed costs for equipment the farmer found that his cost of production was tremendous. In return he received re-ceived but a small part of the great 'increase In prices brought about by jwar conditions. Tho farmer proflt-' proflt-' cored loss than an other gio-p In this country during tho war nnd has prospered during tho last few ears much less thun he has deserved. "Yet the former Is now tho first to suffer under tho present conditions condi-tions of falling prices. Present day 'prices for the great staples of tho farm and range wheat, wool, beef, 'cotton, etc. aro below the cost of production. Other commodities, Including In-cluding labor, supplies and farm equipment, must quickly seek a lov-ut lov-ut comparably level to thrso staples or agriculturo will cease to oxlst. "Two big agricultural problems face tho country today ror solution, First, there must be a political and economical adjustment which will swing tho population back to the farms. Second, tho education of tho rarmor to produco elllclentlj a stan-dardlxed stan-dardlxed ploducl must pioceed apace. j "Tho consus or 1920 shows thnt the Unlto Stutes hue ceased to bo a jural nation." Since 1910 tho country ha3 changed trom nn agricultural to nn Industrial staf Today for tho first time In our history, tho majority ma-jority of ur 10C.000.000 peoplo llvo In the cities. "Tho essential agricultural Industries Indus-tries must ho safeguarded by turlffa If necpnjary. An adjustment of our I system of taxation Is needed whore-by whore-by a less heavy burden will bo la'M , on tho land owning farmor who Is at tho samo tlmo builder and head J of a family At tho present tlui- wo i actually penallxe ifto Industry of ! such man. In the mlddl west this condition is driving many a mi n to tenancy, and tenancy lr ono of tho worst existing menaces to our sturdy furnl dcinocrary. Utah has fortunately escaped much ot this. Because our agriculture Is so young nnd our civilization so now weluve boon able to avoid these conditions. 'Tf tho agriculture of the nation Is to flourish wo must havo str Hk men on tho land. Urlgham Young's theory ot stalwart chitons titllnj tho soil, rearing families to str.y vn the soil, must bo accepted as i nation na-tion wldo policy If our agrlcultuio la to be saved. "Of only less Importance to the problem of political and economic readjustment Is tho problem ot eju- catlon. Tho nverago farmer must learn to produco efficiently a standardized stan-dardized product. Tho futuro will seo a much closer margin of p otll than the past has seen. A moro careful care-ful attention to tho details of the buslnes sot farming ,n mo.ro a:cur ate checking up on tho cost of piO' duclng different crops and tho ellm lnatlon of waste will' all bo nocet sary If tho end of tho year ls'to set a fair profit on the farming lnvost ment "The fanner must produco pita toes ot a uniform high quality nn ho must murket them In spocitlc . grades. His wheat, sugar boot-, alfalfa seed, peas, his beef, hogs, sheep', his wool must bo efficiently produced nnd graded, "Our dairy farmer must patt 1 1 his system after that ot the Dantsa farmer. We must go to Denmark fur our model In building our system ot agricultural education. We must do ns Denmark does train our farm boyn to bo both great producer and capablo and Intelligent citizen "Wo arc doing this In Utah in our dovulopmcnt of our agricultural experimentation and agricultural oxtcnslon work. In our experimental experiment-al work we discover those facts concerning con-cerning efllclent production which, applied by tho farmer with the ox-' ox-' porlcnco ot generations behind h'm, will bring forth standardized crups efficiently produced. In our cxton-' cxton-' slon woik wo carry these facts al-' al-' ong with methods ror their npp'l ' cation to tho farmer on his farm. Tho most remunerative Investment which Utah now innkes ror cducn- ' tlon Is In this agricultural oxpoil- mentation and extension wck " Thcso servants or tho stato aro annually an-nually returning fifty fold tho In - vestment mado In them by tho Bt' 1 nnd nation." |