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Show iiuuniuuo r loio 1 iinui 1 liiu s OUR APPLE ORCHARDS she fi wll C 1 By Charles J. Sorcnson, County Crop Pest Inspoctor. 0,1 nol . Tho apple orchards ot Utah County; What a Dad Infestation Means. to nro threatened with sorlous damagol When It bocomoa established, tho nrt trco loaf-roller. This pest tnado Its sect - debut In tho Btato and county a few past years ago and has dono somo damage strlt periodically oyer slnco in various tho parts of tho stato. It has boon In t! prosont In tho apple orchards of Utah It la County during tho pant thrco or four surv years. Us numbers woro a fow at char first but becauso of favorable condl- folia tlons It has Increased year aftor yoar defo until at tho present tlmo it constitutes tlon a serious menace Tho crop In a fow Cole applo orchards on Provo Bench was rolI( almost completely destroyed last sea now son by tho loaf roller. pie Tho County Crop Post Inspectors mea havo boon making orchard Inspections t during tho past two months for tho Tl purpose ot determining tho oxtont of lnju tho spread and tho dogreo ot infest 1. tation with this sorlous applo post, budi It has boon found that tho applo the orchards in all sections of tho county cren nro Infested to a groat or or lessor ex- 2. tent, with tho loaf rollor. In many of t orchards tho Infostatlon is rather ato light; sorlous Injury may not bo hud noticed la such casos, for a yoar or rodt more. In other orchards, howovcr, proj the pest Is prosont in such numbers fosti as to Borlously threaten tho fruit crop bo during tho coming season unloss of- fl. foctivo control measures aro Applied, potn Life History P" This Insect is thought to bo a native blo of North America. It has been ot f known in the apple districts ot Colorado, Oregon, Washington, and ln tl Montana, for a numbor of years. oft The fruit tree leaf-roller passos the the winter in Uio egg stage. The eggs aro laid In masses ot from CO to more 'n than 100 eggs to each mass and aro nor plastorcd on tho trunk, scaffold oftt limbs and all parts of tho treo, with of, t the exception of last year's wood E. rowtb, Thoso erg-masses aro easily ,cav seen upon tho examination ot infost- atrlj ed treos at this season ot year. As soon as the blossom buds begin to Ti burst in springtime, the egps hatch trol and the tiny pale green worms be- Fl gin to food .In the unfolding buds. Inge The worms feed upon tho buds, Si loavee and young fruit for about oil i thirty days when they become fully befc grown and are then a little lew than Tl an inch long. "At this time the worms Is spin themselves up In a silken web test within curled leaves, within the apple perl clusters or within cavities eaten out brai ot the fruit, where, they pass into a nesi pupal or resting stage ot about two A weeks, during which time tho worm mor changes to a yollowish mdlh with oil browttispotB- or- THettllBgs on the whli wings. After a few days; these moths Llm begin laying eggs for next year's Joat brood. Thero is thus but ono brood In ot -worms each yoar. tlon 1UIIUI IB VUU UlVUk iUj U V u pest of tho apple. During tho j three years, it has complotoly ug pped tho leaves and fruit from po applo treos on hundreds of acres of bo Dltter Root Valley of Montana. j0I i questionable how long trees can ca Ivo such treatment. A fow or- or( rds ln Utah County woro do- Djc itod last season. Trees that aro jjij dinted ono year are ln no condl- jea to bear fruit tho next year. ou jrndo has been fighting tho leaf- t0 or for at loast flttoon years and C0 sho can produco a successful ap- )n crop only by using rigid control j)U isures for this pest. thl tow and When Injury Is Done. n ho loaf-roller catorplllars causo jj0 ry in soveral ways: tj,j They attack tho opening fruit wI s, mlno through them and eat out ja young developing fruit. This do- tn( iso8 tho set of fruit. They chow off tho tiny stoma . ho fruit buds beforo they sopnr- r. In tho clusters. Every Injured falls off lator. This results in a ictlon of tho set of fruit which is jortlonal to tho sovorlty ot tho In-atlon. In-atlon. In bad casos the crop may HIT ruined at this tlmo. They web togothor tho blossom tla so that tho blossoms cannot Blz ti. This results In unfertilized trc im and consequently a lighter set D( rult v. Thoy eat cavities and furrows ho young fruit much ot which falls '"' as a result. Tho remainder of ed fruit endeavors to heal over the no inds with tho result that ft grows n a misshapen and doformed man-which man-which makes It unfit for market 8p jntimos as much jis 75 porcent lol tho fruit is thus injured. Fx Tho caterpillars also attack tho bo ros and frequently completely p tho trees as noted abovo. How to Control Leaf-Roller. Ml he most effective moans ot con- bc for leaf roller arof p Irst JPrune early and burn prun Bn ( before tho eggs hatch. . econd Spray with a good mlsclblo p after freezing weather is over and tn ro tho Idat buds burst open. m he choice of the right kind of oil gr vory Important. Comparative s conducted at Agricultural ox- ' ment stations show that different ed ids ot oil vary ln their effective-i effective-i for the control of loaf roller. nE n oil spray will cost little, if any, c 0 than limo-sulphur spray and tho will control all Insect posts for en lirae-eulphur spray is applied, be lo-sulphur1' will not destroy tho roller eggs. 1 nddltlon to thoso already men- od. mlsclblo oil sprays produco ictlco to spray Occasionally with sclble oils. bl n view ot the threatened menace p leaf roller Injury to tho applo in- ai stry of tho entire county, it seems disable that all applo orchards ln Ich there Is any trace ot tho post b Mild recolvo a thorough spraying th mlsclblo oil, this season. " y n cases of light infestations with s pest and when mlsclblo oil has t bcon used It would bo advisable 11 uso n combination spray ot lead f lenato and limo-sulphur prepared p follows: jj For each hundred gallons of water o not less than four puonds of 0 wdored lead arsenate, one pound calcium casetnato and threo gal- s is ot liquid lime sulphur. Tho n Iclura casolnato should bo used in dor to povent tho formation ol a ' ick, undoslrablo sludge with tho c eratlon of frco arsenic whon tho a id and limo-sulphur aro mixed with, t tho casolnato. The best protocol protoc-ol to tho crop Is obtained from this mblnatlon spray when it Is applied the proplnk stage, Just as tho fruit ds aro beginning to separate. If Is combination spray is not applied tho proplnk stago then it should applied as tho calyx spray. At P Is time a greater numbor ot worms C 11 bo killed but a largo amount ot mago has already been d6no by Dm beforo this tlmo. c o tl Iantincr and Olflan. a |
