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Show 1ssssBsssBiiBiBiW3MSMsiaSf!0 y. .a f , , fcPGeLe w - -- ' ' tl. ' S e'f tfet ift" it l 1 &f SV J'. t v . jf Type of Cart Used In 8uaar Cane Districts of Formosa (Prepared by the National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.) One of the most Important or the "slices or China" taken hy outsldo nations, na-tions, but one which there tins been no mention of restoring, Is the island which the world knows as Formosa, but which the Jnpanese. alnco they gained possession of it through the Chlno-Jnpaneso war, havo'nami'd Taiwan. Tai-wan. "Ihla Formosn" Beautiful Isle tho early Portuguese voyagors called it; and never wns n more npproprlato namo given to an Isle of the sea. If you care to confirm this In ono of several pleasant ways, boU along the west coast of Formosa In a tck pal, or bamboo raft, on a clear day, and you will witness n pageant of mountain moun-tain scenery thnt will haunt tho memory mem-ory for mnny a day. Beyond tho fertile plain, with Its emerald paddy-llelds and Its plctur-esquo plctur-esquo llttlo villages dotted here and thero on the hanks of meandering streams, roothllla with unending variations varia-tions of contour silhouette their tree-fringed tree-fringed summits against the paler screen of more distant mountains. Of these, sometimes five and sometimes even six parallel ranges are visible nt once, ench n separate ribbon of. color, shading from the deepest sapphire to the rlest azuro ind extending in nn unbroken chain of benuty from north to south. On the enst of tho Islnnd.you can see the highest coastal cllffa known, at some places rising abruptly to an elevation ele-vation of nbout 0,000 feet, and affording afford-ing an Impregnable wall of defense to the wild aboriginal tribes living In the mountnlns hnck of them. All Kinds of Vegetation. Formosnn scenery Is unusual In Its diversity or vegetation within such narrow confines tho greatest length of the Island from north to south Is nbout 204 miles and 80 miles Is Its greatest width. From the palms and tropical fruit trees of tho western plain It Is only a short step to the slopes of the lower mountains, with their exuberant Jungles of various growths the bearded beard-ed banyans, the graceful tree rcrns, which In sheltered nooks attain the height of palms, nqd the ubiquitous bamboo grass. nere, among moss-strung trees, Is found growing the beautiful butterfly orchid, while In exposed spaces, nestling nes-tling among the rocks, rose-pink azaleas flaunt their gay blooms. A little high, r are plateaus covered with camphor iturel. tho largest tracts of theso valuable valu-able trees In the world, whllo still higher grow the forests or tonirerous trees tho giant benlhl similar to tho redwoods or California, the largest trees In the East and tho second nrgest In the w.-.vld; the valuable h nokl or Japanese cypress, nnd ths pine cedar nnd spruce of the New England states; and higher yet the craggy penks of tho tallest mountains" jut sparsely covered with vegetation of any sort, where eagles build their nests. aMI W,c, ror tlle Km,ter .,nrt of the j ar Ua beneath a mantle of mow. The naval approach to the Island Is Iho port or Kelung. in the extreme rlh. Almost any time one arrives . i hclung the rain wllfbo found com-ing com-ing down In thcetH, obscuring the hill-crested hill-crested harbor. J'T1 " ,?',1,J for T". th cap!, nl city, which on most maps stilt I'Hira Its old Chinese name of Taipei ?hm m.i '? Wn m,BI,,eH on w"' PnH H " '"K nnel. under a moun- IS ? 2h rv.10 o,,,Br"' "f which you will in all probability find the U.n.h,, ,oded with sunshine R In "-ms ns out of p,IIM. ,n ; world r.B stars In the broad djl" j Here and there the trait, .passes the nines' Ti '.""'l""'" ,,wl"n some M Inese homesteader with a pool of ater by way of front yard where Jmbo slate-colored buffaloes t k e Mr noonday siesta. Talhoku I. a Fine City. is covST "Vr0,1""" l' Tulhoku a con-red In a little more than an our. and there the traveler Is sro to au Ufui pnrkn. nd the Imposing pub-le pub-le buildings, only the gHcwavs of the old wall, which surmunh" , e as'ou".' Sr ? '. Ski; s out or place in their rejuvenated setting ,,. ...e ,.:,, iM Si,nrt,r ''n 1U""K'1' ' '"'" ew I-" .T',,"m,U- ' """'""mllr c.uir. tui e Chines dtj, 9 Ihe Jnpanese Insist upon two offl. dnl house cleanings a year, and m they nre executed under a po)lceraJ! vigilant eye. there Is nothing S A in the undertaking. AH a tels. his lares and penntes. his whi nnd children, even to his cheriihtd opium pipe, are heaped unceremcS ' ously in front of his dwelling, and th. Wdrk or scouring begins. During tho summer months Daltotel presents Its busiest fucc, for It Is then thnt tho tea season Is in full swloc The colonnades of tho tea honjj, such un Imposing architectural term as colonnades can be fittingly applied to suclf unlmposlng structures, us uhum with tho staccato accents of chattering ten pickers. These are generally young girls, as old hands nre too numb for tho deft manlpula-tlon manlpula-tlon of tho ten leaves. Sented on low stools before wide wicker trays, these bright-eyed maldi, In their pcncock-bluo smocks, their front hair clipped In hangs, and with u gny posy or two rtpek In the braided braid-ed knots nt tho bncSti of their necks, nre In animated contrast to their rather drab surroundings. Everywhere one sees cooitcs pack-Injr pack-Injr the gnyly flowered lead-lined jioxes thnt carry their sensitive freight of ten to America. About 00 per ceat of Formosa Oolong goos to tho United Stntes. The population of Formosa Is main-ly main-ly agricultural. The cultivation of rice, and more especlnlly sugar cane, Is encouraged by the rovernment, and these nro grown In grent quautltles. Monopoly In Camphor. However, tho most Interesting Industry Indus-try Is the production of camphor, and It can truly be said to be peculiar to , the Island, when It Is remembered that Formosa holds a prnctlcrl monopoly la tho world's market of this valuable drug. Shortly nftcr the Japanese came to Formosa, 25 years ngo, the camphor . Industry beenmo u government monop- i oly. Before that time thre had been , a grent deal of ruthless waste, both la tho cutting down of trees nnd In extracting ex-tracting camphor from them. At first tho Jnpanese, too, were careless in this respect, for the suppl of camphor trees seemed practical! : limitless, but tho great increase la the ! demand for tho product In late yen hns mnde scientific nfforcstntlon necessary. neces-sary. Now large tracto or land are .gjven over to the cultivation of the catrfplioV laurel. The oldest of these cultivated trees are nonr somo twenty ' years of ngc. In point of view of value, few trees can rival the camphor. An average tree, say with a basal circumference i of 12 feet, will yield about 60 pleats of camphor (approximately 0.CW pounds), which, nt the present market price, Is worth several thousands ef ? dollars. """Nntlvo 'stills nr scattered here an" 'here throughout u- districts where I crude camphor Is collcctrj. pocked In 1 tins nnd curried down precipitous mountnln paths on coolies' backs to the nearest rnllwny line, whence II goes to tho refinery nt Talhoku. Eyer bIhco we have any authentic record. Formosn hns been peopled with t wild tribes of probably Malayan and i Polynesian origin. They are nearest In polut of resemblance to the Dy" of Borneo nnd, although their oripn .j hits never been proved beyond a doubt. jj they are sufllclently like certain or t" J South Sea tribes to Justify ti ln j crlblug to them u common ancestry. They aro found on the Island toW j Itt all stages or development. " j "raw" savages, as the Chmw tern , them, live much us their ancestors ow centuries ngo, while thu "ripe "' ugea. Hying on the bonierlaml h")"" their' wild' kin und Chinese set vtn liuvo more or less assimilated Cliw wuys or lire. The aavage P"Pula"!, . or Former is estimated at about J". 000. .... At presbnt Formosa enjoys grc' freedom from savage attacks i , ever before In her history. T's - to the fact that the Japanese haw stalled a llvc-wlrp harrier from M" Ito. about mldwuy on the east rosM-' I'lnnn. In the south, n lls,,,nc;.l nbout a hundred ndles. to serve j protection uguluat savage rahis- The future of Formosa UI,J. present benevolent paternal B' ; K mom looks bright Indeed. Jr sm, Tore baa this Island, so au'","11 : H Iho eye. enjoyed such a di'C5 ol p Mtl perity, ' |